{"id":707955,"date":"2024-08-09T04:40:55","date_gmt":"2024-08-09T03:40:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/?p=707955"},"modified":"2024-08-09T04:40:55","modified_gmt":"2024-08-09T03:40:55","slug":"do-dan-nhiet-cua-vat-lieu-la-gi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/do-dan-nhiet-cua-vat-lieu-la-gi\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0110\u1ed9 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u l\u00e0 g\u00ec?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"sidekick\">\u0110\u1ed9 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u l\u00e0 g\u00ec? T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u nguy\u00ean l\u00fd, c\u00e1ch ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/do_dan_nhiet_cua_vat_lieu_la_gi.png\" alt=\"\u0110\u1ed9 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u l\u00e0 g\u00ec?\" style=\"display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\"\/><\/p>\n<h2>\u0110\u1ed9 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/h2>\n<p>\u0110\u1ed9 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t trong ng\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec7t k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt. N\u00f3 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t t\u1eeb v\u00f9ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00f9ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p. Ch\u00fang ta th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m n\u00e0y khi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u00e0m m\u00e1t ho\u1eb7c s\u01b0\u1edfi \u1ea5m, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 trong vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m nh\u01b0 n\u1ed3i ch\u1ea3o, t\u1ea5m c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed.<\/p>\n<h2>Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t<\/h2>\n<p>\u0110\u1ed9 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t, hay c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n b\u1eb1ng k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u \\( k \\) (ho\u1eb7c \\( \\lambda \\)) v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a b\u1eb1ng c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c:<\/p>\n<p>\n\\( q = -k \\frac{\\Delta T}{\\Delta x} \\)\n<\/p>\n<p>Trong \u0111\u00f3:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b>q:<\/b> m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00f2ng nhi\u1ec7t (\u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb: W\/m<sup>2<\/sup>)<\/li>\n<li><b>k:<\/b> h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t (\u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb: W\/m\u00b7K)<\/li>\n<li><b>\\(\\Delta T\\):<\/b> s\u1ef1 ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 (\u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb: K)<\/li>\n<li><b>\\(\\Delta x\\):<\/b> kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch theo h\u01b0\u1edbng truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t (\u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb: m)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t \u1edf tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh, trong \u0111\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00f4ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i theo th\u1eddi gian.<\/p>\n<h2>C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t<\/h2>\n<p>\u0110\u1ed9 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00f9y theo lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u00ed d\u1ee5:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><b>Kim lo\u1ea1i: <\/b>Kim lo\u1ea1i c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t cao. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed3ng (\\(k \\approx 400\\) W\/m\u00b7K) v\u00e0 nh\u00f4m (\\(k \\approx 235\\) W\/m\u00b7K) l\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t t\u1ed1t, th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t.<\/li>\n<li><b>G\u1ed1m v\u00e0 s\u1ee9: <\/b>Nh\u00f3m v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi kim lo\u1ea1i. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 s\u1ee9 (\\(k \\approx 1.5\\) W\/m\u00b7K). Ch\u00fang th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ea7n c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t.<\/li>\n<li><b>Ch\u1ea5t c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t: <\/b>C\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u nh\u01b0 b\u00f4ng th\u1ee7y tinh (\\(k \\approx 0.04\\) W\/m\u00b7K) v\u00e0 polystyrene (\\(k \\approx 0.03\\) W\/m\u00b7K) c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t r\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p, r\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 trong vi\u1ec7c gi\u1eef nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf<\/h2>\n<p>Ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b>X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng: <\/b>S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u th\u1ea5t tho\u00e1t nhi\u1ec7t n\u0103ng trong c\u00e1c t\u00f2a nh\u00e0.<\/li>\n<li><b>C\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed: <\/b>S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t cao \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec7t cho c\u00e1c linh ki\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed, gi\u00fap ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 t\u0103ng tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd.<\/li>\n<li><b>Ng\u00e0nh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t: <\/b>\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng trong thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb gia nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 l\u00e0m m\u00e1t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u v\u00e0 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u00fang lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n quan tr\u1ecdng gi\u00fap n\u00e2ng cao hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng trong c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0110\u1ed9 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u l\u00e0 g\u00ec? T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u nguy\u00ean l\u00fd, c\u00e1ch ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[132],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v15.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>\u0110\u1ed9 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u0110\u1ed9 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u l\u00e0 g\u00ec? T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u nguy\u00ean l\u00fd, c\u00e1ch ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/do-dan-nhiet-cua-vat-lieu-la-gi\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"vi_VN\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u0110\u1ed9 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u l\u00e0 g\u00ec?\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u0110\u1ed9 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u l\u00e0 g\u00ec? T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u nguy\u00ean l\u00fd, c\u00e1ch ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/do-dan-nhiet-cua-vat-lieu-la-gi\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Thermal Engineering\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2024-08-09T03:40:55+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/do_dan_nhiet_cua_vat_lieu_la_gi.png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\">\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Nick Connor\">\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\">\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutes\">\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/fr\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/fr\/\",\"name\":\"Thermal Engineering\",\"description\":\"\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/fr\/?s={search_term_string}\",\"query-input\":\"required name=search_term_string\"}],\"inLanguage\":\"vi-VN\"},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/do-dan-nhiet-cua-vat-lieu-la-gi\/#primaryimage\",\"inLanguage\":\"vi-VN\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/do_dan_nhiet_cua_vat_lieu_la_gi.png\",\"width\":1000,\"height\":1000,\"caption\":\"\\u0110\\u1ed9 d\\u1eabn nhi\\u1ec7t c\\u1ee7a v\\u1eadt li\\u1ec7u l\\u00e0 g\\u00ec?\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/do-dan-nhiet-cua-vat-lieu-la-gi\/#webpage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/do-dan-nhiet-cua-vat-lieu-la-gi\/\",\"name\":\"\\u0110\\u1ed9 d\\u1eabn nhi\\u1ec7t c\\u1ee7a v\\u1eadt li\\u1ec7u l\\u00e0 g\\u00ec?\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/fr\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/do-dan-nhiet-cua-vat-lieu-la-gi\/#primaryimage\"},\"datePublished\":\"2024-08-09T03:40:55+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2024-08-09T03:40:55+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/fr\/#\/schema\/person\/e8c544db9afedaec8574d6464f9398bb\"},\"description\":\"\\u0110\\u1ed9 d\\u1eabn nhi\\u1ec7t c\\u1ee7a v\\u1eadt li\\u1ec7u l\\u00e0 g\\u00ec? T\\u00ecm hi\\u1ec3u nguy\\u00ean l\\u00fd, c\\u00e1ch ho\\u1ea1t \\u0111\\u1ed9ng v\\u00e0 c\\u00e1c y\\u1ebfu t\\u1ed1 \\u1ea3nh h\\u01b0\\u1edfng \\u0111\\u1ebfn kh\\u1ea3 n\\u0103ng truy\\u1ec1n nhi\\u1ec7t c\\u1ee7a c\\u00e1c lo\\u1ea1i v\\u1eadt li\\u1ec7u.\",\"inLanguage\":\"vi-VN\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/do-dan-nhiet-cua-vat-lieu-la-gi\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/fr\/#\/schema\/person\/e8c544db9afedaec8574d6464f9398bb\",\"name\":\"Nick Connor\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/fr\/#personlogo\",\"inLanguage\":\"vi-VN\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/84c0dec310b44b65da29dc9df6925239?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"Nick Connor\"}}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/707955"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=707955"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/707955\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=707955"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=707955"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=707955"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}