{"id":700198,"date":"2024-09-03T04:24:12","date_gmt":"2024-09-03T03:24:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/?p=700198"},"modified":"2024-09-03T04:24:12","modified_gmt":"2024-09-03T03:24:12","slug":"kha-nang-dan-nhiet-cua-vat-lieu-cach-nhiet","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/kha-nang-dan-nhiet-cua-vat-lieu-cach-nhiet\/","title":{"rendered":"Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"sidekick\">Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t: T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1ch c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n s\u1ef1 truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t, c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m chi ph\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/kha_nang_dan_nhiet_cua_vat_lieu_cach_nhiet.png\" alt=\"Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t\" style=\"display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\"\/><\/p>\n<h2>Kh\u1ea3 N\u0103ng D\u1eabn Nhi\u1ec7t C\u1ee7a V\u1eadt Li\u1ec7u C\u00e1ch Nhi\u1ec7t<\/h2>\n<p>Trong ng\u00e0nh k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nhi\u1ec7t, vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng. Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem x\u00e9t khi l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0110\u1ecbnh Ngh\u0129a Kh\u1ea3 N\u0103ng D\u1eabn Nhi\u1ec7t<\/h2>\n<p>Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u (c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1eb1ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec7t (Q) c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n qua m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb di\u1ec7n t\u00edch (A) c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00f3 trong m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb th\u1eddi gian (t) khi c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 (\u0394T) gi\u1eefa hai m\u1eb7t ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac. C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c t\u00ednh kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n<p>\\[<br \/>\nQ = \\frac{k \\cdot A \\cdot \\Delta T}{d}<br \/>\n\\]\n<ul>\n<li><b>Q<\/b> l\u00e0 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec7t truy\u1ec1n qua v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u (W).<\/li>\n<li><b>k<\/b> l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u (W\/(m\u00b7K)).<\/li>\n<li><b>A<\/b> l\u00e0 di\u1ec7n t\u00edch ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac (m\u00b2).<\/li>\n<li><b>\u0394T<\/b> l\u00e0 ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 (K).<\/li>\n<li><b>d<\/b> l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u (m).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>C\u00e1c Lo\u1ea1i V\u1eadt Li\u1ec7u C\u00e1ch Nhi\u1ec7t Th\u01b0\u1eddng G\u1eb7p<\/h2>\n<p>M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><b>B\u00f4ng th\u1ee7y tinh (Glass wool):<\/b> m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t kho\u1ea3ng t\u1eeb 0.03 \u0111\u1ebfn 0.04 W\/(m\u00b7K).<\/li>\n<li><b>B\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1 (Rock wool):<\/b> h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0y c\u0169ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 b\u00f4ng th\u1ee7y tinh, kho\u1ea3ng t\u1eeb 0.035 \u0111\u1ebfn 0.045 W\/(m\u00b7K).<\/li>\n<li><b>Polyurethane foam:<\/b> c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t r\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p, t\u1eeb 0.02 \u0111\u1ebfn 0.03 W\/(m\u00b7K), do \u0111\u00f3 n\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 nh\u1ea5t.<\/li>\n<li><b>Polystyrene (EPS, XPS):<\/b> h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t t\u1eeb 0.03 \u0111\u1ebfn 0.04 W\/(m\u00b7K).<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>\u1ee8ng D\u1ee5ng C\u1ee7a V\u1eadt Li\u1ec7u C\u00e1ch Nhi\u1ec7t<\/h2>\n<p>V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c, bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b>X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng: <\/b>c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t cho t\u01b0\u1eddng, m\u00e1i v\u00e0 s\u00e0n nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u00ean trong c\u00e1c t\u00f2a nh\u00e0.<\/li>\n<li><b>C\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p: <\/b>c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t cho c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn, l\u00f2 h\u01a1i v\u00e0 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00e1c nh\u1eb1m gi\u1ea3m s\u1ef1 m\u1ea5t m\u00e1t nhi\u1ec7t.<\/li>\n<li><b>\u0110\u00f3ng t\u00e0u v\u00e0 xe: <\/b>c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t cho cabin t\u00e0u th\u1ee7y v\u00e0 xe t\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o s\u1ef1 tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 kh\u1ecfi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>K\u1ebft Lu\u1eadn<\/h2>\n<p>Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t kh\u00e1c nhau. Hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 v\u1ec1 h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn s\u1ebd gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t: T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1ch c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n s\u1ef1 truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t, c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m chi ph\u00ed.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[132],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v15.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ 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