![\"Nh\u1eefng](\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/nhung_khai_niem_co_ban_ve_dong_luc_hoc_chat_long_tinh_toan.png\")
<\/p>\nNh\u1eefng Kh\u00e1i Ni\u1ec7m C\u01a1 B\u1ea3n V\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ed9ng L\u1ef1c H\u1ecdc Ch\u1ea5t L\u1ecfng T\u00ednh To\u00e1n: Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean l\u00fd v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng trong k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nhi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
\u0110\u1ed9ng L\u1ef1c H\u1ecdc Ch\u1ea5t L\u1ecfng T\u00ednh To\u00e1n (Computational Fluid Dynamics – CFD) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c trong ng\u00e0nh k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u01a1 kh\u00ed v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng v\u0169 tr\u1ee5, nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng (g\u1ed3m ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng v\u00e0 kh\u00ed) chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t. CFD s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m m\u00e1y t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n
Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh Navier-Stokes l\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t trong CFD. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh vi ph\u00e2n m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng:<\/p>\n
\n \\[
\n \\frac{\\partial u}{\\partial t} + u \\cdot \\nabla u = -\\frac{1}{\\rho} \\nabla p + \\nu \\nabla^2 u + f
\n \\]\n<\/p>\n
V\u1edbi:<\/p>\n
M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh l\u01b0\u1edbi l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e2n chia kh\u00f4ng gian ch\u1ee9a d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n (l\u01b0\u1edbi), t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh Navier-Stokes \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00fat c\u1ee7a l\u01b0\u1edbi. M\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1edbi t\u1ed1t gi\u00fap c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng t\u0103ng th\u1eddi gian t\u00ednh to\u00e1n.<\/p>\n
Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p Gauss-Seidel l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn trong CFD \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i h\u1ec7 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh tuy\u1ebfn t\u00ednh l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i. N\u00f3 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u1eb7p:<\/p>\n
\n \\[
\n x_i^{k+1} = \\frac{1}{a_{ii}} \\left( b_i – \\sum_{j=1}^{i-1} a_{ij} x_j^{k+1} – \\sum_{j=i+1}^n a_{ij} x_j^{k} \\right)
\n \\]\n<\/p>\n
CFD \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c nhau:<\/p>\n
\u0110\u1ed9ng L\u1ef1c H\u1ecdc Ch\u1ea5t L\u1ecfng T\u00ednh To\u00e1n (CFD) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd gi\u00fap c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc ph\u00e2n t\u00edch m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch chi ti\u1ebft h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng di chuy\u1ec3n v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t. Hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a CFD s\u1ebd gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn t\u1ed5ng quan v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p trong th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Nh\u1eefng Kh\u00e1i Ni\u1ec7m C\u01a1 B\u1ea3n V\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ed9ng L\u1ef1c H\u1ecdc Ch\u1ea5t L\u1ecfng T\u00ednh To\u00e1n: Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean l\u00fd v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng trong k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nhi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[132],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\n