{"id":725677,"date":"2024-12-12T21:16:59","date_gmt":"2024-12-12T20:16:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/?p=725677"},"modified":"2024-12-12T21:16:59","modified_gmt":"2024-12-12T20:16:59","slug":"%e6%b5%b7%e6%b4%8b%e7%83%ad%e8%83%bd%e7%9a%847%e7%a7%8d%e7%83%ad%e4%bc%a0%e9%80%92%e7%b1%bb%e5%9e%8b","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/zh-hans\/%e6%b5%b7%e6%b4%8b%e7%83%ad%e8%83%bd%e7%9a%847%e7%a7%8d%e7%83%ad%e4%bc%a0%e9%80%92%e7%b1%bb%e5%9e%8b\/","title":{"rendered":"\u6d77\u6d0b\u70ed\u80fd\u76847\u79cd\u70ed\u4f20\u9012\u7c7b\u578b"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"sidekick\">\u6d77\u6d0b\u70ed\u80fd\u76847\u79cd\u70ed\u4f20\u9012\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u6db5\u76d6\u70ed\u4f20\u5bfc\u3001\u5bf9\u6d41\u3001\u8f90\u5c04\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u8be6\u7ec6\u89e3\u91ca\u5404\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u539f\u7406\u53ca\u5176\u5728\u6d77\u6d0b\u5de5\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/\u6d77\u6d0b\u70ed\u80fd\u76847\u79cd\u70ed\u4f20\u9012\u7c7b\u578b.png\" alt=\"\u6d77\u6d0b\u70ed\u80fd\u76847\u79cd\u70ed\u4f20\u9012\u7c7b\u578b\" style=\"display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\"\/><\/p>\n<h2>\u6d77\u6d0b\u70ed\u80fd\u76847\u79cd\u70ed\u4f20\u9012\u7c7b\u578b<\/h2>\n<p>\u6d77\u6d0b\u70ed\u80fd\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u53ef\u518d\u751f\u80fd\u6e90\uff0c\u5176\u70ed\u4f20\u9012\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5728\u70ed\u5de5\u7a0b\u4e2d\u5360\u6709\u91cd\u8981\u5730\u4f4d\u3002\u4e86\u89e3\u70ed\u4f20\u9012\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u7c7b\u578b\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7814\u7a76\u548c\u5229\u7528\u6d77\u6d0b\u70ed\u80fd\u975e\u5e38\u5173\u952e\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u6d77\u6d0b\u70ed\u80fd\u76847\u79cd\u70ed\u4f20\u9012\u7c7b\u578b\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u5bfc\u70ed\uff08Conduction\uff09<\/strong><\/li>\n<p>\u5bfc\u70ed\u662f\u6307\u70ed\u91cf\u901a\u8fc7\u7269\u8d28\u5185\u90e8\u5206\u5b50\u7684\u76f8\u4e92\u78b0\u649e\u6216\u81ea\u7531\u7535\u5b50\u7684\u79fb\u52a8\uff0c\u4ece\u9ad8\u6e29\u533a\u4f20\u9012\u5230\u4f4e\u6e29\u533a\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u5728\u6d77\u6d0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6c34\u5206\u5b50\u7684\u632f\u52a8\u548c\u78b0\u649e\u5bfc\u81f4\u70ed\u91cf\u4f20\u5bfc\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u70ed\u4f20\u9012\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u5bfc\u70ed\u7684\u516c\u5f0f\u4e3a\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><em>Q = -kA \\frac{dT}{dx}<\/em><\/p>\n<li><strong>\u5bf9\u6d41\uff08Convection\uff09<\/strong><\/li>\n<p>\u5bf9\u6d41\u662f\u6307\u70ed\u91cf\u901a\u8fc7\u6d41\u4f53\uff08\u6db2\u4f53\u6216\u6c14\u4f53\uff09\u7684\u5b8f\u89c2\u6d41\u52a8\u4ece\u4e00\u4e2a\u5730\u65b9\u4f20\u9012\u5230\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u5730\u65b9\u3002\u5728\u6d77\u6d0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6c34\u7684\u6d41\u52a8\u548c\u6e29\u5ea6\u5dee\u5f02\u5f15\u8d77\u7684\u70ed\u5bf9\u6d41\u5341\u5206\u5e38\u89c1\u3002\u5bf9\u6d41\u5206\u4e3a\u81ea\u7136\u5bf9\u6d41\u548c\u5f3a\u5236\u5bf9\u6d41\u4e24\u79cd\u3002\u5bf9\u6d41\u70ed\u4f20\u9012\u7684\u516c\u5f0f\u4e3a\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><em>Q = hA(T_s &#8211; T_f)<\/em><\/p>\n<li><strong>\u8f90\u5c04\uff08Radiation\uff09<\/strong><\/li>\n<p>\u8f90\u5c04\u662f\u6307\u70ed\u91cf\u4ee5\u7535\u78c1\u6ce2\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u4ece\u4e00\u4e2a\u7269\u4f53\u4f20\u9012\u5230\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u7269\u4f53\u3002\u6d77\u6c34\u5438\u6536\u592a\u9633\u7684\u8f90\u5c04\u80fd\u91cf\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u6d77\u6d0b\u6210\u4e3a\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u70ed\u80fd\u5e93\u3002\u8f90\u5c04\u70ed\u4f20\u9012\u7684\u516c\u5f0f\u4e3a\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><em>Q = \\sigma \\epsilon A(T_s^4 &#8211; T_c^4)<\/em><\/p>\n<li><strong>\u84b8\u53d1\uff08Evaporation\uff09<\/strong><\/li>\n<p>\u84b8\u53d1\u662f\u5c06\u6c34\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u6c34\u84b8\u6c14\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u5c06\u70ed\u91cf\u91ca\u653e\u5230\u7a7a\u6c14\u4e2d\u3002\u6d77\u6d0b\u8868\u9762\u6c34\u7684\u84b8\u53d1\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u70ed\u4f20\u9012\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u84b8\u53d1\u70ed\u4f20\u9012\u7684\u516c\u5f0f\u4e3a\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><em>Q = mL_v<\/em><\/p>\n<li><strong>\u51dd\u7ed3\uff08Condensation\uff09<\/strong><\/li>\n<p>\u51dd\u7ed3\u662f\u6c34\u84b8\u6c14\u53d8\u6210\u6db2\u6001\u6c34\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u5e76\u91ca\u653e\u6f5c\u70ed\u3002\u5728\u6d77\u6d0b\u4e0a\u7a7a\uff0c\u6c34\u84b8\u6c14\u51dd\u7ed3\u5f62\u6210\u4e91\u5c42\u548c\u96e8\u6c34\uff0c\u91ca\u653e\u5927\u91cf\u70ed\u91cf\u3002\u51dd\u7ed3\u70ed\u4f20\u9012\u7684\u516c\u5f0f\u4e3a\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><em>Q = mL_c<\/em><\/p>\n<li><strong>\u70ed\u6269\u6563\uff08Thermal Diffusion\uff09<\/strong><\/li>\n<p>\u70ed\u6269\u6563\u662f\u6307\u70ed\u91cf\u5728\u6d41\u4f53\u4e2d\u56e0\u4e3a\u8d28\u91cf\u6269\u6563\u800c\u4f20\u9012\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u5728\u6d77\u6d0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u76d0\u5ea6\u548c\u6e29\u5ea6\u68af\u5ea6\u5f15\u8d77\u7684\u70ed\u6269\u6563\u5bf9\u6d77\u6d0b\u70ed\u80fd\u7684\u5206\u5e03\u8d77\u5230\u91cd\u8981\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u70ed\u6269\u6563\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\u516c\u5f0f\u4e3a\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><em>Q = D \\Delta T<\/em><\/p>\n<li><strong>\u70ed\u6df7\u5408\uff08Thermal Mixing\uff09<\/strong><\/li>\n<p>\u70ed\u6df7\u5408\u662f\u6307\u4e0d\u540c\u6e29\u5ea6\u7684\u6d41\u4f53\u5728\u5b8f\u89c2\u8fd0\u52a8\u4e0b\u76f8\u4e92\u6df7\u5408\uff0c\u5747\u5300\u5316\u6e29\u5ea6\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u5728\u6d77\u6d0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6d0b\u6d41\u548c\u6e4d\u6d41\u7684\u6df7\u5408\u4f5c\u7528\u53ef\u4ee5\u663e\u8457\u5f71\u54cd\u70ed\u80fd\u7684\u5206\u5e03\u3002\u70ed\u6df7\u5408\u6ca1\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u7edf\u4e00\u7684\u516c\u5f0f\uff0c\u4f46\u901a\u5e38\u6d89\u53ca\u590d\u6742\u7684\u6d41\u4f53\u529b\u5b66\u65b9\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u901a\u8fc7\u7406\u89e3\u8fd9\u4e03\u79cd\u70ed\u4f20\u9012\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u8bbe\u8ba1\u548c\u4f18\u5316\u6d77\u6d0b\u70ed\u80fd\u5229\u7528\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u80fd\u6e90\u5229\u7528\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u4e3a\u53ef\u6301\u7eed\u53d1\u5c55\u505a\u51fa\u8d21\u732e\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u6d77\u6d0b\u70ed\u80fd\u76847\u79cd\u70ed\u4f20\u9012\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u6db5\u76d6\u70ed\u4f20\u5bfc\u3001\u5bf9\u6d41\u3001\u8f90\u5c04\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u8be6\u7ec6\u89e3\u91ca\u5404\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u539f\u7406\u53ca\u5176\u5728\u6d77\u6d0b\u5de5\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[134],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- 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