{"id":708724,"date":"2024-09-21T12:55:29","date_gmt":"2024-09-21T11:55:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/?p=708724"},"modified":"2024-09-21T12:55:29","modified_gmt":"2024-09-21T11:55:29","slug":"he-thong-chuyen-doi-nang-luong-nhiet","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/he-thong-chuyen-doi-nang-luong-nhiet\/","title":{"rendered":"H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec7t"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"sidekick\">H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec7t: C\u00e1ch ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n, gi\u1ea3m ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 t\u0103ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/he_thong_chuyen_doi_nang_luong_nhiet.png\" alt=\"H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec7t\" style=\"display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\"\/><\/p>\n<h2>H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec7t<\/h2>\n<p>H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00fap bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t n\u0103ng th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c d\u1ea1ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 c\u01a1 n\u0103ng ho\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u0103ng. Ch\u00fang \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, t\u1eeb s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ebfn \u00f4 t\u00f4 v\u00e0 h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng. Trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec7t ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0110\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 nhi\u1ec7t<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><b>\u0110\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed1t trong:<\/b> \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u h\u00f3a th\u1ea1ch nh\u01b0 x\u0103ng ho\u1eb7c diesel \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra c\u01a1 n\u0103ng. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng bao g\u1ed3m ba giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ch\u00ednh: n\u1ea1p, n\u00e9n, \u0111\u1ed1t ch\u00e1y v\u00e0 x\u1ea3. C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ednh c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 nhi\u1ec7t l\u00e0:<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>P = \\frac{W}{t}<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b>\u0110\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed1t ngo\u00e0i:<\/b> Kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed1t trong, \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed1t ngo\u00e0i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec7t t\u1eeb b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ec3 sinh c\u00f4ng. M\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc, n\u01a1i h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra t\u1eeb n\u1ed3i h\u01a1i v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1eabn v\u00e0o xi-lanh \u0111\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00e0nh c\u01a1 n\u0103ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Tuabin<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Tuabin h\u01a1i:<\/b> H\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc \u1edf \u00e1p su\u1ea5t cao \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1eabn qua c\u00e1c c\u00e1nh tuabin, khi\u1ebfn ch\u00fang quay v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra c\u01a1 n\u0103ng. C\u01a1 n\u0103ng n\u00e0y sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 quay m\u00e1y ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n, t\u1ea1o ra \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u0103ng.<\/li>\n<li><b>Tuabin kh\u00ed:<\/b> Kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e9n v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed1t n\u00f3ng v\u1edbi nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u, t\u1ea1o ra d\u00f2ng kh\u00ed t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao \u0111\u1ec3 quay tuabin. Tuabin n\u00e0y c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n ho\u1eb7c cung c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp cho m\u00e1y m\u00f3c c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>M\u00e1y ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec7t<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n:<\/b> H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec7t t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ed1t ch\u00e1y nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u nh\u01b0 than, d\u1ea7u ho\u1eb7c kh\u00ed t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m n\u00f3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc, t\u1ea1o ra h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc. H\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc quay tuabin v\u00e0 t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/li>\n<li><b>Nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi:<\/b> S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng g\u01b0\u01a1ng ho\u1eb7c th\u1ea5u k\u00ednh \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1eadp trung \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi, t\u1ea1o ra nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m n\u01b0\u1edbc bay h\u01a1i. H\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 quay tuabin gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 trong nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Thermoelectric Generators (TEGs):<\/b> Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb n\u00e0y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng Seebeck \u0111\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp nhi\u1ec7t n\u0103ng th\u00e0nh \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u0103ng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea7n chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 tuabin. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 r\u1ea5t h\u1ee9a h\u1eb9n cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0 cung c\u1ea5p n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cho c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed nh\u1ecf.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Hi v\u1ecdng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec7t, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd c\u00f3 c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 vai tr\u00f2 v\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec7t: C\u00e1ch ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n, gi\u1ea3m ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 t\u0103ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[132],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v15.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>H\u1ec7 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