{"id":709113,"date":"2024-10-27T03:34:40","date_gmt":"2024-10-27T02:34:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/?p=709113"},"modified":"2024-10-27T03:34:40","modified_gmt":"2024-10-27T02:34:40","slug":"mau-chay-qua-dong-mach-nhu-the-nao","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/mau-chay-qua-dong-mach-nhu-the-nao\/","title":{"rendered":"M\u00e1u Ch\u1ea3y Qua \u0110\u1ed9ng M\u1ea1ch Nh\u01b0 Th\u1ebf N\u00e0o?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"sidekick\">M\u00e1u ch\u1ea3y qua \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1ch nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf l\u01b0u th\u00f4ng m\u00e1u qua \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1ch trong c\u01a1 th\u1ec3, s\u1ef1 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n m\u00e1u.<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/mau_chay_qua_dong_mach_nhu_the_nao.png\" alt=\"M\u00e1u Ch\u1ea3y Qua \u0110\u1ed9ng M\u1ea1ch Nh\u01b0 Th\u1ebf N\u00e0o?\" style=\"display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\"\/><\/p>\n<h2>M\u00e1u Ch\u1ea3y Qua \u0110\u1ed9ng M\u1ea1ch Nh\u01b0 Th\u1ebf N\u00e0o?<\/h2>\n<p>Khi m\u00e1u ch\u1ea3y qua \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1ch, n\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua c\u00e1c l\u1ef1c c\u1ea3n v\u00e0 \u00e1p l\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y li\u00ean t\u1ee5c. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p gi\u1eefa nguy\u00ean l\u00fd v\u1eadt l\u00fd v\u00e0 c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch s\u1ef1 ch\u1ea3y c\u1ee7a m\u00e1u. H\u00e3y c\u00f9ng t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c m\u00e1u ch\u1ea3y qua \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1ch nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o.<\/p>\n<h2>1. Nguy\u00ean T\u1eafc C\u01a1 B\u1ea3n C\u1ee7a D\u00f2ng Ch\u1ea3y<\/h2>\n<p>M\u00e1u, gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c, tu\u00e2n theo c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng khi n\u00f3 ch\u1ea3y qua h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u1ea1ch m\u00e1u. \u0110\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1ch l\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn m\u00e1u t\u1eeb tim \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 th\u1ec3. Ch\u00fang c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac ba l\u1edbp: l\u1edbp n\u1ed9i m\u1ea1c (intima), l\u1edbp gi\u1eefa (media), v\u00e0 l\u1edbp ngo\u00e0i (adventitia).<\/p>\n<h2>2. Lu\u1eadt Bernoulli<\/h2>\n<p>M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng quy t\u1eafc quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t trong d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng l\u00e0 Lu\u1eadt Bernoulli. Lu\u1eadt n\u00e0y n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng t\u1ed5ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng (\u00e1p su\u1ea5t, th\u1ebf n\u0103ng, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u0103ng) trong m\u1ed9t d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng l\u00e0 c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 khi m\u00e1u ch\u1ea3y qua m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m h\u1eb9p trong \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1ch, t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00f2ng m\u00e1u t\u0103ng l\u00ean v\u00e0 \u00e1p su\u1ea5t gi\u1ea3m xu\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>T\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u0103ng: Khi m\u00e1u ch\u1ea3y qua \u0111i\u1ec3m h\u1eb9p, t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00f2ng m\u00e1u ph\u1ea3i t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/li>\n<li>\u00c1p su\u1ea5t gi\u1ea3m: Khi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u0103ng, n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb \u00e1p su\u1ea5t sang \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u0103ng, l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m \u00e1p su\u1ea5t.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>3. \u0110\u1ecbnh Lu\u1eadt Hagen-Poiseuille<\/h2>\n<p>\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng qua m\u1ed9t \u1ed1ng nh\u1ecf nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1ch, \u0111\u1ecbnh lu\u1eadt Hagen-Poiseuille r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng. C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y (Q), b\u00e1n k\u00ednh \u1ed1ng (r), \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1edbt c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng (\u03b7), v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0i c\u1ee7a \u1ed1ng (L).<\/p>\n<p>C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c:<\/p>\n<p>\n\\[ Q = \\frac{\\pi \\cdot r^4 \\cdot \\Delta P}{8 \\cdot \\eta \\cdot L} \\]\n<\/p>\n<p>\u1ede \u0111\u00e2y, \\(\\Delta P\\) l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch \u00e1p su\u1ea5t gi\u1eefa hai \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1ch.<\/p>\n<h2>4. \u1ea2nh H\u01b0\u1edfng C\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ed9 Nh\u1edbt<\/h2>\n<p>M\u00e1u l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng nh\u1edbt, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 n\u00f3 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y. \u0110\u1ed9 nh\u1edbt c\u1ee7a m\u00e1u ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o nhi\u1ec1u y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1, bao g\u1ed3m n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 h\u1ed3ng c\u1ea7u, protein huy\u1ebft t\u01b0\u01a1ng, v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9. \u0110\u1ed9 nh\u1edbt cao h\u01a1n l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y, trong khi \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1edbt th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n l\u1ea1i t\u0103ng t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y.<\/p>\n<h2>5. Vai Tr\u00f2 C\u1ee7a Tim<\/h2>\n<p>Tim ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t b\u01a1m, t\u1ea1o ra \u00e1p su\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea9y m\u00e1u qua h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u1ea1ch m\u00e1u. M\u1ed7i nh\u1ecbp tim t\u1ea1o ra s\u00f3ng \u00e1p su\u1ea5t lan truy\u1ec1n qua \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1ch, duy tr\u00ec lu\u1ed3ng m\u00e1u li\u00ean t\u1ee5c. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 huy\u1ebft \u00e1p v\u00e0 c\u00f3 t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Huy\u1ebft \u00e1p t\u00e2m thu:<\/b> \u00c1p l\u1ef1c cao nh\u1ea5t khi tim co b\u00f3p.<\/li>\n<li><b>Huy\u1ebft \u00e1p t\u00e2m tr\u01b0\u01a1ng:<\/b> \u00c1p l\u1ef1c th\u1ea5p nh\u1ea5t khi tim gi\u00e3n ra.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>K\u1ebft Lu\u1eadn<\/h2>\n<p>Qua c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc tr\u00ean, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng m\u00e1u ch\u1ea3y qua \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1ch l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o nhi\u1ec1u y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1. S\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c quy lu\u1eadt v\u1eadt l\u00fd v\u00e0 c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc trong d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y m\u00e1u gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 duy tr\u00ec s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>M\u00e1u ch\u1ea3y qua \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1ch nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf l\u01b0u th\u00f4ng m\u00e1u qua \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1ch trong c\u01a1 th\u1ec3, s\u1ef1 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n m\u00e1u.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[132],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v15.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>M\u00e1u Ch\u1ea3y Qua \u0110\u1ed9ng M\u1ea1ch Nh\u01b0 Th\u1ebf N\u00e0o?<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"M\u00e1u ch\u1ea3y qua \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1ch nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? 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