{"id":699675,"date":"2024-11-12T15:17:13","date_gmt":"2024-11-12T14:17:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/?p=699675"},"modified":"2024-11-12T15:17:13","modified_gmt":"2024-11-12T14:17:13","slug":"cac-mo-hinh-thoai-mai-nhiet","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/cac-mo-hinh-thoai-mai-nhiet\/","title":{"rendered":"C\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i nhi\u1ec7t"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"sidekick\">C\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i nhi\u1ec7t: Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i v\u1ec1 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c, \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/cac_mo_hinh_thoai_mai_nhiet.png\" alt=\"C\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i nhi\u1ec7t\" style=\"display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\"\/><\/p>\n<h2>C\u00e1c M\u00f4 H\u00ecnh Tho\u1ea3i M\u00e1i Nhi\u1ec7t<\/h2>\n<p>Tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i nhi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c d\u1ec5 ch\u1ecbu c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m th\u00edch h\u1ee3p. C\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i nhi\u1ec7t gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ed1i \u01b0u \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec s\u1ef1 tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n<h2>C\u00e1c Y\u1ebfu T\u1ed1 \u1ea2nh H\u01b0\u1edfng \u0110\u1ebfn Tho\u1ea3i M\u00e1i Nhi\u1ec7t<\/h2>\n<p>C\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 ch\u00ednh \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed<\/li>\n<li>\u0110\u1ed9 \u1ea9m t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i<\/li>\n<li>T\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u00f3<\/li>\n<li>Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 t\u1eeb c\u00e1c b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t xung quanh<\/li>\n<li>Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1eb7c qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>M\u00f4 H\u00ecnh Fanger (PMV-PPD)<\/h2>\n<p>M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh Fanger, c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi t\u00ean g\u1ecdi PMV (Predicted Mean Vote) v\u00e0 PPD (Predicted Percentage of Dissatisfied), l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i nhi\u1ec7t ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>PMV:<\/strong> Ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 trung b\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u00ean thang \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u1eeb -3 (l\u1ea1nh) \u0111\u1ebfn +3 (n\u00f3ng), v\u1edbi 0 bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i nh\u1ea5t.<\/li>\n<li><strong>PPD:<\/strong> Ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i trong m\u1ed9t m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 PMV \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho b\u1edfi:<\/p>\n<p>\\[<br \/>\nPMV = \\left(0.303 e^{-0.036M} + 0.028\\right) \\left( H &#8211; E\\right)<br \/>\n\\]\n<p>trong \u0111\u00f3:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>M l\u00e0 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng (W\/m<sup>2<\/sup>)<\/li>\n<li>H l\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng sinh ra t\u1eeb c\u01a1 th\u1ec3<\/li>\n<li>E l\u00e0 t\u1ed5ng nhi\u1ec7t t\u00f2a do b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i l\u01b0u<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 PPD c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1eeb ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 PMV b\u1eb1ng c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c:<\/p>\n<p>\\[<br \/>\nPPD = 100 &#8211; 95 e^{\\left(-0.03353 PMV^{4} &#8211; 0.2179 PMV^{2}\\right)}<br \/>\n\\]\n<h2>M\u00f4 H\u00ecnh Adaptive<\/h2>\n<p>M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i nhi\u1ec7t adaptive d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng r\u1eb1ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u00edch nghi c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i theo s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng. M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh n\u00e0y th\u00edch h\u1ee3p cho c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean.<\/p>\n<p>Trong m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh n\u00e0y, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i (T<sub>c<\/sub>) c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n<p>\\[<br \/>\nT_{c} = T_{out} + \\alpha<br \/>\n\\]\n<p>trong \u0111\u00f3:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>T<sub>out<\/sub> l\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 trung b\u00ecnh h\u00e0ng th\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i.<\/li>\n<li>\\alpha l\u00e0 h\u1eb1ng s\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh (th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eeb 2\u00b0C \u0111\u1ebfn 3\u00b0C).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>\u1ee8ng D\u1ee5ng C\u00e1c M\u00f4 H\u00ecnh Tho\u1ea3i M\u00e1i Nhi\u1ec7t<\/h2>\n<p>Vi\u1ec7c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i nhi\u1ec7t r\u1ea5t h\u1eefu \u00edch trong thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed v\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng. Ch\u00fang gi\u00fap t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng, nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y, v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng gian s\u1ed1ng, nh\u1eb1m c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac:<\/strong> \u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 th\u00f4ng gi\u00f3 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean t\u1ed1t v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0110i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed:<\/strong> S\u1eafp x\u1ebfp v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng HVAC (Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning) \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u00edch h\u1ee3p.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng:<\/strong> S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Nh\u00ecn chung, vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 v\u00e0 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>C\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i nhi\u1ec7t: Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i v\u1ec1 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c, \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[132],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v15.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>C\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i nhi\u1ec7t<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"C\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i nhi\u1ec7t: Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i v\u1ec1 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c, \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/cac-mo-hinh-thoai-mai-nhiet\/\" 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