{"id":698362,"date":"2024-09-29T05:45:34","date_gmt":"2024-09-29T04:45:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/?p=698362"},"modified":"2024-09-29T05:45:34","modified_gmt":"2024-09-29T04:45:34","slug":"phan-tich-nhiet-trong-ky-thuat-phap-y-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/phan-tich-nhiet-trong-ky-thuat-phap-y-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch nhi\u1ec7t trong k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ph\u00e1p y"},"content":{"rendered":"

Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch nhi\u1ec7t trong k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ph\u00e1p y gi\u00fap x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n ch\u00e1y n\u1ed5, ph\u00e2n t\u00edch d\u1ea5u v\u1ebft nhi\u1ec7t h\u1ecdc, h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tra t\u1ed9i ph\u1ea1m b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p khoa h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n

\"Ph\u00e2n<\/p>\n

Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch nhi\u1ec7t trong k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ph\u00e1p y<\/h2>\n

Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch nhi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e1nh quan tr\u1ecdng trong k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ph\u00e1p y, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tra v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c v\u1ee5 \u00e1n h\u00ecnh s\u1ef1. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd, gi\u00fap c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u tra thu th\u1eadp b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 h\u1ecfa ho\u1ea1n, v\u1ee5 n\u1ed5 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

Nguy\u00ean l\u00fd c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a ph\u00e2n t\u00edch nhi\u1ec7t<\/h2>\n

Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch nhi\u1ec7t d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean l\u00fd nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t. C\u00e1c thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh quan tr\u1ecdng bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

  • \u0110\u1ed9 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t (thermal conductivity)<\/strong>: Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t.<\/li>\n
  • Nhi\u1ec7t dung ri\u00eang (specific heat capacity)<\/strong>: L\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u l\u00ean m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9 C.<\/li>\n
  • Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y (melting point)<\/strong>: Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn chuy\u1ec3n sang ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng.<\/li>\n

    <\/u1><\/p>\n

    \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a ph\u00e2n t\u00edch nhi\u1ec7t trong k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ph\u00e1p y<\/h2>\n

    \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a ph\u00e2n t\u00edch nhi\u1ec7t trong k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ph\u00e1p y r\u1ea5t \u0111a d\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c sau:<\/p>\n

    <\/p>\n

  • X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c h\u1ecfa ho\u1ea1n<\/strong>: Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u00e1c m\u1eabu v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u t\u1eeb hi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1ee5 ch\u00e1y \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111i\u1ec3m xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t c\u1ee7a ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda v\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e2n t\u1ed1 g\u00e2y ch\u00e1y.<\/li>\n
  • \u0110i\u1ec1u tra c\u00e1c v\u1ee5 n\u1ed5<\/strong>: X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c v\u1ee5 n\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c d\u1ea5u v\u1ebft nhi\u1ec7t tr\u00ean c\u00e1c m\u1ea3nh v\u1ee1 v\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u xung quanh hi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/li>\n
  • Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch v\u1ebft ch\u00e1y<\/strong>: X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ea1i th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m x\u1ea3y ra v\u1ee5 ch\u00e1y.<\/li>\n

    <\/u1><\/p>\n

    Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ph\u00e2n t\u00edch nhi\u1ec7t<\/h2>\n

    C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong ph\u00e2n t\u00edch nhi\u1ec7t, bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n

    <\/p>\n

  • Ph\u00e9p ph\u00e2n t\u00edch nhi\u1ec7t vi sai (Differential Scanning Calorimetry – DSC)<\/strong>: \u0110o s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t v\u1ec1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u0103ng ho\u1eb7c gi\u1ea3m nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1eabu v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t m\u1eabu chu\u1ea9n.<\/li>\n
  • Nhi\u1ec7t k\u1ebf h\u1ed3ng ngo\u1ea1i (Infrared Thermometry)<\/strong>: S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 h\u1ed3ng ngo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111o nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c v\u1eadt th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/li>\n
  • Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch nhi\u1ec7t tr\u1ecdng (Thermogravimetric Analysis – TGA)<\/strong>: \u0110o s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a m\u1eabu khi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 thay \u0111\u1ed5i.<\/li>\n

    <\/u1><\/p>\n

    K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/h2>\n

    Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch nhi\u1ec7t trong k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ph\u00e1p y \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c v\u1ee5 \u00e1n h\u00ecnh s\u1ef1 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 nguy\u00ean l\u00fd nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u1ecdc, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u tra c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thu th\u1eadp th\u00f4ng tin quan tr\u1ecdng, gi\u00fap l\u00e0m s\u00e1ng t\u1ecf nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9ng, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec1u tra v\u00e0 x\u00e9t x\u1eed.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch nhi\u1ec7t trong k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ph\u00e1p y gi\u00fap x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n ch\u00e1y n\u1ed5, ph\u00e2n t\u00edch d\u1ea5u v\u1ebft nhi\u1ec7t h\u1ecdc, h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tra t\u1ed9i ph\u1ea1m b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p khoa h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[132],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\nPh\u00e2n t\u00edch nhi\u1ec7t trong k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ph\u00e1p y<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch nhi\u1ec7t trong k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ph\u00e1p y gi\u00fap x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n ch\u00e1y n\u1ed5, ph\u00e2n t\u00edch d\u1ea5u v\u1ebft nhi\u1ec7t h\u1ecdc, h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tra t\u1ed9i ph\u1ea1m b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p khoa h\u1ecdc.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" 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