{"id":708303,"date":"2024-08-03T03:14:13","date_gmt":"2024-08-03T02:14:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/?p=708303"},"modified":"2024-08-03T03:14:13","modified_gmt":"2024-08-03T02:14:13","slug":"tinh-chat-nhiet-cua-vat-lieu-sinh-hoc","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/tinh-chat-nhiet-cua-vat-lieu-sinh-hoc\/","title":{"rendered":"T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u sinh h\u1ecdc"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"sidekick\">T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u sinh h\u1ecdc: Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 c\u00e1ch c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u sinh h\u1ecdc ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9, d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nhi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/tinh_chat_nhiet_cua_vat_lieu_sinh_hoc.png\" alt=\"T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u sinh h\u1ecdc\" style=\"display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\"\/><\/p>\n<h2>T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u sinh h\u1ecdc<\/h2>\n<p>V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u sinh h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c t\u1eeb sinh v\u1eadt, bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng, \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt, v\u00e0 vi sinh v\u1eadt. Nh\u1eefng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng quan tr\u1ecdng trong c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c nh\u01b0 y h\u1ecdc, n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, v\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u sinh h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec7t. Hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u sinh h\u1ecdc gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u00fang hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0110\u1ed9 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t<\/h2>\n<p>\u0110\u1ed9 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t qua n\u00f3. \u0110\u1ed9 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u sinh h\u1ecdc th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c kim lo\u1ea1i. \u0110\u01a1n v\u1ecb \u0111o \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 W\/m\u00b7K (Watt tr\u00ean m\u00e9t Kenvin). M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u sinh h\u1ecdc:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>G\u1ed7: 0.13 &#8211; 0.22 W\/m\u00b7K<\/li>\n<li>Tre: 0.2 W\/m\u00b7K<\/li>\n<li>S\u1ee3i g\u1ed7: 0.043 W\/m\u00b7K<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Nhi\u1ec7t dung ri\u00eang<\/h2>\n<p>Nhi\u1ec7t dung ri\u00eang l\u00e0 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec7t n\u0103ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u l\u00ean m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9 Kenvin. Nhi\u1ec7t dung ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u sinh h\u1ecdc th\u01b0\u1eddng cao h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c kim lo\u1ea1i, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ch\u00fang h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 v\u00e0 t\u1ecfa ra nhi\u1ec7t n\u0103ng nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n. \u0110\u01a1n v\u1ecb \u0111o nhi\u1ec7t dung ri\u00eang th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 J\/kg\u00b7K (Joul tr\u00ean kilogram Kenvin). M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 nhi\u1ec7t dung ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u sinh h\u1ecdc:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>G\u1ed7: 1700 &#8211; 2900 J\/kg\u00b7K<\/li>\n<li>N\u01b0\u1edbc: 4181 J\/kg\u00b7K<\/li>\n<li>Protein: kho\u1ea3ng 2000 J\/kg\u00b7K<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>\u0110\u1ed9 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t su\u1ea5t<\/h2>\n<p>\u0110\u1ed9 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t su\u1ea5t (hay c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n nhi\u1ec7t) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p gi\u1eefa \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t dung ri\u00eang, v\u00e0 m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u. N\u00f3 cho bi\u1ebft kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t khi c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9. \u0110\u01a1n v\u1ecb \u0111o \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t su\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 m<sup>2<\/sup>\/s (m\u00e9t vu\u00f4ng tr\u00ean gi\u00e2y). C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t su\u1ea5t (\u03b1) l\u00e0:<\/p>\n<p>\n\\[<br \/>\n\\alpha = \\frac{k}{\\rho c_p}<br \/>\n\\]\n<\/p>\n<p>Trong \u0111\u00f3:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>k: \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t (W\/m\u00b7K)<\/li>\n<li>\u03c1: m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 (kg\/m<sup>3<\/sup>)<\/li>\n<li>c<sub>p<\/sub>: nhi\u1ec7t dung ri\u00eang (J\/kg\u00b7K)<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u sinh h\u1ecdc:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>G\u1ed7: kho\u1ea3ng 1.2 x 10<sup>-7<\/sup> m<sup>2<\/sup>\/s<\/li>\n<li>Protien: kho\u1ea3ng 1.3 x 10<sup>-7<\/sup> m<sup>2<\/sup>\/s<\/li>\n<li>L\u00f4ng th\u00fa: kho\u1ea3ng 1.4 x 10<sup>-7<\/sup> m<sup>2<\/sup>\/s<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng<\/h2>\n<p>Hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u sinh h\u1ecdc gi\u00fap c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng nh\u00e0 \u1edf: G\u1ed7 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u sinh h\u1ecdc d\u00f9ng l\u00e0m v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/li>\n<li>N\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p: S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u01a1m r\u1ea1, tre l\u00e0m v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t trong c\u00e1c m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng nu\u00f4i tr\u1ed3ng.<\/li>\n<li>Y h\u1ecdc: Protein v\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u sinh h\u1ecdc kh\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb y t\u1ebf v\u00e0 sinh h\u1ecdc.<\/li>\n<li>N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng: S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u sinh h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u sinh h\u1ecdc hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u sinh h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c nhau. Vi\u1ec7c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1c t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0y s\u1ebd gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta khai th\u00e1c t\u1ed1i \u0111a ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u sinh h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u sinh h\u1ecdc: Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 c\u00e1ch c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u sinh h\u1ecdc ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9, d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nhi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[132],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v15.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u 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