{"id":709629,"date":"2024-07-28T14:17:19","date_gmt":"2024-07-28T13:17:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/?p=709629"},"modified":"2024-07-28T14:17:19","modified_gmt":"2024-07-28T13:17:19","slug":"la-chan-nhiet-bao-ve-tau-vu-tru-nhu-the-nao","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/la-chan-nhiet-bao-ve-tau-vu-tru-nhu-the-nao\/","title":{"rendered":"L\u00e1 ch\u1eafn nhi\u1ec7t b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 t\u00e0u v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"sidekick\">L\u00e1 ch\u1eafn nhi\u1ec7t b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 t\u00e0u v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao, gi\u00fap t\u00e0u kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng khi quay tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i b\u1ea7u kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n cho phi h\u00e0nh gia.<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/la_chan_nhiet_bao_ve_tau_vu_tru_nhu_the_nao.png\" alt=\"L\u00e1 ch\u1eafn nhi\u1ec7t b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 t\u00e0u v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?\" style=\"display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\"\/><\/p>\n<h2>L\u00e1 ch\u1eafn nhi\u1ec7t b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 t\u00e0u v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/h2>\n<p>Khi t\u00e0u v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 t\u00e1i nh\u1eadp kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh tinh kh\u00e1c, n\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 cao do ma s\u00e1t v\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed. \u0110\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 t\u00e0u v\u00e0 phi h\u00e0nh gia b\u00ean trong kh\u1ecfi b\u1ecb ch\u00e1y, l\u00e1 ch\u1eafn nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 quan tr\u1ecdng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n<h2>Khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1eb1ng sau l\u00e1 ch\u1eafn nhi\u1ec7t<\/h2>\n<p>Khi t\u00e0u v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 di chuy\u1ec3n v\u1edbi v\u1eadn t\u1ed1c cao qua kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n, ma s\u00e1t g\u00e2y ra nhi\u1ec7t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn. Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00ean t\u1edbi tr\u00ean 1.600 \u0111\u1ed9 Celsius. L\u00e1 ch\u1eafn nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5, ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 ho\u1eb7c ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n nhi\u1ec7t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y, gi\u1eef cho c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn b\u00ean trong t\u00e0u v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 an to\u00e0n.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t:<\/strong> L\u00e1 ch\u1eafn nhi\u1ec7t th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m t\u1eeb c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t cao nh\u01b0 s\u1ee3i carbon, kho\u00e1ng th\u1ea1ch ho\u1eb7c g\u1ed1m.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i nhi\u1ec7t:<\/strong> K\u1ebft c\u1ea5u c\u1ee7a l\u00e1 ch\u1eafn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf sao cho nhi\u1ec7t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u.<\/li>\n<li><strong>H\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1:<\/strong> M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i l\u00e1 ch\u1eafn nhi\u1ec7t h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i n\u00f3 th\u00e0nh d\u1ea1ng kh\u00e1c, trong khi lo\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 nhi\u1ec7t tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng gian.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u1ee7a l\u00e1 ch\u1eafn nhi\u1ec7t<\/h2>\n<p>M\u1ed7i lo\u1ea1i l\u00e1 ch\u1eafn nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf sao cho ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng t\u00e0u v\u0169 tr\u1ee5. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ki\u1ec3u ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>L\u00e1 ch\u1eafn ablative:<\/strong> Lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0y h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 nhi\u1ec7t b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u1eeb t\u1eeb b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed1t ch\u00e1y v\u00e0 b\u00e0o m\u00f2n, gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng nhi\u1ec7t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ra ngo\u00e0i. V\u00ed d\u1ee5: T\u00e0u Apollo s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e1 ch\u1eafn nhi\u1ec7t ablative.<\/li>\n<li><strong>L\u00e1 ch\u1eafn t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng:<\/strong> \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m t\u1eeb c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t cao v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng sau m\u1ed7i chuy\u1ebfn bay. V\u00ed d\u1ee5: T\u00e0u con thoi Space Shuttle s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng lo\u1ea1i l\u00e1 ch\u1eafn n\u00e0y v\u1edbi c\u00e1c g\u1ea1ch ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec sau m\u1ed7i nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n<\/h2>\n<p>C\u00e1c l\u00e1 ch\u1eafn nhi\u1ec7t kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 quan tr\u1ecdng trong ng\u00e0nh v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 m\u00e0 c\u00f2n c\u00f3 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng tr\u00ean Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t. V\u00ed d\u1ee5:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>T\u00e0u con thoi v\u00e0 v\u1ec7 tinh c\u1ea7n l\u00e1 ch\u1eafn nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00e1i nh\u1eadp kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb h\u01b0 h\u1ea1i.<\/li>\n<li>C\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn trong \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 ph\u1ea3n l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y bay \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 b\u1edfi l\u00e1 ch\u1eafn nhi\u1ec7t nh\u1eb1m t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>L\u00e1 ch\u1eafn nhi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebfu trong thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn. Ch\u00fang gi\u00fap t\u00e0u v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, m\u1edf ra c\u00e1nh c\u1eeda t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai cho nh\u1eefng k\u1ef3 quan kh\u00f4ng gian m\u1edbi.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>L\u00e1 ch\u1eafn nhi\u1ec7t b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 t\u00e0u v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao, gi\u00fap t\u00e0u kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng khi quay tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i b\u1ea7u kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n cho phi h\u00e0nh gia.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[132],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v15.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>L\u00e1 ch\u1eafn nhi\u1ec7t b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 t\u00e0u v\u0169 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