{"id":700616,"date":"2024-10-25T13:41:52","date_gmt":"2024-10-25T12:41:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/?p=700616"},"modified":"2024-10-25T13:41:52","modified_gmt":"2024-10-25T12:41:52","slug":"su-khuech-tan-nhiet-trong-hop-kim","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/su-khuech-tan-nhiet-trong-hop-kim\/","title":{"rendered":"S\u1ef1 khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n nhi\u1ec7t trong h\u1ee3p kim"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"sidekick\">S\u1ef1 khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n nhi\u1ec7t trong h\u1ee3p kim: T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 lan truy\u1ec1n qua c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p kim, \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t trong ng\u00e0nh k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nhi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/su_khuech_tan_nhiet_trong_hop_kim.png\" alt=\"S\u1ef1 khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n nhi\u1ec7t trong h\u1ee3p kim\" style=\"display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\"\/><\/p>\n<h2>S\u1ef1 Khu\u1ebfch T\u00e1n Nhi\u1ec7t Trong H\u1ee3p Kim<\/h2>\n<p>S\u1ef1 khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n nhi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng quan tr\u1ecdng trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p kim. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1ch n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec7t (d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng s\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eed v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u1eed) truy\u1ec1n qua v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u. Trong c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p kim, s\u1ef1 khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n nhi\u1ec7t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1edfi nhi\u1ec1u y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c nhau nh\u01b0 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac tinh th\u1ec3, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t vi m\u00f4 c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng lo\u1ea1i h\u1ee3p kim.<\/p>\n<h2>Nguy\u00ean L\u00fd C\u01a1 B\u1ea3n C\u1ee7a S\u1ef1 Khu\u1ebfch T\u00e1n Nhi\u1ec7t<\/h2>\n<p>Trong v\u1eadt l\u00fd, s\u1ef1 khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n nhi\u1ec7t th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh Fourier v\u1ec1 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t:<\/p>\n<p>q = -k \\(\\nabla\\)T<\/p>\n<p>Trong \u0111\u00f3:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>q l\u00e0 d\u00f2ng nhi\u1ec7t truy\u1ec1n qua v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u (W\/m\u00b2)<\/li>\n<li>k l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u (W\/(m\u00b7K))<\/li>\n<li>\\(\\nabla T\\) l\u00e0 gradient nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 (K\/m)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 r\u1eb1ng d\u00f2ng nhi\u1ec7t truy\u1ec1n t\u1eeb v\u00f9ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00f9ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n, v\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0110\u1eb7c \u0110i\u1ec3m C\u1ee7a S\u1ef1 Khu\u1ebfch T\u00e1n Nhi\u1ec7t Trong H\u1ee3p Kim<\/h2>\n<p>H\u1ee3p kim l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a hai ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec1u nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t kim lo\u1ea1i ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 l\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed pha t\u1ea1p. T\u00ednh d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a h\u1ee3p kim th\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c kim lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ea7n v\u00ec c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 sau:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>S\u1ef1 R\u1ed1i Lo\u1ea1n C\u1ea5u Tr\u00fac:<\/strong> C\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eed pha t\u1ea1p trong h\u1ee3p kim g\u00e2y ra s\u1ef1 r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n trong c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac tinh th\u1ec3, t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Hi\u1ec7n T\u01b0\u1ee3ng Ph\u00e2n T\u00e1n Phonon:<\/strong> Phonon l\u00e0 c\u00e1c dao \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1ng tinh th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t. Trong h\u1ee3p kim, s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n phonon x\u1ea3y ra do s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t v\u1ec1 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a nguy\u00ean t\u1eed pha t\u1ea1p, l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Th\u00e0nh Ph\u1ea7n H\u00f3a H\u1ecdc:<\/strong> M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t r\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p, khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00eam v\u00e0o h\u1ee3p kim s\u1ebd l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a h\u1ee3p kim \u0111\u00f3.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>\u1ee8ng D\u1ee5ng Th\u1ef1c Ti\u1ec5n C\u1ee7a S\u1ef1 Khu\u1ebfch T\u00e1n Nhi\u1ec7t Trong H\u1ee3p Kim<\/h2>\n<p>S\u1ef1 khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n nhi\u1ec7t trong h\u1ee3p kim c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng quan tr\u1ecdng trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>C\u00f4ng Nghi\u1ec7p \u00d4 T\u00f4:<\/strong> C\u00e1c h\u1ee3p kim nh\u00f4m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 \u00f4 t\u00f4 do \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t t\u1ed1t k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1eb9.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ng\u00e0nh \u0110i\u1ec7n T\u1eed:<\/strong> H\u1ee3p kim \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c t\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed \u0111\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 t\u1eeb c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn n\u00f3ng.<\/li>\n<li><strong>C\u00f4ng Ngh\u1ec7 Ch\u1ebf T\u1ea1o:<\/strong> Trong ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o, h\u1ee3p kim titan \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0a chu\u1ed9ng do kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n cao, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 n\u00f3 c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi nh\u00f4m ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ed3ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>K\u1ebft Lu\u1eadn<\/h2>\n<p>S\u1ef1 khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n nhi\u1ec7t trong h\u1ee3p kim l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng, \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n. Hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 v\u1ec1 c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n nhi\u1ec7t gi\u00fap c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i h\u1ee3p kim m\u1edbi, hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>S\u1ef1 khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n nhi\u1ec7t trong h\u1ee3p kim: T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 lan truy\u1ec1n qua c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p kim, \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t trong ng\u00e0nh k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nhi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[132],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v15.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>S\u1ef1 khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n nhi\u1ec7t trong h\u1ee3p kim<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"S\u1ef1 khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n nhi\u1ec7t trong h\u1ee3p kim: T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 lan truy\u1ec1n qua c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p kim, \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t trong ng\u00e0nh k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nhi\u1ec7t.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/su-khuech-tan-nhiet-trong-hop-kim\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"vi_VN\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"S\u1ef1 khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n nhi\u1ec7t trong h\u1ee3p kim\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"S\u1ef1 khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n nhi\u1ec7t trong h\u1ee3p kim: T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 lan truy\u1ec1n qua c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p kim, \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t trong ng\u00e0nh k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nhi\u1ec7t.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/su-khuech-tan-nhiet-trong-hop-kim\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Thermal Engineering\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2024-10-25T12:41:52+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/su_khuech_tan_nhiet_trong_hop_kim.png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\">\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Nick Connor\">\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\">\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"4 minutes\">\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/fr\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/fr\/\",\"name\":\"Thermal Engineering\",\"description\":\"\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/fr\/?s={search_term_string}\",\"query-input\":\"required name=search_term_string\"}],\"inLanguage\":\"vi-VN\"},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/su-khuech-tan-nhiet-trong-hop-kim\/#primaryimage\",\"inLanguage\":\"vi-VN\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/su_khuech_tan_nhiet_trong_hop_kim.png\",\"width\":1000,\"height\":1000,\"caption\":\"S\\u1ef1 khu\\u1ebfch t\\u00e1n nhi\\u1ec7t trong h\\u1ee3p kim\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/su-khuech-tan-nhiet-trong-hop-kim\/#webpage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/su-khuech-tan-nhiet-trong-hop-kim\/\",\"name\":\"S\\u1ef1 khu\\u1ebfch t\\u00e1n nhi\\u1ec7t trong h\\u1ee3p kim\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/fr\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/su-khuech-tan-nhiet-trong-hop-kim\/#primaryimage\"},\"datePublished\":\"2024-10-25T12:41:52+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2024-10-25T12:41:52+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/fr\/#\/schema\/person\/e8c544db9afedaec8574d6464f9398bb\"},\"description\":\"S\\u1ef1 khu\\u1ebfch t\\u00e1n nhi\\u1ec7t trong h\\u1ee3p kim: T\\u00ecm hi\\u1ec3u c\\u00e1ch nhi\\u1ec7t \\u0111\\u1ed9 lan truy\\u1ec1n qua c\\u00e1c h\\u1ee3p kim, \\u1ee9ng d\\u1ee5ng v\\u00e0 \\u1ea3nh h\\u01b0\\u1edfng \\u0111\\u1ebfn hi\\u1ec7u su\\u1ea5t trong ng\\u00e0nh k\\u1ef9 thu\\u1eadt nhi\\u1ec7t.\",\"inLanguage\":\"vi-VN\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/su-khuech-tan-nhiet-trong-hop-kim\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/fr\/#\/schema\/person\/e8c544db9afedaec8574d6464f9398bb\",\"name\":\"Nick Connor\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/fr\/#personlogo\",\"inLanguage\":\"vi-VN\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/84c0dec310b44b65da29dc9df6925239?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"Nick Connor\"}}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/700616"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=700616"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/700616\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=700616"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=700616"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=700616"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}