{"id":708512,"date":"2024-08-28T00:08:00","date_gmt":"2024-08-27T23:08:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/?p=708512"},"modified":"2024-08-28T00:08:00","modified_gmt":"2024-08-27T23:08:00","slug":"tang-cuong-truyen-nhiet-trong-bo-thu-nang-luong-mat-troi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/tang-cuong-truyen-nhiet-trong-bo-thu-nang-luong-mat-troi\/","title":{"rendered":"T\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t trong b\u1ed9 thu n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"sidekick\">T\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t trong b\u1ed9 thu n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi: c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn nh\u1eb1m c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 thu nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi.<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/tang_cuong_truyen_nhiet_trong_bo_thu_nang_luong_mat_troi.png\" alt=\"T\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t trong b\u1ed9 thu n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi\" style=\"display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\"\/><\/p>\n<h2>T\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t trong b\u1ed9 thu n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi<\/h2>\n<p>Trong ng\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec7t h\u1ecdc, vi\u1ec7c t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng cao hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 thu n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi. C\u00e1c b\u1ed9 thu n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y th\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec7t n\u0103ng, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho nhi\u1ec1u m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch kh\u00e1c nhau nh\u01b0 s\u01b0\u1edfi \u1ea5m n\u01b0\u1edbc ho\u1eb7c ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n. Vi\u1ec7c truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 gi\u1eefa b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea3i nhi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 then ch\u1ed1t quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n<h2>Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><b>S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t cao:<\/b> Vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ecdn l\u1ef1a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t cao cho b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 v\u00e0 \u1ed1ng ch\u1ee9a ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea3i nhi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng c\u00e1ch tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t. C\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed3ng, nh\u00f4m v\u00e0 th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00ec ch\u00fang c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t t\u1ed1t.<\/li>\n<li><b>T\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng di\u1ec7n t\u00edch b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t:<\/b> B\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac micro ho\u1eb7c nano nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c v\u1ec7t nh\u00f4 ho\u1eb7c l\u1ed7 nh\u1ecf \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng di\u1ec7n t\u00edch b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u00fap \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra nhi\u1ec1u nhi\u1ec7t h\u01a1n.<\/li>\n<li><b>S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea3i nhi\u1ec7t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3:<\/b> C\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea3i nhi\u1ec7t nh\u01b0 n\u01b0\u1edbc, d\u1ea7u ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p l\u1ecfng kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t t\u1ed1t v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao. C\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea3i nhi\u1ec7t n\u00e0y c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 l\u01b0u chuy\u1ec3n d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t.<\/li>\n<li><b>B\u1ed5 sung l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 ch\u1ed1ng ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1:<\/b> L\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 ch\u1ed1ng ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng l\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng b\u1ecb ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 ra ngo\u00e0i, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c quan tr\u1ecdng<\/h2>\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t, c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c sau th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><b>\u0110\u1ecbnh lu\u1eadt Fourier:<\/b> \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t d\u1eabn.<br \/>\n    \\[<br \/>\n    q = -k A \\frac{\\partial T}{\\partial x}<br \/>\n    \\]\n    Trong \u0111\u00f3:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><i>q<\/i> l\u00e0 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t (W)<\/li>\n<li><i>k<\/i> l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u (W\/m\u00b7K)<\/li>\n<li><i>A<\/i> l\u00e0 di\u1ec7n t\u00edch b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t (m\u00b2)<\/li>\n<li>\\(\\frac{\\partial T}{\\partial x}\\) l\u00e0 gradient nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 theo kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch (K\/m)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><b>Hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 thu n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi:<\/b><br \/>\n    \\[<br \/>\n    \\eta = \\frac{Q_u}{A_c G}<br \/>\n    \\]\n    Trong \u0111\u00f3:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><i>\\eta<\/i> l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec7t<\/li>\n<li><i>Q_u<\/i> l\u00e0 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec7t h\u1eefu \u00edch thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c (W)<\/li>\n<li><i>A_c<\/i> l\u00e0 di\u1ec7n t\u00edch b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 (m\u00b2)<\/li>\n<li><i>G<\/i> l\u00e0 c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi (W\/m\u00b2)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/h2>\n<p>T\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t trong b\u1ed9 thu n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c n\u00e2ng cao hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t t\u1ed1t, thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a di\u1ec7n t\u00edch b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t, ch\u1ecdn l\u1ef1a ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea3i nhi\u1ec7t ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 ch\u1ed1ng ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau n\u00e0y. Hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 v\u00e0 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c tr\u00ean s\u1ebd gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta ti\u1ebfn g\u1ea7n h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c khai th\u00e1c hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi, m\u1ed9t ngu\u1ed3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng cho t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>T\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t trong b\u1ed9 thu n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi: c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn nh\u1eb1m c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 thu nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[132],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v15.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>T\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t trong b\u1ed9 thu n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"T\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t trong b\u1ed9 thu n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi: c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn nh\u1eb1m c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 thu nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" 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