{"id":703094,"date":"2024-11-25T01:17:46","date_gmt":"2024-11-25T00:17:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/?p=703094"},"modified":"2024-11-25T01:17:46","modified_gmt":"2024-11-25T00:17:46","slug":"may-do-do-dan-nhiet-nguyen-ly-va-kiem-tra-vat-lieu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/may-do-do-dan-nhiet-nguyen-ly-va-kiem-tra-vat-lieu\/","title":{"rendered":"M\u00e1y \u0110o \u0110\u1ed9 D\u1eabn Nhi\u1ec7t | Nguy\u00ean L\u00fd v\u00e0 Ki\u1ec3m Tra V\u1eadt Li\u1ec7u"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"sidekick\">M\u00e1y \u0111o \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t: T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u nguy\u00ean l\u00fd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch ki\u1ec3m tra v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u. Cung c\u1ea5p ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u1ec1 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 quy tr\u00ecnh th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/may_do_do_dan_nhiet_nguyen_ly_va_kiem_tra_vat_lieu.png\" alt=\"M\u00e1y \u0110o \u0110\u1ed9 D\u1eabn Nhi\u1ec7t | Nguy\u00ean L\u00fd v\u00e0 Ki\u1ec3m Tra V\u1eadt Li\u1ec7u\" style=\"display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\"\/><\/p>\n<h2>M\u00e1y \u0110o \u0110\u1ed9 D\u1eabn Nhi\u1ec7t | Nguy\u00ean L\u00fd v\u00e0 Ki\u1ec3m Tra V\u1eadt Li\u1ec7u<\/h2>\n<p>Trong ng\u00e0nh k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nhi\u1ec7t, \u0111o \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t. M\u00e1y \u0111o \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 chuy\u00ean d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 n\u00e0y. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y s\u1ebd gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u nguy\u00ean l\u00fd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y \u0111o \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch ki\u1ec3m tra v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n<h2>Nguy\u00ean L\u00fd Ho\u1ea1t \u0110\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a M\u00e1y \u0110o \u0110\u1ed9 D\u1eabn Nhi\u1ec7t<\/h2>\n<p>M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng c\u00e1ch ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111o \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111o \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t b\u1eb1ng t\u1ea5m c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t (steady-state technique). \u1ede ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y, m\u1eabu v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t gi\u1eefa hai t\u1ea5m c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t. M\u1ed9t t\u1ea5m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m n\u00f3ng l\u00ean v\u00e0 t\u1ea5m c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1eef \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n. S\u1ef1 ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ea1o ra d\u00f2ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i qua m\u1eabu v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u. \u0110\u1ed9 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t \\( k \\) c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh qua c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c:<\/p>\n<p>\n\\[<br \/>\nk = \\frac{Q \\cdot d}{A \\cdot \\Delta T}<br \/>\n\\]\n<\/p>\n<p>Trong \u0111\u00f3:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Q<\/b>: Nhi\u1ec7t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng truy\u1ec1n qua v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u (Watt)<\/li>\n<li><b>d<\/b>: \u0110\u1ed9 d\u00e0y c\u1ee7a m\u1eabu v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u (m)<\/li>\n<li><b>A<\/b>: Di\u1ec7n t\u00edch b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a m\u1eabu v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u (m<sup>2<\/sup>)<\/li>\n<li><b>\\(\\Delta T\\)<\/b>: S\u1ef1 ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u1eefa hai m\u1eb7t m\u1eabu v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u (Kelvin)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Ki\u1ec3m Tra V\u1eadt Li\u1ec7u B\u1eb1ng M\u00e1y \u0110o \u0110\u1ed9 D\u1eabn Nhi\u1ec7t<\/h2>\n<p>Quy tr\u00ecnh ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u b\u1eb1ng m\u00e1y \u0111o nhi\u1ec7t th\u01b0\u1eddng bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc sau:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><b>Chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb m\u1eabu v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u:<\/b> C\u1eaft m\u1eabu v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u theo k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh d\u00e1ng \u0111\u00fang y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y \u0111o.<\/li>\n<li><b>G\u1eafn m\u1eabu v\u00e0o m\u00e1y \u0111o:<\/b> \u0110\u1eb7t m\u1eabu v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u gi\u1eefa hai t\u1ea5m c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y \u0111o.<\/li>\n<li><b>Thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ban \u0111\u1ea7u:<\/b> C\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cho hai t\u1ea5m c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t. M\u1ed9t t\u1ea5m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m n\u00f3ng, t\u1ea5m kia gi\u1eef \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n.<\/li>\n<li><b>Ghi nh\u1eadn nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 d\u00f2ng nhi\u1ec7t:<\/b> Sau khi thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9, m\u00e1y \u0111o s\u1ebd ghi l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 d\u00f2ng nhi\u1ec7t qua m\u1eabu v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u.<\/li>\n<li><b>T\u00ednh to\u00e1n \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t:<\/b> S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u1edf ph\u1ea7n tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>C\u00e1c \u1ee8ng D\u1ee5ng Th\u1ef1c T\u1ebf<\/h2>\n<p>M\u00e1y \u0111o \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh nh\u01b0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng, \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed, v\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn. V\u00ed d\u1ee5:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b>X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng:<\/b> Ki\u1ec3m tra v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t nh\u01b0 b\u00f4ng th\u1ee7y tinh, polystyrene \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a t\u00f2a nh\u00e0.<\/li>\n<li><b>\u0110i\u1ec7n t\u1eed:<\/b> \u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf chip v\u00e0 c\u00e1c linh ki\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m.<\/li>\n<li><b>V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn:<\/b> Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u m\u1edbi c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t t\u1ed1t, ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 nguy\u00ean l\u00fd v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t gi\u00fap c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc ch\u1ecdn l\u1ef1a v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>M\u00e1y \u0111o \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t: T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u nguy\u00ean l\u00fd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch ki\u1ec3m tra v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u. Cung c\u1ea5p ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u1ec1 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 quy tr\u00ecnh th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[132],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v15.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>M\u00e1y \u0110o \u0110\u1ed9 D\u1eabn Nhi\u1ec7t | Nguy\u00ean L\u00fd v\u00e0 Ki\u1ec3m Tra V\u1eadt Li\u1ec7u<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"M\u00e1y \u0111o \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t: T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u nguy\u00ean l\u00fd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch ki\u1ec3m tra v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u. 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