{"id":704078,"date":"2024-08-23T04:22:28","date_gmt":"2024-08-23T03:22:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/?p=704078"},"modified":"2024-08-23T04:22:28","modified_gmt":"2024-08-23T03:22:28","slug":"tan-nhiet-quan-ly-nhiet-lam-mat-dien-tu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/tan-nhiet-quan-ly-nhiet-lam-mat-dien-tu\/","title":{"rendered":"T\u1ea3n Nhi\u1ec7t | Qu\u1ea3n L\u00fd Nhi\u1ec7t, L\u00e0m M\u00e1t \u0110i\u1ec7n T\u1eed"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"sidekick\">T\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec7t trong qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 l\u00e0m m\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed gi\u00fap b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb kh\u1ecfi qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec7t, k\u00e9o d\u00e0i tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd v\u00e0 n\u00e2ng cao hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/tan_nhiet_quan_ly_nhiet_lam_mat_dien_tu.png\" alt=\"T\u1ea3n Nhi\u1ec7t | Qu\u1ea3n L\u00fd Nhi\u1ec7t, L\u00e0m M\u00e1t \u0110i\u1ec7n T\u1eed\" style=\"display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\"\/><\/p>\n<h2>T\u1ea3n Nhi\u1ec7t | Qu\u1ea3n L\u00fd Nhi\u1ec7t, L\u00e0m M\u00e1t \u0110i\u1ec7n T\u1eed<\/h2>\n<p>Trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nhi\u1ec7t, vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 l\u00e0m m\u00e1t c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c quan tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft. Nhi\u1ec7t ph\u00e1t sinh t\u1eeb c\u00e1c linh ki\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a t\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd nhi\u1ec7t trong c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed.<\/p>\n<h2>Qu\u1ea3n L\u00fd Nhi\u1ec7t<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><b>D\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t (Conduction):<\/b> Hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t qua v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u r\u1eafn t\u1eeb v\u00f9ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00f9ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n. C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c t\u00ednh d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh Fourier:<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>q = -k * \\(\\frac{dT}{dx}\\)<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Trong \u0111\u00f3, q l\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec7t truy\u1ec1n qua, k l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, dT l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u1eefa hai \u0111i\u1ec3m, v\u00e0 dx l\u00e0 kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1eefa hai \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3.<\/li>\n<li><b>\u0110\u1ed1i l\u01b0u (Convection):<\/b> Hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t b\u1edfi s\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng ho\u1eb7c kh\u00ed, ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed ho\u1eb7c n\u01b0\u1edbc. C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed1i l\u01b0u th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh Newton-Law of Cooling:<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>q = h * A * (T_s &#8211; T_\\infty)<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Trong \u0111\u00f3, q l\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec7t truy\u1ec1n qua, h l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ed1i l\u01b0u, A l\u00e0 di\u1ec7n t\u00edch b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t trao \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t, T_s l\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t v\u00e0 T_\\infty l\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng xung quanh.<\/li>\n<li><b>B\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 (Radiation):<\/b> Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng s\u00f3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eeb, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 di\u1ec5n ra ngay c\u1ea3 trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>L\u00e0m M\u00e1t \u0110i\u1ec7n T\u1eed<\/h2>\n<p>T\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec7t cho c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 gi\u00fap duy tr\u00ec hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u00e0 c\u00f2n k\u00e9o d\u00e0i tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd cho c\u00e1c linh ki\u1ec7n. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p l\u00e0m m\u00e1t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b>T\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec7t b\u1eb1ng qu\u1ea1t:<\/b> S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng qu\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng lu\u1ed3ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed, gi\u00fap l\u00e0m m\u00e1t c\u00e1c linh ki\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed nh\u01b0 CPU, GPU trong m\u00e1y t\u00ednh.<\/li>\n<li><b>\u0110\u00f3ng g\u00f3i nhi\u1ec7t (Heat Sinks):<\/b> L\u00e0m t\u1eeb v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t t\u1ed1t nh\u01b0 nh\u00f4m hay \u0111\u1ed3ng, gi\u00fap d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t ra kh\u1ecfi linh ki\u1ec7n v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n n\u00f3 ra m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng xung quanh.<\/li>\n<li><b>L\u00e0m m\u00e1t b\u1eb1ng dung d\u1ecbch (Liquid Cooling):<\/b> S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng nh\u01b0 n\u01b0\u1edbc ho\u1eb7c d\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t ra kh\u1ecfi linh ki\u1ec7n v\u00e0 t\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec7t qua h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng trao \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t.<\/li>\n<li><b>T\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec7t Peltier:<\/b> S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng Peltier \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ef1 ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9, gi\u00fap l\u00e0m m\u00e1t c\u00e1c linh ki\u1ec7n b\u00ean trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>K\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt t\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec7t n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t cao trong th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>T\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec7t trong qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 l\u00e0m m\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed gi\u00fap b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb kh\u1ecfi qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec7t, k\u00e9o d\u00e0i tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd v\u00e0 n\u00e2ng cao hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[132],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v15.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>T\u1ea3n Nhi\u1ec7t | Qu\u1ea3n L\u00fd Nhi\u1ec7t, L\u00e0m M\u00e1t \u0110i\u1ec7n T\u1eed<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"T\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec7t trong qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 l\u00e0m m\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed gi\u00fap b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb kh\u1ecfi qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec7t, k\u00e9o d\u00e0i tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd v\u00e0 n\u00e2ng cao hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" 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