{"id":705853,"date":"2024-09-01T12:40:58","date_gmt":"2024-09-01T11:40:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/?p=705853"},"modified":"2024-09-01T12:40:58","modified_gmt":"2024-09-01T11:40:58","slug":"bo-trao-doi-nhiet-hai-ong-don-gian-han-che","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/bo-trao-doi-nhiet-hai-ong-don-gian-han-che\/","title":{"rendered":"B\u1ed9 Trao \u0110\u1ed5i Nhi\u1ec7t Hai \u1ed0ng | \u0110\u01a1n Gi\u1ea3n, H\u1ea1n Ch\u1ebf"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"sidekick\">B\u1ed9 trao \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t hai \u1ed1ng: nguy\u00ean l\u00fd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3. Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 \u01b0u v\u00e0 nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn n\u00e0y trong ng\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec7t k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt.<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/bo_trao_doi_nhiet_hai_ong_don_gian_han_che.png\" alt=\"B\u1ed9 Trao \u0110\u1ed5i Nhi\u1ec7t Hai \u1ed0ng | \u0110\u01a1n Gi\u1ea3n, H\u1ea1n Ch\u1ebf\" style=\"display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\"\/><\/p>\n<h2>B\u1ed9 Trao \u0110\u1ed5i Nhi\u1ec7t Hai \u1ed0ng<\/h2>\n<p>B\u1ed9 trao \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t hai \u1ed1ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb quan tr\u1ecdng trong ng\u00e0nh k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nhi\u1ec7t. Ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 l\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa hai ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng kh\u00e1c nhau m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u00fang ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi nhau. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n trong nhi\u1ec1u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, t\u1eeb nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed.<\/p>\n<h2>Nguy\u00ean L\u00fd Ho\u1ea1t \u0110\u1ed9ng<\/h2>\n<p>B\u1ed9 trao \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t hai \u1ed1ng g\u1ed3m hai \u1ed1ng l\u1ed3ng v\u00e0o nhau. Ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y qua \u1ed1ng b\u00ean trong, trong khi ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng l\u1ea1nh ch\u1ea3y qua khoang gi\u1eefa \u1ed1ng trong v\u00e0 \u1ed1ng ngo\u00e0i. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t di\u1ec5n ra qua b\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a \u1ed1ng trong, v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec7t di chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng n\u00f3ng sang ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng l\u1ea1nh.<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u0110\u1ed1i l\u01b0u c\u01b0\u1ee1ng b\u1ee9c: Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n t\u1eeb ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng n\u00f3ng v\u00e0o th\u00e0nh \u1ed1ng, sau \u0111\u00f3 t\u1eeb th\u00e0nh \u1ed1ng sang ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng l\u1ea1nh.<\/li>\n<li>D\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t trong th\u00e0nh \u1ed1ng: Th\u00e0nh \u1ed1ng \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t t\u1eeb l\u1edbp ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng n\u00f3ng sang l\u1edbp ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng l\u1ea1nh.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>\u01afu \u0110i\u1ec3m<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n: C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 trao \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t hai \u1ed1ng r\u1ea5t \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng cho vi\u1ec7c l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec.<\/li>\n<li>Hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 cao cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng nh\u1ecf: Do c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac nh\u1ecf g\u1ecdn, n\u00f3 r\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 trong vi\u1ec7c truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t \u1edf c\u00e1c quy m\u00f4 nh\u1ecf v\u00e0 trung b\u00ecnh.<\/li>\n<li>Ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng: C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng kh\u00e1c nhau, t\u1eeb n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ebfn d\u1ea7u.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>H\u1ea1n Ch\u1ebf<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>D\u1ec5 t\u1eafc ngh\u1ebdn: D\u1ec5 b\u1ecb t\u1eafc ngh\u1ebdn b\u1edfi c\u1eb7n b\u1ea9n trong ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t gi\u1ea3m.<\/li>\n<li>Kh\u00f4ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p cho \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng l\u1edbn: \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn, c\u1ea7n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ed9 trao \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p h\u01a1n.<\/li>\n<li>Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu \u00e1p l\u1ef1c h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf: \u1ed0ng trong d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb h\u1ecfng h\u00f3c khi ch\u1ecbu \u00e1p l\u1ef1c cao ho\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>C\u00f4ng Th\u1ee9c T\u00ednh To\u00e1n<\/h2>\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 trao \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t hai \u1ed1ng, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n<p>\\[ q = U \\times A \\times \\Delta T_{lm} \\]\n<p>Trong \u0111\u00f3:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>q: L\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n (W)<\/li>\n<li>U: H\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t t\u1ed5ng (W\/m<sup>2<\/sup>K)<\/li>\n<li>A: Di\u1ec7n t\u00edch b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t (m<sup>2<\/sup>)<\/li>\n<li>\\Delta T<sub>lm<\/sub>: Ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 trung b\u00ecnh logarit (K)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 trung b\u00ecnh logarit (LMTD) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh b\u1eb1ng c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c:<\/p>\n<p>\\[<br \/>\n\\Delta T_{lm} = \\frac{(T_{h1} &#8211; T_{c2}) &#8211; (T_{h2} &#8211; T_{c1})}{\\ln{\\frac{T_{h1} &#8211; T_{c2}}{T_{h2} &#8211; T_{c1}}}}<br \/>\n\\]\n<p>Trong \u0111\u00f3:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>T<sub>h1<\/sub>: Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0o c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng n\u00f3ng (K)<\/li>\n<li>T<sub>h2<\/sub>: Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ra c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng n\u00f3ng (K)<\/li>\n<li>T<sub>c1<\/sub>: Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0o c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng l\u1ea1nh (K)<\/li>\n<li>T<sub>c2<\/sub>: Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ra c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng l\u1ea1nh (K)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Nh\u1edd c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y, ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 trao \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t hai \u1ed1ng, gi\u00fap t\u1ed1i \u01b0u thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n<h2>K\u1ebft Lu\u1eadn<\/h2>\n<p>Nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y, b\u1ed9 trao \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t hai \u1ed1ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, n\u00f3 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1c h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf c\u1ea7n ch\u00fa \u00fd, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t trong c\u00e1c m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn. Vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 nguy\u00ean l\u00fd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, \u01b0u nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m s\u1ebd gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ed9 trao \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t n\u00e0y m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n<p>Hy v\u1ecdng b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n hi\u1ec3u th\u00eam v\u1ec1 b\u1ed9 trao \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t hai \u1ed1ng, m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n quan tr\u1ecdng trong k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>B\u1ed9 trao \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t hai \u1ed1ng: nguy\u00ean l\u00fd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3. Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 \u01b0u v\u00e0 nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn n\u00e0y trong ng\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec7t k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[132],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v15.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>B\u1ed9 Trao \u0110\u1ed5i Nhi\u1ec7t Hai \u1ed0ng | \u0110\u01a1n Gi\u1ea3n, H\u1ea1n Ch\u1ebf<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"B\u1ed9 trao \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t hai \u1ed1ng: nguy\u00ean l\u00fd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3. 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