{"id":717014,"date":"2024-10-06T06:19:31","date_gmt":"2024-10-06T05:19:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/?p=717014"},"modified":"2024-10-06T06:19:31","modified_gmt":"2024-10-06T05:19:31","slug":"%e7%bb%9d%e7%83%ad%e8%bf%87%e7%a8%8b%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e5%9c%a8%e6%97%a0%e8%83%bd%e9%87%8f%e6%9d%a1%e4%bb%b6%e4%b8%8b%e5%88%b6%e5%86%b7","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/zh-hans\/%e7%bb%9d%e7%83%ad%e8%bf%87%e7%a8%8b%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e5%9c%a8%e6%97%a0%e8%83%bd%e9%87%8f%e6%9d%a1%e4%bb%b6%e4%b8%8b%e5%88%b6%e5%86%b7\/","title":{"rendered":"\u7edd\u70ed\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u65e0\u80fd\u91cf\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\u5236\u51b7"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"sidekick\">\u4e86\u89e3\u7edd\u70ed\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5728\u65e0\u80fd\u91cf\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u5982\u4f55\u5b9e\u73b0\u5236\u51b7\uff0c\u63ed\u793a\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u57fa\u672c\u539f\u7406\u5e76\u89e3\u91ca\u5176\u5728\u8282\u80fd\u548c\u73af\u4fdd\u4e2d\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/\u7edd\u70ed\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u65e0\u80fd\u91cf\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\u5236\u51b7.png\" alt=\"\u7edd\u70ed\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u65e0\u80fd\u91cf\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\u5236\u51b7\" style=\"display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\"\/><\/p>\n<h2>\u7edd\u70ed\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u65e0\u80fd\u91cf\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\u5236\u51b7<\/h2>\n<p>\u7edd\u70ed\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff08Adiabatic Process\uff09\u662f\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u6982\u5ff5\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5185\u90e8\u6ca1\u6709\u70ed\u91cf\u4ea4\u6362\u3002\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u7edd\u70ed\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7a76\u7adf\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u6ca1\u6709\u80fd\u91cf\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u5b9e\u73b0\u5236\u51b7\u5462\uff1f\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u4e3a\u5927\u5bb6\u89e3\u7b54\u8fd9\u4e00\u7591\u95ee\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u7edd\u70ed\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff1f<\/h2>\n<p>\u5728\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u4e2d\uff0c\u7edd\u70ed\u8fc7\u7a0b\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u6ca1\u6709\u70ed\u91cf\uff08Q\uff09\u4f20\u9012\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u5373\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0e\u73af\u5883\u4e4b\u95f4\u6ca1\u6709\u70ed\u91cf\u4ea4\u6362\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u7684\u80fd\u91cf\u53d8\u5316\u4ec5\u4e3a\u7cfb\u7edf\u5185\u90e8\u7684\u80fd\u91cf\u8f6c\u6362\uff0c\u800c\u6ca1\u6709\u5916\u754c\u80fd\u91cf\u7684\u8f93\u5165\u6216\u8f93\u51fa\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u7edd\u70ed\u81a8\u80c0\u4e0e\u5236\u51b7\u539f\u7406<\/h2>\n<p>\u8981\u7406\u89e3\u7edd\u70ed\u8fc7\u7a0b\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u5b9e\u73b0\u5236\u51b7\u7684\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u9700\u8981\u4e86\u89e3\u7edd\u70ed\u81a8\u80c0\u7684\u539f\u7406\u3002\u5f53\u6c14\u4f53\u5728\u5bb9\u5668\u4e2d\u53d7\u538b\u7f29\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u6e29\u5ea6\u4f1a\u5347\u9ad8\uff1b\u53cd\u4e4b\uff0c\u5f53\u6c14\u4f53\u81a8\u80c0\u65f6\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u6e29\u5ea6\u4f1a\u964d\u4f4e\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u7edd\u70ed\u81a8\u80c0\u5236\u51b7\uff08Adiabatic Cooling\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u8fc7\u7a0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u7b2c\u4e00\u5b9a\u5f8b\u6765\u89e3\u91ca\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u7b2c\u4e00\u5b9a\u5f8b\u516c\u5f0f\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><em>dU = dQ &#8211; dW<\/em><\/p>\n<p>\u7531\u4e8e\u5728\u7edd\u70ed\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u6ca1\u6709\u70ed\u91cf\u4ea4\u6362\uff0c<em>dQ = 0<\/em>\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u516c\u5f0f\u7b80\u5316\u4e3a\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><em>dU = -dW<\/em><\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c<em>dU<\/em>\u8868\u793a\u7cfb\u7edf\u5185\u80fd\u7684\u53d8\u5316\uff0c<em>dW<\/em>\u8868\u793a\u7cfb\u7edf\u5bf9\u5916\u505a\u7684\u529f\u3002\u5f53\u6c14\u4f53\u81a8\u80c0\u65f6\uff0c\u5b83\u5bf9\u5916\u505a\u529f\uff08W\u4e3a\u6b63\u503c\uff09\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5185\u80fd\u4f1a\u51cf\u5c11\uff0c\u8868\u73b0\u4e3a\u6e29\u5ea6\u7684\u964d\u4f4e\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\uff1a\u5236\u51b7\u5242\u548c\u70ed\u6cf5<\/h2>\n<p>\u7edd\u70ed\u5236\u51b7\u539f\u7406\u88ab\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u73b0\u4ee3\u7a7a\u8c03\u548c\u51b0\u7bb1\u4e2d\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8bbe\u5907\u901a\u8fc7\u5236\u51b7\u5242\u7684\u7edd\u70ed\u81a8\u80c0\u5b9e\u73b0\u5236\u51b7\u3002\u5236\u51b7\u5242\u9996\u5148\u88ab\u538b\u7f29\uff0c\u4f7f\u5176\u6e29\u5ea6\u5347\u9ad8\uff0c\u5176\u540e\u901a\u8fc7\u6563\u70ed\u5668\u653e\u51fa\u70ed\u91cf\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u518d\u7ecf\u8fc7\u81a8\u80c0\u9600\uff0c\u5728\u6b64\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5b9e\u73b0\u7edd\u70ed\u81a8\u80c0\uff0c\u4f7f\u6e29\u5ea6\u4e0b\u964d\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u6c14\u4f53\u6e29\u5ea6\u964d\u81f3\u4f4e\u4e8e\u76ee\u6807\u7269\u4f53\u7684\u6e29\u5ea6\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5b9e\u73b0\u5236\u51b7\u6548\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u7edd\u70ed\u81a8\u80c0\u7684\u7406\u60f3\u6c14\u4f53\u516c\u5f0f<\/h2>\n<p>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7406\u60f3\u6c14\u4f53\uff0c\u7edd\u70ed\u81a8\u80c0\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0b\u516c\u5f0f\u63cf\u8ff0\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><em>P * V<sup>\\gamma<\/sup> = \u5e38\u6570<\/em><\/p>\n<p>\u5176\u4e2d<em>P<\/em>\u662f\u538b\u529b\uff0c<em>V<\/em>\u662f\u4f53\u79ef\uff0c\\(\\gamma\\)\u662f\u6bd4\u70ed\u5bb9\u6bd4\uff08\\(\\gamma = \\frac{C_p}{C_v}\\)\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u516c\u5f0f\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u5728\u7edd\u70ed\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6c14\u4f53\u7684\u538b\u529b\u548c\u4f53\u79ef\u4e4b\u95f4\u5b58\u5728\u786e\u5b9a\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u5f53\u4f53\u79ef\u589e\u5927\u65f6\uff0c\u538b\u529b\u51cf\u5c0f\uff0c\u6e29\u5ea6\u4e5f\u4f1a\u968f\u4e4b\u4e0b\u964d\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u7ed3\u8bba<\/h2>\n<p>\u7edd\u70ed\u8fc7\u7a0b\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0d\u8fdb\u884c\u70ed\u91cf\u4ea4\u6362\uff0c\u4ec5\u901a\u8fc7\u7cfb\u7edf\u5185\u90e8\u7684\u80fd\u91cf\u8f6c\u6362\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u5236\u51b7\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u539f\u7406\u88ab\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u65e5\u5e38\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u5236\u51b7\u8bbe\u5907\uff0c\u4f7f\u5176\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u6ca1\u6709\u80fd\u91cf\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u8fbe\u5230\u5236\u51b7\u6548\u679c\u3002\u8fd9\u4e0d\u4ec5\u662f\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5947\u5999\u73b0\u8c61\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u5de5\u7a0b\u6280\u672f\u4e2d\u4e0d\u53ef\u6216\u7f3a\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u4e86\u89e3\u7edd\u70ed\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5728\u65e0\u80fd\u91cf\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u5982\u4f55\u5b9e\u73b0\u5236\u51b7\uff0c\u63ed\u793a\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u57fa\u672c\u539f\u7406\u5e76\u89e3\u91ca\u5176\u5728\u8282\u80fd\u548c\u73af\u4fdd\u4e2d\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[134],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- 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