{"id":703018,"date":"2024-09-19T08:21:08","date_gmt":"2024-09-19T07:21:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/?p=703018"},"modified":"2024-09-19T08:21:08","modified_gmt":"2024-09-19T07:21:08","slug":"cam-bien-nhiet-luong-cho-do-luong-nhiet-do","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/cam-bien-nhiet-luong-cho-do-luong-nhiet-do\/","title":{"rendered":"C\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec7t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cho \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"sidekick\">C\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec7t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cho \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9: C\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 quan tr\u1ecdng trong nhi\u1ec7t k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, gi\u00fap \u0111o v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 d\u00e2n d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/cam_bien_nhiet_luong_cho_do_luong_nhiet_do.png\" alt=\"C\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec7t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cho \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9\" style=\"display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\"\/><\/p>\n<h2>C\u1ea3m Bi\u1ebfn Nhi\u1ec7t L\u01b0\u1ee3ng cho \u0110o L\u01b0\u1eddng Nhi\u1ec7t \u0110\u1ed9<\/h2>\n<p>C\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec7t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n quan tr\u1ecdng trong k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nhi\u1ec7t, d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 trong nhi\u1ec1u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1c nhau. C\u00e1c c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn n\u00e0y gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta hi\u1ec3u v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh nhi\u1ec7t trong c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ebfn d\u00e2n d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n<h2>C\u00e1c Lo\u1ea1i C\u1ea3m Bi\u1ebfn Nhi\u1ec7t L\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Thermocouple (C\u1eb7p nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n)<\/li>\n<li>RTD (Resistance Temperature Detector &#8211; C\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf)<\/li>\n<li>Thermistor<\/li>\n<li>IC c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Thermocouple<\/h3>\n<p>Thermocouple l\u00e0 c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i nh\u1ea5t. N\u00f3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng theo Nguy\u00ean l\u00fd Seebeck, trong \u0111\u00f3 hai lo\u1ea1i kim lo\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ed1i l\u1ea1i t\u1ea1o ra \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p thay \u0111\u1ed5i theo nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9.<\/p>\n<p>Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p cho c\u1eb7p nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n:<\/p>\n<p>\\[ E = \\alpha (T_{hot} &#8211; T_{cold}) \\]\n<p>Trong \u0111\u00f3:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>E: \u0110i\u1ec7n \u00e1p<\/li>\n<li>\\(\\alpha\\): H\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 Seebeck c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u<\/li>\n<li>T<sub>hot<\/sub>: Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 n\u1ed1i n\u00f3ng<\/li>\n<li>T<sub>cold<\/sub>: Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 n\u1ed1i l\u1ea1nh<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>RTD (Resistance Temperature Detector)<\/h3>\n<p>C\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn RTD ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u theo nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9. V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 b\u1ea1ch kim do t\u00ednh \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh cao c\u1ee7a n\u00f3.<\/p>\n<p>Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a RTD:<\/p>\n<p>\\[ R(T) = R_0 (1 + \\alpha T) \\]\n<p>Trong \u0111\u00f3:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>R(T): \u0110i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf t\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 T<\/li>\n<li>R<sub>0<\/sub>: \u0110i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf t\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 tham chi\u1ebfu (th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 0\u00b0C)<\/li>\n<li>\\(\\alpha\\): H\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Thermistor<\/h3>\n<p>Thermistor l\u00e0 c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 l\u00e0m t\u1eeb v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u b\u00e1n d\u1eabn, c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf gi\u1ea3m khi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 t\u0103ng (NTC &#8211; Negative Temperature Coefficient) ho\u1eb7c t\u0103ng khi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u1ea3m (PTC &#8211; Positive Temperature Coefficient).<\/p>\n<p>Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a Thermistor lo\u1ea1i NTC:<\/p>\n<p>\\[ R(T) = R_0 e^{\\beta ( \\frac{1}{T} &#8211; \\frac{1}{T_0} )} \\]\n<p>Trong \u0111\u00f3:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>R(T): \u0110i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf t\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 T<\/li>\n<li>R<sub>0<\/sub>: \u0110i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf tham chi\u1ebfu<\/li>\n<li>\\(\\beta\\): H\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng<\/li>\n<li>T<sub>0<\/sub>: Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 tham chi\u1ebfu (th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 25\u00b0C)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>IC C\u1ea3m Bi\u1ebfn Nhi\u1ec7t \u0110\u1ed9<\/h3>\n<p>IC c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c vi m\u1ea1ch t\u00edch h\u1ee3p cung c\u1ea5p t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p hay d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n. Ch\u00fang r\u1ea5t d\u1ec5 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn trong c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng.<\/p>\n<p>M\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn IC l\u00e0 LM35, cho \u0111\u1ea7u ra \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9.<\/p>\n<h2>\u1ee8ng D\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a C\u1ea3m Bi\u1ebfn Nhi\u1ec7t L\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/h2>\n<ol>\n<li>\u0110i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u01b0\u1edfi \u1ea5m<\/li>\n<li>\u00d4 t\u00f4 v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u00e0m m\u00e1t<\/li>\n<li>Ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m<\/li>\n<li>Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed v\u00e0 vi\u1ec5n th\u00f4ng<\/li>\n<li>Y t\u1ebf v\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec7t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 an to\u00e0n trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111a d\u1ea1ng.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>C\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec7t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cho \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9: C\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 quan tr\u1ecdng trong nhi\u1ec7t k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, gi\u00fap \u0111o v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 d\u00e2n d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[132],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v15.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>C\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec7t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cho \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng 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