{"id":709287,"date":"2024-09-13T12:58:36","date_gmt":"2024-09-13T11:58:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/?p=709287"},"modified":"2024-09-13T12:58:36","modified_gmt":"2024-09-13T11:58:36","slug":"hieu-ve-hieu-ung-joule-thomson","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/hieu-ve-hieu-ung-joule-thomson\/","title":{"rendered":"Hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 Hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng Joule-Thomson"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"sidekick\">Hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng Joule-Thomson: T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00ed thay \u0111\u1ed5i khi qua van m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng trong quy tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0m l\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng trong k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nhi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/hieu_ve_hieu_ung_joule-thomson.png\" alt=\"Hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 Hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng Joule-Thomson\" style=\"display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\"\/><\/p>\n<h2>Hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 Hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng Joule-Thomson<\/h2>\n<p>Hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng Joule-Thomson l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng quan tr\u1ecdng trong ng\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nhi\u1ec7t, li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t kh\u00ed khi n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9t ng\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3m \u00e1p su\u1ea5t m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng trao \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng xung quanh.<\/p>\n<h2>Nguy\u00ean l\u00fd c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n<\/h2>\n<p>Khi m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t kh\u00ed chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t v\u00f9ng c\u00f3 \u00e1p su\u1ea5t cao sang m\u1ed9t v\u00f9ng c\u00f3 \u00e1p su\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p th\u00f4ng qua m\u1ed9t van ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t l\u1ed7 nh\u1ecf, n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m l\u1ea1nh ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0m n\u00f3ng, t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t kh\u00ed v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ban \u0111\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n<p>Bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i n\u00e0y x\u1ea3y ra trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 trao \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t, hay g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh <i>adiabatic<\/i>. Hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 qua ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh:<\/p>\n<p>\n\\(<br \/>\n\\left( \\frac{\\partial T}{\\partial P} \\right)_H<br \/>\n\\)\n<\/p>\n<p>Trong \u0111\u00f3:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\\(T\\) l\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a kh\u00ed<\/li>\n<li>\\(P\\) l\u00e0 \u00e1p su\u1ea5t<\/li>\n<li>\\(H\\) l\u00e0 enthalpy<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a Hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng Joule-Thomson<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><b>\u0110i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed v\u00e0 l\u00e0m l\u1ea1nh:<\/b> Hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng Joule-Thomson th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u00e0m l\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng.<\/li>\n<li><b>C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 kh\u00ed thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean:<\/b> Hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng n\u00e0y c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh x\u1eed l\u00fd v\u00e0 v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n kh\u00ed t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, gi\u00fap l\u00e0m l\u1ea1nh kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng tinh ch\u1ebf v\u00e0 l\u01b0u tr\u1eef.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng<\/h2>\n<p>Hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng Joule-Thomson ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1, bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><b>Lo\u1ea1i kh\u00ed:<\/b> Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i m\u1ecdi lo\u1ea1i kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 c\u00f9ng \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng n\u00e0y. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 kh\u00ed nh\u01b0 hydrogen v\u00e0 helium c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m n\u00f3ng thay v\u00ec l\u00e0m l\u1ea1nh khi gi\u1ea3m \u00e1p su\u1ea5t t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/li>\n<li><b>Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 \u00e1p su\u1ea5t ban \u0111\u1ea7u:<\/b> Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 \u00e1p su\u1ea5t ban \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a kh\u00ed c\u0169ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1ch m\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a kh\u00ed thay \u0111\u1ed5i.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Trong k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nhi\u1ec7t, hi\u1ec3u v\u00e0 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng Joule-Thomson c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n, t\u1eeb l\u00e0m l\u1ea1nh th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ebfn l\u01b0u tr\u1eef n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng Joule-Thomson: T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00ed thay \u0111\u1ed5i khi qua van m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng trong quy tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0m l\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng trong k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nhi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[132],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v15.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 Hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng Joule-Thomson<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng Joule-Thomson: T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00ed thay \u0111\u1ed5i khi qua van m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng trong quy tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0m l\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng trong k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nhi\u1ec7t.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/hieu-ve-hieu-ung-joule-thomson\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"vi_VN\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 Hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng Joule-Thomson\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng Joule-Thomson: T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00ed thay \u0111\u1ed5i khi qua van m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng trong quy tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0m l\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng trong k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nhi\u1ec7t.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/hieu-ve-hieu-ung-joule-thomson\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Thermal Engineering\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2024-09-13T11:58:36+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/hieu_ve_hieu_ung_joule-thomson.png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\">\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Nick Connor\">\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\">\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"2 minutes\">\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/fr\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/fr\/\",\"name\":\"Thermal Engineering\",\"description\":\"\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/fr\/?s={search_term_string}\",\"query-input\":\"required name=search_term_string\"}],\"inLanguage\":\"vi-VN\"},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/hieu-ve-hieu-ung-joule-thomson\/#primaryimage\",\"inLanguage\":\"vi-VN\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/hieu_ve_hieu_ung_joule-thomson.png\",\"width\":1000,\"height\":1000,\"caption\":\"Hi\\u1ec3u v\\u1ec1 Hi\\u1ec7u \\u1ee9ng Joule-Thomson\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/hieu-ve-hieu-ung-joule-thomson\/#webpage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/hieu-ve-hieu-ung-joule-thomson\/\",\"name\":\"Hi\\u1ec3u v\\u1ec1 Hi\\u1ec7u \\u1ee9ng Joule-Thomson\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/fr\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/hieu-ve-hieu-ung-joule-thomson\/#primaryimage\"},\"datePublished\":\"2024-09-13T11:58:36+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2024-09-13T11:58:36+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/fr\/#\/schema\/person\/e8c544db9afedaec8574d6464f9398bb\"},\"description\":\"Hi\\u1ec7u \\u1ee9ng Joule-Thomson: T\\u00ecm hi\\u1ec3u c\\u00e1ch nhi\\u1ec7t \\u0111\\u1ed9 kh\\u00ed thay \\u0111\\u1ed5i khi qua van m\\u1edf r\\u1ed9ng trong quy tr\\u00ecnh l\\u00e0m l\\u1ea1nh v\\u00e0 t\\u00e1c d\\u1ee5ng trong k\\u1ef9 thu\\u1eadt nhi\\u1ec7t.\",\"inLanguage\":\"vi-VN\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/hieu-ve-hieu-ung-joule-thomson\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/fr\/#\/schema\/person\/e8c544db9afedaec8574d6464f9398bb\",\"name\":\"Nick Connor\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/fr\/#personlogo\",\"inLanguage\":\"vi-VN\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/84c0dec310b44b65da29dc9df6925239?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"Nick Connor\"}}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/709287"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=709287"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/709287\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=709287"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=709287"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=709287"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}