{"id":698818,"date":"2024-10-28T01:49:33","date_gmt":"2024-10-28T00:49:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/?p=698818"},"modified":"2024-10-28T01:49:33","modified_gmt":"2024-10-28T00:49:33","slug":"nhiet-dong-luc-hoc-cua-cac-hien-tuong-khi-quyen","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/nhiet-dong-luc-hoc-cua-cac-hien-tuong-khi-quyen\/","title":{"rendered":"Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n"},"content":{"rendered":"

Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n: Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft, kh\u00ed h\u1eadu v\u00e0 c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean.<\/p>\n

\"Nhi\u1ec7t<\/p>\n

Nhi\u1ec7t \u0110\u1ed9ng L\u1ef1c H\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a C\u00e1c Hi\u1ec7n T\u01b0\u1ee3ng Kh\u00ed Quy\u1ec3n<\/h2>\n

Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt l\u00fd nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng, trong c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u1eadt l\u00fd. Trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n h\u1ecdc, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n nh\u01b0 m\u00e2y, gi\u00f3, b\u00e3o v\u00e0 c\u00e1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft kh\u00e1c. Ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd c\u00f9ng kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y qua b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y.<\/p>\n

Nhi\u1ec7t \u0110\u1ed9 v\u00e0 \u00c1p Su\u1ea5t<\/h2>\n

M\u1ed9t y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng trong nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n l\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 \u00e1p su\u1ea5t. Kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t ch\u1ecbu s\u1ef1 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 \u00e1p su\u1ea5t, t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c d\u00f2ng kh\u00ed v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

  • Nhi\u1ec7t \u0110\u1ed9:<\/b> Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1edfi s\u1ef1 h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi. Khi m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng v\u00e0o b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t, n\u00f3 l\u00e0m n\u00f3ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed tr\u00ean \u0111\u00f3, t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 lu\u1ed3ng di chuy\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a kh\u00ed.<\/li>\n
  • \u00c1p Su\u1ea5t:<\/b> \u00c1p su\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed l\u00e0 tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a c\u1ed9t kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb di\u1ec7n t\u00edch. \u00c1p su\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng gi\u1ea3m theo \u0111\u1ed9 cao, g\u00e2y ra c\u00e1c d\u00f2ng kh\u00ed chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb khu v\u1ef1c \u00e1p su\u1ea5t cao sang khu v\u1ef1c \u00e1p su\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p.<\/li>\n

    <\/u1><\/p>\n

    Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng Tr\u00ecnh Tr\u1ea1ng Th\u00e1i<\/h2>\n

    Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i c\u1ee7a kh\u00ed l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng (Ideal Gas Law) l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebfu:<\/p>\n

    PV = nRT<\/i><\/p>\n

    Trong \u0111\u00f3:<\/p>\n

    <\/p>\n

  • P<\/i> l\u00e0 \u00e1p su\u1ea5t<\/li>\n
  • V<\/i> l\u00e0 th\u1ec3 t\u00edch<\/li>\n
  • n<\/i> l\u00e0 s\u1ed1 mol<\/li>\n
  • R<\/i> l\u00e0 h\u1eb1ng s\u1ed1 kh\u00ed l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/li>\n
  • T<\/i> l\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i (\u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb Kelvin)<\/li>\n

    <\/o1><\/p>\n

    Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y gi\u00fap hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch \u00e1p su\u1ea5t, th\u1ec3 t\u00edch v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi nhau trong c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n

    Hi\u1ec7n T\u01b0\u1ee3ng Nhi\u1ec7t \u0110\u1ed9ng L\u1ef1c H\u1ecdc Trong Kh\u00ed Quy\u1ec3n<\/h2>\n

    M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n

    <\/p>\n

  • \u0110\u1ed1i L\u01b0u:<\/b> \u0110\u1ed1i l\u01b0u x\u1ea3y ra khi kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed \u1ea5m t\u1eeb b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t n\u1ed5i l\u00ean v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed l\u1ea1nh t\u1eeb ph\u00eda tr\u00ean ch\u00ecm xu\u1ed1ng. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn m\u01b0a.<\/li>\n
  • Gi\u00f3:<\/b> Gi\u00f3 l\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch \u00e1p su\u1ea5t trong kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n. Kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed di chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb khu v\u1ef1c c\u00f3 \u00e1p su\u1ea5t cao sang khu v\u1ef1c c\u00f3 \u00e1p su\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p, t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh gi\u00f3.<\/li>\n
  • B\u00e3o:<\/b> B\u00e3o l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra b\u1edfi s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p gi\u1eefa \u00e1p su\u1ea5t, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m. N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng khu v\u1ef1c nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao cung c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c cho c\u00e1c c\u01a1n b\u00e3o ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n.<\/li>\n

    <\/u1><\/p>\n

    K\u1ebft Lu\u1eadn<\/h2>\n

    Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n. Qua vi\u1ec7c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9, \u00e1p su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 c\u00e1c quy lu\u1eadt nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch v\u00e0 d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n cho nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft m\u00e0 c\u00f2n n\u00e2ng cao hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta v\u1ec1 h\u00e0nh tinh m\u00ecnh \u1edf.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n: Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft, kh\u00ed h\u1eadu v\u00e0 c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[132],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\nNhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n: Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft, kh\u00ed h\u1eadu v\u00e0 c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/nhiet-dong-luc-hoc-cua-cac-hien-tuong-khi-quyen\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"vi_VN\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n: Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft, kh\u00ed h\u1eadu v\u00e0 c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean.\" \/>\n<meta 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