{"id":698543,"date":"2024-11-17T10:58:27","date_gmt":"2024-11-17T09:58:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/?p=698543"},"modified":"2024-11-17T10:58:27","modified_gmt":"2024-11-17T09:58:27","slug":"dong-luc-hoc-nhiet-cua-he-thong-chuyen-hoa-nang-luong-nhiet-dai-duong","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/dong-luc-hoc-nhiet-cua-he-thong-chuyen-hoa-nang-luong-nhiet-dai-duong\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0110\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"sidekick\">\u0110\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng: nguy\u00ean l\u00fd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, l\u1ee3i \u00edch v\u00e0 th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c trong vi\u1ec7c khai th\u00e1c n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng bi\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/dong_luc_hoc_nhiet_cua_he_thong_chuyen_hoa_nang_luong_nhiet_dai_duong.png\" alt=\"\u0110\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng\" style=\"display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\"\/><\/p>\n<h2>\u0110\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/h2>\n<p>H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng (OTEC &#8211; Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng s\u1ef1 ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u1eefa n\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u1ea5m \u00e1p c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ea1nh \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p khai th\u00e1c n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ea7y ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u1edf c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi.<\/p>\n<h2>Nguy\u00ean l\u00fd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a OTEC<\/h2>\n<p>H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng OTEC ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean nguy\u00ean l\u00fd Carnot, l\u00e0 chu tr\u00ecnh nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng cho qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n<p><u1><\/p>\n<li>N\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 kho\u1ea3ng 25-30\u00b0C.<\/li>\n<li>N\u01b0\u1edbc \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u kho\u1ea3ng 1000 m\u00e9t c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 kho\u1ea3ng 5\u00b0C ho\u1eb7c th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n.<\/li>\n<p><\/u1><\/p>\n<p>Chu tr\u00ecnh nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng OTEC g\u1ed3m ba giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ch\u00ednh: h\u00f3a h\u01a1i, l\u00e0m l\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 ng\u01b0ng t\u1ee5.<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>N\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n \u1ea5m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u01a1m qua b\u1ed9 trao \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t, n\u01a1i ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00f4i th\u1ea5p nh\u01b0 ammonia (NH<sub>3<\/sub>) ho\u1eb7c propane b\u1ecb h\u00f3a h\u01a1i.<\/li>\n<li>H\u01a1i n\u00e0y sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1eabn qua m\u1ed9t tuabin, l\u00e0m quay tuabin v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/li>\n<li>N\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n l\u1ea1nh s\u00e2u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u01a1m qua b\u1ed9 trao \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t th\u1ee9 hai \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m ng\u01b0ng t\u1ee5 h\u01a1i \u0111\u00e3 qua tuabin tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>Hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a OTEC<\/h2>\n<p>Hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng OTEC \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t Carnot:<\/p>\n<p><i>Hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t Carnot (\\(\\eta_{Carnot}\\)) = \\frac{T_{n\u00f3ng} &#8211; T_{l\u1ea1nh}}{T_{n\u00f3ng}}<\/i><\/p>\n<p>\u1ede \u0111\u00e2y:<\/p>\n<p><u1><\/p>\n<li>T<sub>n\u00f3ng<\/sub> l\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t.<\/li>\n<li>T<sub>l\u1ea1nh<\/sub> l\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n s\u00e2u.<\/li>\n<p><\/u1><\/p>\n<p>V\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ea5y trong c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng OTEC, hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t Carnot nhi\u1ec1u khi n\u1eb1m trong kho\u1ea3ng 3% \u0111\u1ebfn 7%. Tuy r\u1eb1ng hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng cao so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i m\u00e1y ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00e1c, nh\u01b0ng ngu\u1ed3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y l\u00e0 v\u00f4 t\u1eadn v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n<h2>\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a OTEC<\/h2>\n<p>C\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng OTEC c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ef3 v\u1ecdng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p ngu\u1ed3n n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ecdt khi \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 kh\u1eed mu\u1ed1i (desalination) t\u1eeb n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n. Ngo\u00e0i ra, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ea1nh s\u00e2u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m l\u1ea1nh c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh trong c\u00e1c khu \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb ven bi\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n<p>D\u00f9 c\u00f2n nhi\u1ec1u th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c nh\u01b0 chi ph\u00ed \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 ban \u0111\u1ea7u cao v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng bi\u1ec3n, OTEC v\u1eabn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111i \u0111\u00e1ng qu\u00fd trong chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0110\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng: nguy\u00ean l\u00fd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, l\u1ee3i \u00edch v\u00e0 th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c trong vi\u1ec7c khai th\u00e1c n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng bi\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[132],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v15.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>\u0110\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u0110\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng: nguy\u00ean l\u00fd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, l\u1ee3i \u00edch v\u00e0 th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c trong vi\u1ec7c khai th\u00e1c n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng bi\u1ec3n.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/dong-luc-hoc-nhiet-cua-he-thong-chuyen-hoa-nang-luong-nhiet-dai-duong\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"vi_VN\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u0110\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u0110\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng: nguy\u00ean l\u00fd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, l\u1ee3i \u00edch v\u00e0 th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c trong vi\u1ec7c khai th\u00e1c n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng bi\u1ec3n.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/dong-luc-hoc-nhiet-cua-he-thong-chuyen-hoa-nang-luong-nhiet-dai-duong\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Thermal Engineering\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2024-11-17T09:58:27+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/dong_luc_hoc_nhiet_cua_he_thong_chuyen_hoa_nang_luong_nhiet_dai_duong.png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\">\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Nick Connor\">\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\">\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutes\">\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/fr\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/fr\/\",\"name\":\"Thermal Engineering\",\"description\":\"\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/fr\/?s={search_term_string}\",\"query-input\":\"required name=search_term_string\"}],\"inLanguage\":\"vi-VN\"},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/dong-luc-hoc-nhiet-cua-he-thong-chuyen-hoa-nang-luong-nhiet-dai-duong\/#primaryimage\",\"inLanguage\":\"vi-VN\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/dong_luc_hoc_nhiet_cua_he_thong_chuyen_hoa_nang_luong_nhiet_dai_duong.png\",\"width\":1000,\"height\":1000,\"caption\":\"\\u0110\\u1ed9ng l\\u1ef1c h\\u1ecdc nhi\\u1ec7t c\\u1ee7a h\\u1ec7 th\\u1ed1ng chuy\\u1ec3n h\\u00f3a n\\u0103ng l\\u01b0\\u1ee3ng nhi\\u1ec7t \\u0111\\u1ea1i d\\u01b0\\u01a1ng\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/dong-luc-hoc-nhiet-cua-he-thong-chuyen-hoa-nang-luong-nhiet-dai-duong\/#webpage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/dong-luc-hoc-nhiet-cua-he-thong-chuyen-hoa-nang-luong-nhiet-dai-duong\/\",\"name\":\"\\u0110\\u1ed9ng l\\u1ef1c h\\u1ecdc nhi\\u1ec7t c\\u1ee7a h\\u1ec7 th\\u1ed1ng chuy\\u1ec3n h\\u00f3a n\\u0103ng l\\u01b0\\u1ee3ng nhi\\u1ec7t \\u0111\\u1ea1i d\\u01b0\\u01a1ng\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/fr\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/dong-luc-hoc-nhiet-cua-he-thong-chuyen-hoa-nang-luong-nhiet-dai-duong\/#primaryimage\"},\"datePublished\":\"2024-11-17T09:58:27+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2024-11-17T09:58:27+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/fr\/#\/schema\/person\/e8c544db9afedaec8574d6464f9398bb\"},\"description\":\"\\u0110\\u1ed9ng l\\u1ef1c h\\u1ecdc nhi\\u1ec7t c\\u1ee7a h\\u1ec7 th\\u1ed1ng chuy\\u1ec3n h\\u00f3a n\\u0103ng l\\u01b0\\u1ee3ng nhi\\u1ec7t \\u0111\\u1ea1i d\\u01b0\\u01a1ng: nguy\\u00ean l\\u00fd ho\\u1ea1t \\u0111\\u1ed9ng, l\\u1ee3i \\u00edch v\\u00e0 th\\u00e1ch th\\u1ee9c trong vi\\u1ec7c khai th\\u00e1c n\\u0103ng l\\u01b0\\u1ee3ng bi\\u1ec3n.\",\"inLanguage\":\"vi-VN\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/dong-luc-hoc-nhiet-cua-he-thong-chuyen-hoa-nang-luong-nhiet-dai-duong\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/fr\/#\/schema\/person\/e8c544db9afedaec8574d6464f9398bb\",\"name\":\"Nick Connor\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/fr\/#personlogo\",\"inLanguage\":\"vi-VN\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/84c0dec310b44b65da29dc9df6925239?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"Nick Connor\"}}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/698543"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=698543"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/698543\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=698543"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=698543"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=698543"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}