{"id":701007,"date":"2024-11-13T04:34:03","date_gmt":"2024-11-13T03:34:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/?p=701007"},"modified":"2024-11-13T04:34:03","modified_gmt":"2024-11-13T03:34:03","slug":"truyen-nhiet-trong-he-thong-luu-tru-da","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/truyen-nhiet-trong-he-thong-luu-tru-da\/","title":{"rendered":"Truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u01b0u tr\u1eef \u0111\u00e1"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"sidekick\">Truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u01b0u tr\u1eef \u0111\u00e1: Hi\u1ec3u quy tr\u00ecnh truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 trong vi\u1ec7c l\u01b0u tr\u1eef n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/truyen_nhiet_trong_he_thong_luu_tru_da.png\" alt=\"Truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u01b0u tr\u1eef \u0111\u00e1\" style=\"display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\"\/><\/p>\n<h2>Truy\u1ec1n Nhi\u1ec7t Trong H\u1ec7 Th\u1ed1ng L\u01b0u Tr\u1eef \u0110\u00e1<\/h2>\n<p>H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u01b0u tr\u1eef \u0111\u00e1 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u01b0u tr\u1eef v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec7t trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 d\u00e2n d\u1ee5ng. Truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ed1t y\u1ebfu trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y, th\u00f4ng qua vi\u1ec7c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec7t t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e1 \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng xung quanh ho\u1eb7c ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n<h2>Nguy\u00ean L\u00fd Truy\u1ec1n Nhi\u1ec7t<\/h2>\n<p>Truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec7t t\u1eeb n\u01a1i c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao sang n\u01a1i c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n. C\u00f3 ba h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t ch\u00ednh:<\/p>\n<p><u1><\/p>\n<li>D\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t (Conduction): X\u1ea3y ra trong c\u00e1c v\u1eadt r\u1eafn khi c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t qua chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n t\u1eed ho\u1eb7c nguy\u00ean t\u1eed.<\/li>\n<li>\u0110\u1ed1i l\u01b0u (Convection): X\u1ea3y ra trong c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng v\u00e0 kh\u00ed khi s\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea5t mang nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y.<\/li>\n<li>B\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 nhi\u1ec7t (Radiation): Truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t qua kh\u00f4ng gian d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng s\u00f3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eeb m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t.<\/li>\n<p><\/u1><\/p>\n<h2>\u1ee8ng D\u1ee5ng Trong H\u1ec7 Th\u1ed1ng L\u01b0u Tr\u1eef \u0110\u00e1<\/h2>\n<p>Trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u01b0u tr\u1eef \u0111\u00e1, c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean l\u00fd truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 n\u1ea1p v\u00e0 x\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec7t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1:<\/p>\n<p><u1><\/p>\n<li>Khoang l\u01b0u tr\u1eef ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u00e1 (\u0111\u00e1 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u00e1 t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p)<\/li>\n<li>H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t<\/li>\n<li>C\u00e1c b\u1ed9 trao \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t<\/li>\n<p><\/u1><\/p>\n<h2>C\u01a1 Ch\u1ebf Ho\u1ea1t \u0110\u1ed9ng<\/h2>\n<p>Khi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u1ea1p n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, nhi\u1ec7t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eeb ngu\u1ed3n nhi\u1ec7t (nh\u01b0 n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00f3ng ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed n\u00f3ng) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1eabn qua h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn v\u00e0 trao \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00e0o khoang ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u00e1. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu th\u00f4ng qua \u0111\u1ed1i l\u01b0u v\u00e0 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, khi c\u1ea7n x\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, nhi\u1ec7t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00edch tr\u1eef trong \u0111\u00e1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng v\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n<p>Vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u01b0u tr\u1eef \u0111\u00e1 c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i xem x\u00e9t c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 nh\u01b0:<\/p>\n<p><u1><\/p>\n<li>T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00e1 (\u0111\u1ed9 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t, nhi\u1ec7t dung ri\u00eang\u2026)<\/li>\n<li>Lu\u1ed3ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed ho\u1eb7c n\u01b0\u1edbc qua h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng<\/li>\n<li>C\u00e1ch b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 trao \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t<\/li>\n<p><\/u1><\/p>\n<h2>C\u00f4ng Th\u1ee9c T\u00ednh To\u00e1n<\/h2>\n<p>Trong t\u00ednh to\u00e1n truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u01b0u tr\u1eef \u0111\u00e1, ch\u00fang ta s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n, nh\u01b0:<\/p>\n<p>C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t:<\/p>\n<p>q = -k*A*\\(\\frac {dT} {dx}\\)<\/p>\n<p>Trong \u0111\u00f3:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>q: d\u00f2ng nhi\u1ec7t (W)<\/li>\n<li>k: h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t (W\/mK)<\/li>\n<li>A: di\u1ec7n t\u00edch b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t (m<sup>2<\/sup>)<\/li>\n<li>dT\/dx: gradient nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 theo kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch (K\/m)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed1i l\u01b0u, ch\u00fang ta s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c Newto:<\/p>\n<p>q = hA(T<sub>s<\/sub> &#8211; T<sub>\u221e<\/sub>)<\/p>\n<p>Trong \u0111\u00f3:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>h: h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i l\u01b0u (W\/m<sup>2<\/sup>K)<\/li>\n<li>T<sub>s<\/sub>: nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t (K)<\/li>\n<li>T<sub>\u221e<\/sub>: nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng xung quanh (K)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>K\u1ebft Lu\u1eadn<\/h2>\n<p>Truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u01b0u tr\u1eef \u0111\u00e1 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh quan tr\u1ecdng gi\u00fap t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a vi\u1ec7c l\u01b0u tr\u1eef v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec7t. Hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean l\u00fd truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng ch\u00fang trong thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u1ebd gi\u00fap n\u00e2ng cao hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u01b0u tr\u1eef \u0111\u00e1.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u01b0u tr\u1eef \u0111\u00e1: Hi\u1ec3u quy tr\u00ecnh truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 trong vi\u1ec7c l\u01b0u tr\u1eef n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[132],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v15.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ 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