{"id":725180,"date":"2024-08-01T16:38:07","date_gmt":"2024-08-01T15:38:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/?p=725180"},"modified":"2024-08-01T16:38:07","modified_gmt":"2024-08-01T15:38:07","slug":"%e7%87%83%e7%83%a7%e8%bf%87%e7%a8%8b%e4%b8%ad5%e7%a7%8d%e7%83%ad%e4%bc%a0%e9%80%92%e6%96%b9%e5%bc%8f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/zh-hans\/%e7%87%83%e7%83%a7%e8%bf%87%e7%a8%8b%e4%b8%ad5%e7%a7%8d%e7%83%ad%e4%bc%a0%e9%80%92%e6%96%b9%e5%bc%8f\/","title":{"rendered":"\u71c3\u70e7\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d5\u79cd\u70ed\u4f20\u9012\u65b9\u5f0f"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"sidekick\">\u71c3\u70e7\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d5\u79cd\u70ed\u4f20\u9012\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u8be6\u7ec6\u89e3\u91ca\u5bfc\u70ed\u3001\u5bf9\u6d41\u3001\u8f90\u5c04\u3001\u76f8\u53d8\u548c\u6df7\u5408\u4f20\u70ed\u7684\u539f\u7406\u53ca\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u8bfb\u8005\u7406\u89e3\u70ed\u80fd\u4f20\u9012\u673a\u5236\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/\u71c3\u70e7\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d5\u79cd\u70ed\u4f20\u9012\u65b9\u5f0f.png\" alt=\"\u71c3\u70e7\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d5\u79cd\u70ed\u4f20\u9012\u65b9\u5f0f\" style=\"display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\"\/><\/p>\n<h2>\u71c3\u70e7\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d5\u79cd\u70ed\u4f20\u9012\u65b9\u5f0f<\/h2>\n<p>\u5728\u71c3\u70e7\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u70ed\u91cf\u7684\u4f20\u9012\u662f\u5173\u952e\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u70ed\u4f20\u9012\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e3b\u8981\u6709\u4e94\u79cd\uff1a\u5bfc\u70ed\u3001\u5bf9\u6d41\u3001\u8f90\u5c04\u3001\u6362\u70ed\u5668\u548c\u76f8\u53d8\u3002\u4e86\u89e3\u8fd9\u4e9b\u70ed\u4f20\u9012\u65b9\u5f0f\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4f18\u5316\u71c3\u70e7\u6548\u7387\u548c\u8bbe\u8ba1\u9ad8\u6548\u70ed\u7cfb\u7edf\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u8fd9\u4e94\u79cd\u70ed\u4f20\u9012\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>1. \u5bfc\u70ed<\/h2>\n<p>\u5bfc\u70ed\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u7269\u8d28\u5185\u90e8\u7684\u5206\u5b50\u6216\u539f\u5b50\u95f4\u7684\u76f4\u63a5\u78b0\u649e\u6765\u4f20\u9012\u7684\u70ed\u91cf\u3002\u5728\u56fa\u4f53\u6750\u6599\u4e2d\uff0c\u5bfc\u70ed\u4e3b\u8981\u53d7\u6750\u6599\u7684\u5bfc\u70ed\u7cfb\u6570\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u5bfc\u70ed\u8fc7\u7a0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u5085\u91cc\u53f6\u5b9a\u5f8b\u8868\u793a\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><i>q = -k \\nabla T<\/i><\/p>\n<p>\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c<i>q<\/i> \u8868\u793a\u70ed\u6d41\u5bc6\u5ea6\uff0c<i>k<\/i> \u662f\u5bfc\u70ed\u7cfb\u6570\uff0c<i>\u2207T<\/i> \u662f\u6e29\u5ea6\u68af\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>2. \u5bf9\u6d41<\/h2>\n<p>\u5bf9\u6d41\u662f\u6d41\u4f53\uff08\u6db2\u4f53\u6216\u6c14\u4f53\uff09\u6d41\u52a8\u65f6\u4f20\u9012\u70ed\u91cf\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u5bf9\u6d41\uff1a\u81ea\u7136\u5bf9\u6d41\u548c\u5f3a\u5236\u5bf9\u6d41\u3002<\/p>\n<p><u1><\/p>\n<li><b>\u81ea\u7136\u5bf9\u6d41\uff1a<\/b>\u7531\u6e29\u5dee\u5f15\u8d77\u7684\u5bc6\u5ea6\u5dee\u5f02\u5bfc\u81f4\u6d41\u4f53\u6d41\u52a8\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4f20\u9012\u70ed\u91cf\u3002<\/li>\n<li><b>\u5f3a\u5236\u5bf9\u6d41\uff1a<\/b>\u901a\u8fc7\u5916\u90e8\u8bbe\u5907\uff08\u5982\u98ce\u6247\u6216\u6cf5\uff09\u5f3a\u5236\u4fc3\u4f7f\u6d41\u4f53\u6d41\u52a8\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4f20\u9012\u70ed\u91cf\u3002<\/li>\n<p><\/u1><\/p>\n<p>\u5bf9\u6d41\u6362\u70ed\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u725b\u987f\u51b7\u5374\u5b9a\u5f8b\u63cf\u8ff0\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><i>Q = h A \u0394T<\/i><\/p>\n<p>\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c<i>Q<\/i> \u662f\u4f20\u9012\u7684\u70ed\u91cf\uff0c<i>h<\/i> \u662f\u5bf9\u6d41\u6362\u70ed\u7cfb\u6570\uff0c<i>A<\/i> \u662f\u6362\u70ed\u9762\u79ef\uff0c<i>\u0394T<\/i> \u662f\u6e29\u5ea6\u5dee\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>3. \u8f90\u5c04<\/h2>\n<p>\u8f90\u5c04\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u7535\u78c1\u6ce2\uff08\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u7ea2\u5916\u7ebf\uff09\u4f20\u9012\u70ed\u91cf\uff0c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u4ecb\u8d28\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u70ed\u4f20\u9012\u65b9\u5f0f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u771f\u7a7a\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u3002\u65af\u8482\u82ac-\u73bb\u5c14\u5179\u66fc\u5b9a\u5f8b\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e86\u8f90\u5c04\u70ed\u91cf\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><i>Q = \u03b5\u03c3AT<sup>4<\/sup><\/i><\/p>\n<p>\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c<i>Q<\/i> \u662f\u8f90\u5c04\u70ed\u91cf\uff0c<i>\u03b5<\/i> \u662f\u7269\u4f53\u7684\u8f90\u5c04\u7387\uff0c<i>\u03c3<\/i> \u662f\u65af\u8482\u82ac-\u73bb\u5c14\u5179\u66fc\u5e38\u6570\uff085.67\u00d710<sup>-8<\/sup> W\/m<sup>2<\/sup>\u00b7K<sup>4<\/sup>\uff09\uff0c<i>A<\/i> \u662f\u8f90\u5c04\u9762\u79ef\uff0c<i>T<\/i> \u662f\u7edd\u5bf9\u6e29\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>4. \u6362\u70ed\u5668<\/h2>\n<p>\u6362\u70ed\u5668\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5229\u7528\u5bfc\u70ed\u548c\u5bf9\u6d41\u7684\u7ec4\u5408\u65b9\u5f0f\u6765\u9ad8\u6548\u4f20\u9012\u70ed\u91cf\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\u3002\u6362\u70ed\u5668\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u5de5\u4e1a\u3001\u6696\u901a\u7a7a\u8c03\u548c\u52a8\u529b\u8bbe\u5907\u4e2d\u3002\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u6362\u70ed\u5668\u7c7b\u578b\u5305\u62ec\u58f3\u7ba1\u5f0f\u3001\u677f\u5f0f\u548c\u7fc5\u7247\u7ba1\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>5. \u76f8\u53d8<\/h2>\n<p>\u76f8\u53d8\u70ed\u4f20\u9012\u6d89\u53ca\u7269\u8d28\u4ece\u4e00\u79cd\u76f8\u53d8\u4e3a\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u76f8\u65f6\u7684\u80fd\u91cf\u8f6c\u6362\u3002\u5178\u578b\u7684\u76f8\u53d8\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5305\u62ec\u6c7d\u5316\uff08\u6db2\u4f53\u53d8\u6210\u6c14\u4f53\uff09\u548c\u51dd\u56fa\uff08\u6db2\u4f53\u53d8\u6210\u56fa\u4f53\uff09\u3002\u76f8\u53d8\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4f20\u9012\u7684\u70ed\u91cf\u901a\u5e38\u79f0\u4e3a\u6f5c\u70ed\u3002\u8ba1\u7b97\u76f8\u53d8\u70ed\u91cf\u7684\u516c\u5f0f\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><i>Q = m L<\/i><\/p>\n<p>\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c<i>Q<\/i> \u662f\u4f20\u9012\u7684\u70ed\u91cf\uff0c<i>m<\/i> \u662f\u7269\u8d28\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\uff0c<i>L<\/i> \u662f\u76f8\u53d8\u6f5c\u70ed\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u603b\u7ed3<\/h2>\n<p>\u71c3\u70e7\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u70ed\u91cf\u7684\u4f20\u9012\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u590d\u6742\u4f46\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u8bfe\u9898\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u7406\u89e3\u5bfc\u70ed\u3001\u5bf9\u6d41\u3001\u8f90\u5c04\u3001\u6362\u70ed\u5668\u548c\u76f8\u53d8\u8fd9\u4e94\u79cd\u70ed\u4f20\u9012\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u4f18\u5316\u71c3\u70e7\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u63d0\u5347\u80fd\u6e90\u5229\u7528\u6548\u7387\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u71c3\u70e7\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d5\u79cd\u70ed\u4f20\u9012\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u8be6\u7ec6\u89e3\u91ca\u5bfc\u70ed\u3001\u5bf9\u6d41\u3001\u8f90\u5c04\u3001\u76f8\u53d8\u548c\u6df7\u5408\u4f20\u70ed\u7684\u539f\u7406\u53ca\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u8bfb\u8005\u7406\u89e3\u70ed\u80fd\u4f20\u9012\u673a\u5236\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[134],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- 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