{"id":722575,"date":"2024-09-22T08:34:39","date_gmt":"2024-09-22T07:34:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/?p=722575"},"modified":"2024-09-22T08:34:39","modified_gmt":"2024-09-22T07:34:39","slug":"%e6%b3%95%e5%8c%bb%e9%a2%86%e5%9f%9f%e7%83%ad%e5%88%86%e6%9e%90%e7%9a%84%e5%ba%94%e7%94%a8%e6%9c%89%e5%93%aa%e4%ba%9b","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/zh-hans\/%e6%b3%95%e5%8c%bb%e9%a2%86%e5%9f%9f%e7%83%ad%e5%88%86%e6%9e%90%e7%9a%84%e5%ba%94%e7%94%a8%e6%9c%89%e5%93%aa%e4%ba%9b\/","title":{"rendered":"\u6cd5\u533b\u9886\u57df\u70ed\u5206\u6790\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"sidekick\">\u70ed\u5206\u6790\u5728\u6cd5\u533b\u9886\u57df\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\uff1f\u672c\u6587\u89e3\u6790\u70ed\u5206\u6790\u5728\u6cd5\u533b\u5b66\u4e2d\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u63a2\u8ba8\u70ed\u5206\u6790\u6280\u672f\u5982\u4f55\u52a9\u529b\u6848\u4ef6\u8c03\u67e5\u4e0e\u8bc1\u636e\u5206\u6790\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/\u6cd5\u533b\u9886\u57df\u70ed\u5206\u6790\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b.png\" alt=\"\u6cd5\u533b\u9886\u57df\u70ed\u5206\u6790\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\" style=\"display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\"\/><\/p>\n<h2>\u6cd5\u533b\u9886\u57df\u70ed\u5206\u6790\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b<\/h2>\n<p>\u70ed\u5206\u6790\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5728\u6cd5\u533b\u79d1\u5b66\u4e2d\u8d77\u7740\u5173\u952e\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u6cd5\u533b\u4e13\u5bb6\u8fdb\u884c\u5404\u79cd\u5206\u6790\u548c\u9274\u5b9a\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u4ecb\u7ecd\u6cd5\u533b\u9886\u57df\u70ed\u5206\u6790\u7684\u51e0\u79cd\u4e3b\u8981\u5e94\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>1. \u71c3\u70e7\u6b8b\u7559\u7269\u5206\u6790<\/h2>\n<p>\u5728\u706b\u707e\u73b0\u573a\uff0c\u6cd5\u533b\u4e13\u5bb6\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528\u70ed\u5206\u6790\u6280\u672f\u6765\u68c0\u6d4b\u548c\u5206\u6790\u71c3\u70e7\u6b8b\u7559\u7269\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6b8b\u7559\u7269\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u71c3\u70e7\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u751f\u6210\u7684\u6709\u673a\u548c\u65e0\u673a\u5316\u5408\u7269\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u70ed\u91cd\u5206\u6790 (TGA) \u548c\u5dee\u793a\u626b\u63cf\u91cf\u70ed\u6cd5 (DSC)\uff0c\u4e13\u5bb6\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u786e\u5b9a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5316\u5408\u7269\u7684\u6210\u5206\u548c\u6765\u6e90\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5224\u65ad\u706b\u707e\u7684\u8d77\u56e0\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>2. \u70ad\u5316\u7269\u9274\u5b9a<\/h2>\n<p>\u5728\u6d89\u53ca\u4eba\u4f53\u70e7\u707c\u4f24\u7684\u6848\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u70ed\u5206\u6790\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u9274\u5b9a\u70ad\u5316\u7269\u7684\u5f62\u6210\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u89c2\u5bdf\u70e7\u707c\u8fc7\u7684\u7ec7\u7269\u3001\u76ae\u80a4\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u6750\u6599\u7684\u70ed\u5206\u89e3\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u6cd5\u533b\u4e13\u5bb6\u80fd\u591f\u63a8\u65ad\u51fa\u706b\u6e90\u7684\u6e29\u5ea6\u548c\u71c3\u70e7\u65f6\u95f4\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>3. \u5c38\u4f53\u6e29\u5ea6\u5206\u6790<\/h2>\n<p>\u5c38\u4f53\u7684\u6e29\u5ea6\u53d8\u5316\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u4f9b\u5173\u4e8e\u6b7b\u4ea1\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u6cd5\u533b\u6e29\u5ea6\u5206\u6790\u6d89\u53ca\u6d4b\u91cf\u548c\u8bb0\u5f55\u5c38\u4f53\u51b7\u5374\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u6e29\u5ea6\u53d8\u5316\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528\u70ed\u7535\u5076\u548c\u7ea2\u5916\u70ed\u50cf\u4eea\uff0c\u6cd5\u533b\u4e13\u5bb6\u53ef\u4ee5\u5efa\u7acb\u5c38\u4f53\u51b7\u5374\u66f2\u7ebf\uff0c\u5e76\u5e94\u7528\u76f8\u5173\u516c\u5f0f(\u4f8b\u5982Newton&#8217;s Law of Cooling)\u6765\u4f30\u7b97\u6b7b\u4ea1\u65f6\u95f4\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\\[T(t) = T_{\\text{env}} + (T_0 &#8211; T_{\\text{env}}) * e^{-kt}\\]\n<p>\u5176\u4e2d\uff0cT(t) \u662f\u65f6\u95f4 t \u65f6\u523b\u7684\u5c38\u4f53\u6e29\u5ea6\uff0cT<sub>env<\/sub> \u662f\u73af\u5883\u6e29\u5ea6\uff0cT<sub>0<\/sub> \u662f\u521d\u59cb\u6e29\u5ea6\uff0ck \u662f\u51b7\u5374\u5e38\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>4. \u836f\u7269\u548c\u6bd2\u7269\u5206\u6790<\/h2>\n<p>\u6cd5\u533b\u70ed\u5206\u6790\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u836f\u7269\u548c\u6bd2\u7269\u7684\u9274\u5b9a\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u70ed\u91cd\u5206\u6790 (TGA) \u548c\u5dee\u793a\u626b\u63cf\u91cf\u70ed\u6cd5 (DSC)\uff0c\u4e13\u5bb6\u80fd\u591f\u6d4b\u5b9a\u836f\u7269\u548c\u6bd2\u7269\u7684\u5206\u89e3\u6e29\u5ea6\u548c\u7279\u6027\u3002\u8fd9\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6bd2\u7269\u68c0\u6d4b\u548c\u836f\u7269\u6ee5\u7528\u5206\u6790\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>5. \u6750\u6599\u5206\u6790<\/h2>\n<p>\u5728\u72af\u7f6a\u73b0\u573a\uff0c\u6cd5\u533b\u4e13\u5bb6\u5e38\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u5206\u6790\u5404\u79cd\u6750\u6599\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u73bb\u7483\u3001\u5851\u6599\u548c\u91d1\u5c5e\u3002\u5dee\u793a\u626b\u63cf\u91cf\u70ed\u6cd5 (DSC) \u548c\u70ed\u673a\u68b0\u5206\u6790 (TMA) 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