{"id":699208,"date":"2024-10-16T18:41:45","date_gmt":"2024-10-16T17:41:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/?p=699208"},"modified":"2024-10-16T18:41:45","modified_gmt":"2024-10-16T17:41:45","slug":"luu-tru-nang-luong-nhiet-bang-vat-lieu-chuyen-pha","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/luu-tru-nang-luong-nhiet-bang-vat-lieu-chuyen-pha\/","title":{"rendered":"L\u01b0u tr\u1eef n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec7t b\u1eb1ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u chuy\u1ec3n pha"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"sidekick\">L\u01b0u tr\u1eef n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec7t b\u1eb1ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u chuy\u1ec3n pha: Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 c\u00e1ch t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec7t n\u0103ng nh\u1edd v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, gi\u00fap t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a v\u00e0 ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/luu_tru_nang_luong_nhiet_bang_vat_lieu_chuyen_pha.png\" alt=\"L\u01b0u tr\u1eef n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec7t b\u1eb1ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u chuy\u1ec3n pha\" style=\"display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\"\/><\/p>\n<h2>L\u01b0u tr\u1eef n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec7t b\u1eb1ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u chuy\u1ec3n pha<\/h2>\n<p>Trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nhi\u1ec7t, l\u01b0u tr\u1eef n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 quan tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n. M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u01b0u tr\u1eef n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u chuy\u1ec3n pha (PCM &#8211; Phase Change Materials). PCM l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ch\u1ea5t c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng khi ch\u00fang chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i r\u1eafn sang l\u1ecfng ho\u1eb7c t\u1eeb l\u1ecfng sang r\u1eafn.<\/p>\n<h2>Nguy\u00ean l\u00fd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a PCM<\/h2>\n<p>Khi v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u chuy\u1ec3n pha ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 chuy\u1ec3n pha c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, n\u00f3 s\u1ebd h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i r\u1eafn sang l\u1ecfng. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chuy\u1ec3n pha n\u00e0y h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u trong su\u1ed1t giai \u0111o\u1ea1n chuy\u1ec3n pha. Khi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 xung quanh gi\u1ea3m xu\u1ed1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 chuy\u1ec3n pha, PCM s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i r\u1eafn.<\/p>\n<h2>C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u chuy\u1ec3n pha<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Parafin:<\/strong> Lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0y c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 chuy\u1ec3n pha t\u1eeb 20\u00b0C \u0111\u1ebfn 70\u00b0C, th\u00edch h\u1ee3p cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong nh\u00e0.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Mu\u1ed1i hydrat:<\/strong> Th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u01b0u tr\u1eef nhi\u1ec7t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi v\u00ec c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 chuy\u1ec3n pha cao h\u01a1n kho\u1ea3ng t\u1eeb 35\u00b0C \u0111\u1ebfn 130\u00b0C.<\/li>\n<li><strong>V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u h\u1eefu c\u01a1:<\/strong> Bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c axit b\u00e9o v\u00e0 r\u01b0\u1ee3u, c\u00f3 \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u00e0 th\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a PCM trong th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n<\/h2>\n<p>V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u chuy\u1ec3n pha c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c, bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed:<\/strong> PCM c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap duy tr\u00ec nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh trong nh\u00e0 ho\u1eb7c v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng, gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 cho \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed.<\/li>\n<li><strong>L\u01b0u tr\u1eef nhi\u1ec7t n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi:<\/strong> H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u01b0u tr\u1eef nhi\u1ec7t n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng PCM c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00edch tr\u1eef n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eeb m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi v\u00e0o ban ng\u00e0y v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y v\u00e0o ban \u0111\u00eam ho\u1eb7c khi c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft.<\/li>\n<li><strong>T\u1ee7 l\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 t\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4ng:<\/strong> PCM c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap duy tr\u00ec nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh trong t\u1ee7 l\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 t\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4ng khi m\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>\u01afu v\u00e0 nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a PCM<\/h2>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>\u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m:<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u01b0u tr\u1eef n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/li>\n<li>Gi\u00fap duy tr\u00ec nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh trong m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i.<\/li>\n<li>\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng linh ho\u1ea1t trong nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m:<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>Chi ph\u00ed cao h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p l\u01b0u tr\u1eef n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00e1c.<\/li>\n<li>C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1eb7p kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n trong vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi t\u1eebng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>V\u1edbi nh\u1eefng \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt v\u00e0 ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i, v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u chuy\u1ec3n pha (PCM) \u0111ang l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng thu h\u00fat \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ef1 quan t\u00e2m trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nhi\u1ec7t. S\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y s\u1ebd \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p quan tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>L\u01b0u tr\u1eef n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec7t b\u1eb1ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u chuy\u1ec3n pha: Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 c\u00e1ch t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec7t n\u0103ng nh\u1edd v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, gi\u00fap t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a v\u00e0 ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[132],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v15.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>L\u01b0u 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