{"id":702347,"date":"2024-08-04T04:22:44","date_gmt":"2024-08-04T03:22:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/?p=702347"},"modified":"2024-08-04T04:22:44","modified_gmt":"2024-08-04T03:22:44","slug":"tam-pin-nhiet-dong-luc-hoc-hieu-suat-ket-hop-nhiet","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/tam-pin-nhiet-dong-luc-hoc-hieu-suat-ket-hop-nhiet\/","title":{"rendered":"T\u1ea5m Pin Nhi\u1ec7t \u0110\u1ed9ng L\u1ef1c H\u1ecdc | Hi\u1ec7u Su\u1ea5t K\u1ebft H\u1ee3p Nhi\u1ec7t"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"sidekick\">T\u1ea5m pin nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc: T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p nhi\u1ec7t gi\u00fap t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m chi ph\u00ed v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/tam_pin_nhiet_dong_luc_hoc_hieu_suat_ket_hop_nhiet.png\" alt=\"T\u1ea5m Pin Nhi\u1ec7t \u0110\u1ed9ng L\u1ef1c H\u1ecdc | Hi\u1ec7u Su\u1ea5t K\u1ebft H\u1ee3p Nhi\u1ec7t\" style=\"display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\"\/><\/p>\n<h2>T\u1ea5m Pin Nhi\u1ec7t \u0110\u1ed9ng L\u1ef1c H\u1ecdc | Hi\u1ec7u Su\u1ea5t K\u1ebft H\u1ee3p Nhi\u1ec7t<\/h2>\n<p>Trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nhi\u1ec7t, t\u1ea5m pin nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc (hay c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 t\u1ea5m pin nhi\u1ec7t) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb quan tr\u1ecdng, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec7t th\u00e0nh n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n. Nguy\u00ean l\u00fd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5m pin nhi\u1ec7t d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n (Seebeck effect), trong \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ef1 ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u1eefa hai \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ebf.<\/p>\n<h3>Nguy\u00ean L\u00fd Ho\u1ea1t \u0110\u1ed9ng<\/h3>\n<p>T\u1ea5m pin nhi\u1ec7t bao g\u1ed3m nhi\u1ec1u c\u1eb7p ch\u1ea5t b\u00e1n d\u1eabn lo\u1ea1i P v\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i N b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed xen k\u1ebd nhau. Khi m\u1ed9t ph\u00eda c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5m pin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m n\u00f3ng v\u00e0 ph\u00eda kia \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m l\u1ea1nh, d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sinh ra t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 b\u1eb1ng c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c sau:<\/p>\n<p>\u0394V = S * \u0394T<\/p>\n<p>Trong \u0111\u00f3:<\/p>\n<p><u1><\/p>\n<li>\u0394V l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ebf sinh ra<\/li>\n<li>S l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 Seebeck c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u<\/li>\n<li>\u0394T l\u00e0 ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u1eefa hai \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u<\/li>\n<p><\/u1><\/p>\n<h3>Hi\u1ec7u Su\u1ea5t K\u1ebft H\u1ee3p Nhi\u1ec7t<\/h3>\n<p>Hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5m pin nhi\u1ec7t th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec7t sang \u0111i\u1ec7n. Hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t n\u00e0y ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o nhi\u1ec1u y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1, bao g\u1ed3m v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9, v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5m pin. C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c t\u00ednh hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t \u03b7 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n qua:<\/p>\n<p>\u03b7 = \\(\\frac {P_{out}}{Q_{in}}\\) * 100%<\/p>\n<p>Trong \u0111\u00f3:<\/p>\n<p><u1><\/p>\n<li>P<sub>out<\/sub> l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra<\/li>\n<li>Q<sub>in<\/sub> l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o<\/li>\n<p><\/u1><\/p>\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u ho\u00e1 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5m pin nhi\u1ec7t, vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 Seebeck cao, \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t th\u1ea5p v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n cao l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho t\u1ea5m pin nhi\u1ec7t bao g\u1ed3m Bi<sub>2<\/sub>Te<sub>3<\/sub> (Tellurit Bismuth) v\u00e0 Sb<sub>2<\/sub>Te<sub>3<\/sub> (Tellurit Antimon).<\/p>\n<h3>\u1ee8ng D\u1ee5ng Th\u1ef1c T\u1ebf<\/h3>\n<p>T\u1ea5m pin nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n<p><o1><\/p>\n<li><b>Thu h\u1ed3i nhi\u1ec7t th\u1ea3i:<\/b> T\u1ea5m pin nhi\u1ec7t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t th\u1ea3i t\u1eeb c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n, xe h\u01a1i, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p th\u00e0nh \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u0103ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.<\/li>\n<li><b>Ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n trong kh\u00f4ng gian:<\/b> Trong c\u00e1c chuy\u1ebfn th\u00e1m hi\u1ec3m kh\u00f4ng gian, t\u1ea5m pin nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec7t th\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n.<\/li>\n<li><b>Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed gia d\u1ee5ng:<\/b> M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c m\u00e1y l\u00e0m m\u00e1t ho\u1eb7c l\u00f2 s\u01b0\u1edfi di \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u1ea5m pin nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/li>\n<p><\/o1><\/p>\n<h3>K\u1ebft Lu\u1eadn<\/h3>\n<p>T\u1ea5m pin nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn v\u00e0 h\u1eefu d\u1ee5ng trong vi\u1ec7c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1eeba th\u00e0nh \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u0103ng. Hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed1i \u01b0u ho\u00e1 th\u00f4ng qua vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf t\u1ed1i \u01b0u. V\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng, t\u1ea5m pin nhi\u1ec7t h\u1ee9a h\u1eb9n mang \u0111\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ee3i \u00edch kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>T\u1ea5m pin nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc: T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p nhi\u1ec7t gi\u00fap t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m chi ph\u00ed v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[132],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v15.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>T\u1ea5m Pin Nhi\u1ec7t \u0110\u1ed9ng L\u1ef1c 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