{"id":700641,"date":"2024-10-13T03:47:15","date_gmt":"2024-10-13T02:47:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/?p=700641"},"modified":"2024-10-13T03:47:15","modified_gmt":"2024-10-13T02:47:15","slug":"truyen-nhiet-trong-hon-hop-hat-lo-lung-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/truyen-nhiet-trong-hon-hop-hat-lo-lung-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t trong h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p h\u1ea1t l\u01a1 l\u1eedng"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"sidekick\">T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t trong h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p h\u1ea1t l\u01a1 l\u1eedng, c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t di chuy\u1ec3n qua c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t nh\u1ecf trong ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng ho\u1eb7c kh\u00ed v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/truyen_nhiet_trong_hon_hop_hat_lo_lung.png\" alt=\"Truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t trong h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p h\u1ea1t l\u01a1 l\u1eedng\" style=\"display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\"\/><\/p>\n<h2>Truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t trong h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p h\u1ea1t l\u01a1 l\u1eedng<\/h2>\n<p>Truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chuy\u1ec3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec7t t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t v\u00f9ng n\u00e0y sang v\u00f9ng kh\u00e1c. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p h\u1ea1t l\u01a1 l\u1eedng, qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y tr\u1edf n\u00ean ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p h\u01a1n do s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t r\u1eafn trong pha kh\u00ed ho\u1eb7c l\u1ecfng. C\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 n\u00e0y \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t:<\/strong> Truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra th\u00f4ng qua ba c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf ch\u00ednh: d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t, \u0111\u1ed1i l\u01b0u, v\u00e0 b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1.<\/li>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>D\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t:<\/strong> X\u1ea3y ra khi n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec7t chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n t\u1eed n\u00f3ng h\u01a1n sang c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n t\u1eed l\u1ea1nh h\u01a1n. Trong h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p h\u1ea1t l\u01a1 l\u1eedng, c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t r\u1eafn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi pha kh\u00ed ho\u1eb7c l\u1ecfng xung quanh.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0110\u1ed1i l\u01b0u:<\/strong> L\u00e0 s\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a pha l\u1ecfng ho\u1eb7c kh\u00ed m\u00e0 mang theo n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec7t. C\u00e1c h\u1ea1t l\u01a1 l\u1eedng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y v\u00e0 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed1i l\u01b0u.<\/li>\n<li><strong>B\u1ee9c x\u1ea1:<\/strong> X\u1ea3y ra khi n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n qua s\u00f3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eeb. H\u1ea1t r\u1eafn trong h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t x\u1ea1 nhi\u1ec7t, \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>\u1ea2nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a h\u1ea1t l\u01a1 l\u1eedng \u0111\u1ebfn truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t<\/h2>\n<p>S\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a h\u1ea1t l\u01a1 l\u1eedng trong m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0u (kh\u00ed ho\u1eb7c l\u1ecfng) s\u1ebd l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e1c t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p \u0111\u00f3. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u1ea7n xem x\u00e9t bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0110\u1ed9 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a h\u1ea1t:<\/strong> C\u00e1c h\u1ea1t r\u1eafn th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t cao h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi pha xung quanh, do \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p.<\/li>\n<li><strong>K\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng h\u1ea1t:<\/strong> H\u1ea1t c\u00e0ng nh\u1ecf v\u00e0 c\u00e0ng c\u00f3 h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng c\u1ea7u s\u1ebd d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec1u h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi h\u1ea1t l\u1edbn v\u00e0 c\u00f3 h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u.<\/li>\n<li><strong>N\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 h\u1ea1t:<\/strong> N\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 h\u1ea1t l\u01a1 l\u1eedng c\u00e0ng cao s\u1ebd c\u00e0ng l\u00e0m t\u0103ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t th\u00f4ng qua c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf va ch\u1ea1m v\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t.<\/li>\n<li><strong>T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t:<\/strong> S\u1ef1 va ch\u1ea1m v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t l\u01a1 l\u1eedng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ebfn c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t. C\u00e1c h\u1ea1t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t cho nhau th\u00f4ng qua ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp, l\u00e0m t\u0103ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t trong h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p h\u1ea1t l\u01a1 l\u1eedng<\/h2>\n<p>\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p h\u1ea1t l\u01a1 l\u1eedng, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bao g\u1ed3m nhi\u1ec1u y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c nhau. M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n l\u00e0:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\n    q = -k \\frac{dT}{dx}\n<\/p>\n<p>Trong \u0111\u00f3:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>q: L\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec7t (W\/m<sup>2<\/sup>)<\/li>\n<li>k: H\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p (W\/m\u00b7K)<\/li>\n<li>dT\/dx: Gradient nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 (K\/m)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p h\u1ea1t l\u01a1 l\u1eedng, h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 k th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thay th\u1ebf b\u1eb1ng h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 hi\u1ec7u ch\u1ec9nh k<sub>eff<\/sub>, t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t r\u1eafn v\u00e0 pha kh\u00ed ho\u1eb7c l\u1ecfng.<\/p>\n<h2>K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/h2>\n<p>Truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t trong h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p h\u1ea1t l\u01a1 l\u1eedng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u00e0 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn trong nhi\u1ec1u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, t\u1eeb ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ebfn k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng. Hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf v\u00e0 c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t trong h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p h\u1ea1t l\u01a1 l\u1eedng gi\u00fap c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t trong h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p h\u1ea1t l\u01a1 l\u1eedng, c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t di chuy\u1ec3n qua c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t nh\u1ecf trong ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng ho\u1eb7c kh\u00ed v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[132],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v15.4 - 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