{"id":699694,"date":"2024-09-25T17:56:19","date_gmt":"2024-09-25T16:56:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/?p=699694"},"modified":"2024-09-25T17:56:19","modified_gmt":"2024-09-25T16:56:19","slug":"chuyen-giao-nhiet-trong-ky-thuat-det-may","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/chuyen-giao-nhiet-trong-ky-thuat-det-may\/","title":{"rendered":"Chuy\u1ec3n giao nhi\u1ec7t trong k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt d\u1ec7t may"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"sidekick\">Chuy\u1ec3n giao nhi\u1ec7t trong k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt d\u1ec7t may: nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a lu\u1ed3ng nhi\u1ec7t nh\u1eb1m c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m d\u1ec7t may.<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/chuyen_giao_nhiet_trong_ky_thuat_det_may.png\" alt=\"Chuy\u1ec3n giao nhi\u1ec7t trong k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt d\u1ec7t may\" style=\"display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\"\/><\/p>\n<h2>Chuy\u1ec3n Giao Nhi\u1ec7t Trong K\u1ef9 Thu\u1eadt D\u1ec7t May<\/h2>\n<p>K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt d\u1ec7t may l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0nh quan tr\u1ecdng trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. M\u1ed9t y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m d\u1ec7t may l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chuy\u1ec3n giao nhi\u1ec7t. Chuy\u1ec3n giao nhi\u1ec7t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n, t\u00ednh th\u1ea9m m\u1ef9 v\u00e0 c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m d\u1ec7t may.<\/p>\n<h2>Nguy\u00ean L\u00fd Chuy\u1ec3n Giao Nhi\u1ec7t<\/h2>\n<p>Chuy\u1ec3n giao nhi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n t\u1eeb n\u01a1i c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao h\u01a1n sang n\u01a1i c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n. Trong k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt d\u1ec7t may, qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y x\u1ea3y ra qua ba h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c ch\u00ednh:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Truy\u1ec1n d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t (<i>Conduction<\/i>)<\/li>\n<li>\u0110\u1ed1i l\u01b0u nhi\u1ec7t (<i>Convection<\/i>)<\/li>\n<li>B\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 nhi\u1ec7t (<i>Radiation<\/i>)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Truy\u1ec1n D\u1eabn Nhi\u1ec7t<\/h2>\n<p>Truy\u1ec1n d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n t\u1eeb ph\u00e2n t\u1eed n\u00e0y sang ph\u00e2n t\u1eed kh\u00e1c th\u00f4ng qua va ch\u1ea1m tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp. Trong ng\u00e0nh d\u1ec7t may, qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p trong c\u00e1c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n x\u1eed l\u00fd nhi\u1ec7t nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0 \u1ee7i ho\u1eb7c s\u1ea5y kh\u00f4 v\u1ea3i.<\/p>\n<p>Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a Fourier:<\/p>\n<p><i>Q = -k \\cdot A \\cdot \\frac{dT}{dx}<\/i><\/p>\n<p>Trong \u0111\u00f3:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><i>Q<\/i>: L\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec7t truy\u1ec1n (W)<\/li>\n<li><i>k<\/i>: H\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t (W\/m\u00b7K)<\/li>\n<li><i>A<\/i>: Di\u1ec7n t\u00edch b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t (m<sup>2<\/sup>)<\/li>\n<li><i>\\frac{dT}{dx}<\/i>: Gradient nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 (K\/m)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>\u0110\u1ed1i L\u01b0u Nhi\u1ec7t<\/h2>\n<p>\u0110\u1ed1i l\u01b0u nhi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t qua ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng ho\u1eb7c kh\u00ed, th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed, d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y \u0111\u1ed1i l\u01b0u. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed1i l\u01b0u th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p nh\u1ea5t trong k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt d\u1ec7t may l\u00e0 s\u1ea5y kh\u00f4 v\u1ea3i b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch cho kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed n\u00f3ng th\u1ed5i qua v\u1ea3i.<\/p>\n<p>Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed1i l\u01b0u nhi\u1ec7t c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n:<\/p>\n<p><i>Q = h \\cdot A \\cdot (T_s &#8211; T_{\u221e})<\/i><\/p>\n<p>Trong \u0111\u00f3:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><i>Q<\/i>: L\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec7t truy\u1ec1n (W)<\/li>\n<li><i>h<\/i>: H\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ed1i l\u01b0u nhi\u1ec7t (W\/m<sup>2<\/sup>\u00b7K)<\/li>\n<li><i>A<\/i>: Di\u1ec7n t\u00edch b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t (m<sup>2<\/sup>)<\/li>\n<li><i>T_s<\/i>: Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t (K)<\/li>\n<li><i>T_\u221e<\/i>: Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed xa c\u00e1ch b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t (K)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>B\u1ee9c X\u1ea1 Nhi\u1ec7t<\/h2>\n<p>B\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 nhi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng s\u00f3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eeb, m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng trung gian. Trong k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt d\u1ec7t may, b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 nhi\u1ec7t th\u01b0\u1eddng x\u1ea3y ra khi v\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u01a1i n\u1eafng ho\u1eb7c trong c\u00e1c l\u00f2 s\u1ea5y nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao.<\/p>\n<p>Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 nhi\u1ec7t theo \u0111\u1ecbnh lu\u1eadt Stefan-Boltzmann:<\/p>\n<p><i>Q = \u03b5 \\cdot \u03c3 \\cdot A \\cdot (T_s^4 &#8211; T_{sur}^4)<\/i><\/p>\n<p>Trong \u0111\u00f3:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><i>Q<\/i>: L\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec7t truy\u1ec1n (W)<\/li>\n<li><i>\u03b5<\/i>: H\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 ph\u00e1t x\u1ea1 c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u<\/li>\n<li><i>\u03c3<\/i>: H\u1eb1ng s\u1ed1 Stefan-Boltzmann (5.670374419 \u00d7 10<sup>-8<\/sup> W\/m<sup>2<\/sup>\u00b7K<sup>4<\/sup>)<\/li>\n<li><i>A<\/i>: Di\u1ec7n t\u00edch b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t (m<sup>2<\/sup>)<\/li>\n<li><i>T_s<\/i>: Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t (K)<\/li>\n<li><i>T_{sur}<\/i>: Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng xung quanh (K)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>\u1ee8ng D\u1ee5ng Th\u1ef1c T\u1ebf<\/h2>\n<p>Vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chuy\u1ec3n giao nhi\u1ec7t gi\u00fap k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 d\u1ec7t may c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a quy tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n l\u00f2 s\u1ea5y hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t cao.<\/li>\n<li>C\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 l\u00e0 \u1ee7i \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u hao h\u1ee5t nhi\u1ec7t.<\/li>\n<li>N\u00e2ng c\u1ea5p h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u00f4ng gi\u00f3 v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 trong nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>K\u1ebft h\u1ee3p ba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c chuy\u1ec3n giao nhi\u1ec7t tr\u00ean, k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt d\u1ec7t may ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 cao h\u01a1n, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 gi\u00fap n\u00e2ng cao ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m m\u00e0 c\u00f2n ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Chuy\u1ec3n giao nhi\u1ec7t trong k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt d\u1ec7t may: nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a lu\u1ed3ng nhi\u1ec7t nh\u1eb1m c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m d\u1ec7t may.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[132],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v15.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Chuy\u1ec3n giao nhi\u1ec7t trong k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt d\u1ec7t may<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Chuy\u1ec3n giao nhi\u1ec7t trong k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt d\u1ec7t may: nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a lu\u1ed3ng nhi\u1ec7t nh\u1eb1m c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m d\u1ec7t may.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, 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