{"id":698128,"date":"2024-10-24T19:55:39","date_gmt":"2024-10-24T18:55:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/?p=698128"},"modified":"2024-10-24T19:55:39","modified_gmt":"2024-10-24T18:55:39","slug":"hieu-suat-nhiet-dong-luc-hoc-cua-cac-bo-trao-doi-nhiet","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/hieu-suat-nhiet-dong-luc-hoc-cua-cac-bo-trao-doi-nhiet\/","title":{"rendered":"Hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 trao \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"sidekick\">Hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 trao \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t: t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u nguy\u00ean l\u00fd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng trao \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/hieu_suat_nhiet_dong_luc_hoc_cua_cac_bo_trao_doi_nhiet.png\" alt=\"Hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 trao \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t\" style=\"display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\"\/><\/p>\n<h2>Hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 trao \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t<\/h2>\n<p>B\u1ed9 trao \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t t\u1eeb m\u00f4i ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0y sang m\u00f4i ch\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c, th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u00e0m l\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed. Hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 trao \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh trao \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n<h2>Nguy\u00ean l\u00fd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 trao \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t<\/h2>\n<p>B\u1ed9 trao \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean nguy\u00ean l\u00fd truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa hai d\u00f2ng m\u00f4i ch\u1ea5t c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00e1c nhau. C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i b\u1ed9 trao \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t kh\u00e1c nhau nh\u01b0ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>B\u1ed9 trao \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t \u1ed1ng ch\u00f9m<\/li>\n<li>B\u1ed9 trao \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e1ch ng\u0103n<\/li>\n<li>B\u1ed9 trao \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t d\u1ea1ng t\u1ea5m<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh trao \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 di\u1ec5n ra theo ba c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf ch\u00ednh: d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t, \u0111\u1ed1i l\u01b0u v\u00e0 b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1. Trong b\u1ed9 trao \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t, d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i l\u01b0u l\u00e0 hai c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu.<\/p>\n<h2>C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c t\u00ednh hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 trao \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t<\/h2>\n<p>Hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 trao \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 qua hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 nhi\u1ec7t (\\(\\varepsilon\\)) v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t (U). Hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a l\u00e0:<\/p>\n<p>\\[<br \/>\n\\varepsilon = \\frac{Q_{\\text{th\u1ef1c}}}{Q_{\\text{t\u1ed1i \u0111a}}}<br \/>\n\\]\n<p>Trong \u0111\u00f3, \\(Q_{\\text{th\u1ef1c}}\\) l\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n qua b\u1ed9 trao \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 \\(Q_{\\text{t\u1ed1i \u0111a}}\\) l\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ed1i \u0111a c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trao \u0111\u1ed5i n\u1ebfu b\u1ed9 trao \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng.<\/p>\n<p>H\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t \\(U\\) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh theo c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c:<\/p>\n<p>\\[<br \/>\nU = \\frac{Q}{A \\Delta T_{\\text{tb}}}<br \/>\n\\]\n<p>Trong \u0111\u00f3:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Q: Nhi\u1ec7t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n qua b\u1ed9 trao \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t<\/li>\n<li>A: Di\u1ec7n t\u00edch b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t trao \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t<\/li>\n<li>\\(\\Delta T_{\\text{tb}}\\): \u0110\u1ed9 ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 trung b\u00ecnh<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>C\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 trao \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t<\/h2>\n<p>C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 trao \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t nh\u01b0:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 trao \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t<\/li>\n<li>T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a m\u00f4i ch\u1ea5t<\/li>\n<li>V\u1eadn t\u1ed1c v\u00e0 l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u00f2ng m\u00f4i ch\u1ea5t<\/li>\n<li>\u0110\u1ed9 d\u00e0y v\u00e0 t\u00ednh v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t trao \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>C\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn v\u00e0 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t<\/h2>\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng cao hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 trao \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t, c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p sau:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>T\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng di\u1ec7n t\u00edch b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t trao \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t<\/li>\n<li>L\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 t\u00ednh d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t cao cho b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t trao \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t<\/li>\n<li>\u0110i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 v\u1eadn t\u1ed1c d\u00f2ng m\u00f4i ch\u1ea5t nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t t\u1ed1i \u01b0u<\/li>\n<li>\u00c1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt x\u1eed l\u00fd b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u \u0111\u00f3ng c\u1eb7n v\u00e0 t\u0103ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 trao \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u v\u00e0 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 trao \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t s\u1ebd gi\u00fap c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh trong c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nhi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 trao \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t: t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u nguy\u00ean l\u00fd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng trao \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[132],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v15.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 trao \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 trao \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t: t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u nguy\u00ean l\u00fd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng trao \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" 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