{"id":710734,"date":"2024-10-28T08:07:55","date_gmt":"2024-10-28T07:07:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/?p=710734"},"modified":"2024-10-28T08:07:55","modified_gmt":"2024-10-28T07:07:55","slug":"cach-bom-khuech-tan-tao-ra-chan-khong-nhu-the-nao","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/cach-bom-khuech-tan-tao-ra-chan-khong-nhu-the-nao\/","title":{"rendered":"C\u00e1ch b\u01a1m khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n t\u1ea1o ra ch\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"sidekick\">C\u00e1ch b\u01a1m khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n t\u1ea1o ra ch\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng: T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u nguy\u00ean l\u00fd v\u00e0 quy tr\u00ecnh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a b\u01a1m khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n trong vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o ra m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/cach_bom_khuech_tan_tao_ra_chan_khong_nhu_the_nao.png\" alt=\"C\u00e1ch b\u01a1m khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n t\u1ea1o ra ch\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o\" style=\"display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\"\/><\/p>\n<h2>C\u00e1ch b\u01a1m khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n t\u1ea1o ra ch\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o<\/h2>\n<p>Trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nhi\u1ec7t, c\u00e1c b\u01a1m khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o ra m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng. B\u01a1m khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i b\u01a1m ch\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng m\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean nguy\u00ean l\u00fd khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n t\u1eed kh\u00ed. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n<h2>Nguy\u00ean l\u00fd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a b\u01a1m khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>1. Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 d\u1ea7u:<\/strong> B\u01a1m khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng d\u1ea7u ch\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111un n\u00f3ng t\u1edbi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao (th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eeb 150\u00b0C \u0111\u1ebfn 275\u00b0C).<\/li>\n<li><strong>2. H\u01a1i d\u1ea7u v\u00e0 khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n:<\/strong> Khi d\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft, n\u00f3 s\u1ebd b\u1ed1c h\u01a1i v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n t\u1eed h\u01a1i d\u1ea7u s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea9y l\u00ean tr\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng ch\u00f9m tia.<\/li>\n<li><strong>3. S\u1ef1 khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n:<\/strong> C\u00e1c ch\u00f9m tia h\u01a1i d\u1ea7u va ch\u1ea1m v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n t\u1eed kh\u00ed trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, khi\u1ebfn ch\u00fang di chuy\u1ec3n theo h\u01b0\u1edbng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 b\u1ecb lo\u1ea1i ra kh\u1ecfi kh\u00f4ng gian c\u1ea7n t\u1ea1o ch\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng.<\/li>\n<li><strong>4. Ng\u01b0ng t\u1ee5 v\u00e0 h\u1ed3i d\u1ea7u:<\/strong> Sau khi ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n, h\u01a1i d\u1ea7u s\u1ebd ng\u01b0ng t\u1ee5 l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 h\u1ed3i d\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 bu\u1ed3ng \u0111un \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c chu k\u1ef3.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft li\u00ean quan<\/h2>\n<p>C\u00e1c b\u01a1m khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ecbnh lu\u1eadt Graham v\u1ec1 khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n kh\u00ed, \u0111\u1ecbnh lu\u1eadt n\u00e0y cho r\u1eb1ng t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t kh\u00ed t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 ngh\u1ecbch v\u1edbi c\u0103n b\u1eadc hai c\u1ee7a kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng mol c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 vi\u1ebft nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n<p>\\(v \\propto \\frac{1}{\\sqrt{M}} \\)<\/p>\n<p>Trong \u0111\u00f3:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>v:<\/strong> T\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n c\u1ee7a kh\u00ed<\/li>\n<li><strong>M:<\/strong> Kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng mol c\u1ee7a kh\u00ed<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>\u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a b\u01a1m khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m:<\/strong><\/li>\n<ol>\n<li>Hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 cao trong vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o ra ch\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng v\u1edbi \u00e1p su\u1ea5t c\u1ef1c th\u1ea5p.<\/li>\n<li>Kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1edfi c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i kh\u00ed kh\u00f4ng ng\u01b0ng t\u1ee5.<\/li>\n<li>C\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh li\u00ean t\u1ee5c trong th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec nhi\u1ec1u.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<li><strong>Nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m:<\/strong><\/li>\n<ol>\n<li>C\u1ea7n c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n nhi\u1ec7t \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec h\u01a1i d\u1ea7u.<\/li>\n<li>Kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c kh\u00ed ng\u01b0ng t\u1ee5 cao, nh\u01b0 h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/li>\n<li>C\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng d\u1ea7u ch\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi chi ph\u00ed cao.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/ul>\n<p>S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u01a1m khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ee9c ch\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng r\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p trong nhi\u1ec1u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p nh\u01b0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t b\u00e1n d\u1eabn, luy\u1ec7n kim, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed quang h\u1ecdc. Hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a quy tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>C\u00e1ch b\u01a1m khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n t\u1ea1o ra ch\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng: T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u nguy\u00ean l\u00fd v\u00e0 quy tr\u00ecnh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a b\u01a1m khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n trong vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o ra m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[132],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v15.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>C\u00e1ch b\u01a1m khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n t\u1ea1o ra ch\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf 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