{"id":709876,"date":"2024-10-26T06:40:41","date_gmt":"2024-10-26T05:40:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/?p=709876"},"modified":"2024-10-26T06:40:41","modified_gmt":"2024-10-26T05:40:41","slug":"co-ban-ve-cong-nghe-vi-chat-long","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/co-ban-ve-cong-nghe-vi-chat-long\/","title":{"rendered":"C\u01a1 B\u1ea3n V\u1ec1 C\u00f4ng Ngh\u1ec7 Vi Ch\u1ea5t L\u1ecfng"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"sidekick\">C\u01a1 B\u1ea3n V\u1ec1 C\u00f4ng Ngh\u1ec7 Vi Ch\u1ea5t L\u1ecfng: Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean l\u00fd v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a vi ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng trong y h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c.<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/co_ban_ve_cong_nghe_vi_chat_long.png\" alt=\"C\u01a1 B\u1ea3n V\u1ec1 C\u00f4ng Ngh\u1ec7 Vi Ch\u1ea5t L\u1ecfng\" style=\"display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\"\/><\/p>\n<h2>C\u01a1 B\u1ea3n V\u1ec1 C\u00f4ng Ngh\u1ec7 Vi Ch\u1ea5t L\u1ecfng<\/h2>\n<p>\nC\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 vi ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c m\u1edbi m\u1ebb trong k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nhi\u1ec7t, \u0111em l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn trong y t\u1ebf, sinh h\u1ecdc, v\u00e0 h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc. N\u00f3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t v\u00e0 thao t\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng \u1edf quy m\u00f4 vi m\u00f4, th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 trong c\u00e1c k\u00eanh c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n 1 mm. Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m n\u00e0y xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 trong c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o vi c\u01a1 c\u1ea5u (MEMS &#8211; Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems).\n<\/p>\n<h3>Nguy\u00ean L\u00fd C\u01a1 B\u1ea3n<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>C\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb vi ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m t\u1eeb silicon, th\u1ee7y tinh, ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c polyme nh\u01b0 PDMS (Polydimethylsiloxane).<\/li>\n<li>C\u00e1c k\u00eanh vi m\u00f4 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u1edbi h\u00ecnh d\u00e1ng v\u00e0 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1eabn v\u00e0 tr\u1ed9n c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n<\/h3>\n<p>\nTrong c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 vi ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng, l\u1ef1c capillarity v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ch\u1ea3y do \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5. M\u1ed9t trong c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec1u l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh Navier-Stokes, di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3 s\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng:\n<\/p>\n<p>\n\\( \\rho \\left( \\frac{\\partial \\mathbf{u}}{\\partial t} + \\mathbf{u} \\cdot \\nabla \\mathbf{u} \\right) = &#8211; \\nabla p + \\mu \\nabla^2 \\mathbf{u} + \\mathbf{f} \\)\n<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\\( \\rho \\) l\u00e0 m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng.<\/li>\n<li>\\( \\mathbf{u} \\) l\u00e0 v\u1eadn t\u1ed1c d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y.<\/li>\n<li>\\( p \\) l\u00e0 \u00e1p su\u1ea5t.<\/li>\n<li>\\( \\mu \\) l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1edbt c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng.<\/li>\n<li>\\( \\mathbf{f} \\) l\u00e0 vector th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c l\u1ef1c ngo\u1ea1i lai.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\n\u1ede k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc vi m\u00f4, s\u1ed1 Reynolds (Re) th\u01b0\u1eddng r\u1ea5t nh\u1ecf, \u0111\u1ed3ng ngh\u0129a v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c c\u00e1c d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 ch\u1ea3y t\u1ea7ng (laminar flow). S\u1ed1 Reynolds \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh b\u1eb1ng c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c:\n<\/p>\n<p>\n\\( Re = \\frac{\\rho uL}{\\mu} \\)\n<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\\( L \\) l\u00e0 chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng<\/h3>\n<ol>\n<li><b>Y t\u1ebf:<\/b> Vi m\u1ea1ch ph\u00e2n t\u00edch m\u00e1u, vi m\u1ea1ch x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m DNA, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u1ea5y gh\u00e9p y khoa.<\/li>\n<li><b>Sinh h\u1ecdc:<\/b> M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ebf b\u00e0o, th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m d\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea9m.<\/li>\n<li><b>H\u00f3a h\u1ecdc:<\/b> Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc vi m\u00f4, \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n ch\u1ea5t x\u00fac t\u00e1c.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\nC\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 vi ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng c\u00f3 ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng l\u1edbn trong vi\u1ec7c thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e1ch ch\u00fang ta l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng, \u0111em \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t cao h\u01a1n, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed v\u00e0 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ti\u00eau hao.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>C\u01a1 B\u1ea3n V\u1ec1 C\u00f4ng Ngh\u1ec7 Vi Ch\u1ea5t L\u1ecfng: Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean l\u00fd v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a vi ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng trong y h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[132],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v15.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>C\u01a1 B\u1ea3n V\u1ec1 C\u00f4ng Ngh\u1ec7 Vi Ch\u1ea5t L\u1ecfng<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"C\u01a1 B\u1ea3n V\u1ec1 C\u00f4ng Ngh\u1ec7 Vi 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