{"id":703366,"date":"2024-07-21T05:50:46","date_gmt":"2024-07-21T04:50:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/?p=703366"},"modified":"2024-07-21T05:50:46","modified_gmt":"2024-07-21T04:50:46","slug":"tua-bin-francis-hieu-suat-va-cac-tram-thuy-dien","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/tua-bin-francis-hieu-suat-va-cac-tram-thuy-dien\/","title":{"rendered":"Tua-bin Francis | Hi\u1ec7u Su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 C\u00e1c Tr\u1ea1m Th\u1ee7y \u0110i\u1ec7n"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"sidekick\">Tua-bin Francis | Hi\u1ec7u Su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 C\u00e1c Tr\u1ea1m Th\u1ee7y \u0110i\u1ec7n: Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 nguy\u00ean l\u00fd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a tua-bin Francis trong c\u00e1c tr\u1ea1m th\u1ee7y \u0111i\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/tua-bin_francis_hieu_suat_va_cac_tram_thuy_dien.png\" alt=\"Tua-bin Francis | Hi\u1ec7u Su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 C\u00e1c Tr\u1ea1m Th\u1ee7y \u0110i\u1ec7n\" style=\"display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\"\/><\/p>\n<h2>Tua-bin Francis | Hi\u1ec7u Su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 C\u00e1c Tr\u1ea1m Th\u1ee7y \u0110i\u1ec7n<\/h2>\n<p>Tua-bin Francis l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i tua-bin n\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c tr\u1ea1m th\u1ee7y \u0111i\u1ec7n. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf b\u1edfi James B. Francis v\u00e0o th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 19, tua-bin n\u00e0y n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt nh\u1edd hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t cao v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh linh ho\u1ea1t trong nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u1ee7y v\u0103n kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n<h2>Tua-bin Francis l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/h2>\n<p>Tua-bin Francis l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i tua-bin c\u00f3 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf xo\u1eafn \u1ed1c, v\u1edbi d\u00f2ng n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ea3y qua c\u00e1c c\u00e1nh tua-bin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ebb cong nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi tho\u00e1t ra ngo\u00e0i. \u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y gi\u00fap tua-bin Francis chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u00e0nh n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n<h2>Hi\u1ec7u Su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Tua-bin Francis<\/h2>\n<p>Hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a tua-bin Francis th\u01b0\u1eddng dao \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb 90% \u0111\u1ebfn 95%, l\u00e0m cho n\u00f3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u trong c\u00e1c tr\u1ea1m th\u1ee7y \u0111i\u1ec7n. C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c t\u00ednh hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a tua-bin l\u00e0:<\/p>\n<p>\\(\\eta = \\frac{P_{out}}{P_{in}} \\times 100\\%\\)<\/p>\n<p>Trong \u0111\u00f3:<\/p>\n<p><u1><\/p>\n<li><b>\\(\\eta\\)<\/b>: Hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t<\/li>\n<li><b>\\(P_{out}\\)<\/b>: C\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea7u ra (N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc)<\/li>\n<li><b>\\(P_{in}\\)<\/b>: C\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o (N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc)<\/li>\n<p><\/u1><\/p>\n<h2>\u1ee8ng D\u1ee5ng trong C\u00e1c Tr\u1ea1m Th\u1ee7y \u0110i\u1ec7n<\/h2>\n<p>C\u00e1c tr\u1ea1m th\u1ee7y \u0111i\u1ec7n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tua-bin Francis th\u01b0\u1eddng n\u1eb1m \u1edf nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb tr\u00ed d\u1ed1c cao, n\u01a1i m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch m\u1ef1c n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1edbn t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n t\u1ed1t cho tua-bin ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u1ea1m th\u1ee7y \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tua-bin Francis bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n<p><o1><\/p>\n<li>\u0110\u1eadp Hoover (M\u1ef9)<\/li>\n<li>\u0110\u1eadp Aswan (Ai C\u1eadp)<\/li>\n<li>Nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y th\u1ee7y \u0111i\u1ec7n Itaipu (Brazil v\u00e0 Paraguay)<\/li>\n<p><\/o1><\/p>\n<h2>C\u00e1c Y\u1ebfu T\u1ed1 \u1ea2nh H\u01b0\u1edfng \u0110\u1ebfn Hi\u1ec7u Su\u1ea5t<\/h2>\n<p>C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a tua-bin Francis:<\/p>\n<p><u1><\/p>\n<li><b>Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e1nh tua-bin<\/b>: C\u00e1c c\u00e1nh tua-bin ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u00e0 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o t\u1eeb v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/li>\n<li><b>\u0110i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y<\/b>: T\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh h\u1ee3p l\u00fd \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o tua-bin ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1edf hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t t\u1ed1i \u01b0u.<\/li>\n<li><b>B\u1ea3o d\u01b0\u1ee1ng \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3<\/b>: Ki\u1ec3m tra v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o d\u01b0\u1ee1ng \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 gi\u00fap duy tr\u00ec hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba h\u1ecfng h\u00f3c.<\/li>\n<p><\/u1><\/p>\n<h2>K\u1ebft Lu\u1eadn<\/h2>\n<p>V\u1edbi thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc, tua-bin Francis \u0111\u00e3 v\u00e0 \u0111ang \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c khai th\u00e1c n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eeb ngu\u1ed3n n\u01b0\u1edbc, g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eeb n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o. Hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 v\u1ec1 tua-bin Francis v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch n\u00f3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ebd gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng t\u1ed1i \u0111a ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ee7y \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Tua-bin Francis | Hi\u1ec7u Su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 C\u00e1c Tr\u1ea1m Th\u1ee7y \u0110i\u1ec7n: Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 nguy\u00ean l\u00fd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a tua-bin Francis trong c\u00e1c tr\u1ea1m th\u1ee7y \u0111i\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[132],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v15.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Tua-bin Francis | Hi\u1ec7u Su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 C\u00e1c Tr\u1ea1m 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