{"id":725943,"date":"2024-10-30T09:14:46","date_gmt":"2024-10-30T08:14:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/?p=725943"},"modified":"2024-10-30T09:14:46","modified_gmt":"2024-10-30T08:14:46","slug":"%e5%8f%91%e9%85%b5%e8%bf%87%e7%a8%8b%e4%b8%ad7%e7%a7%8d%e4%bc%a0%e7%83%ad%e6%96%b9%e5%bc%8f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/zh-hans\/%e5%8f%91%e9%85%b5%e8%bf%87%e7%a8%8b%e4%b8%ad7%e7%a7%8d%e4%bc%a0%e7%83%ad%e6%96%b9%e5%bc%8f\/","title":{"rendered":"\u53d1\u9175\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d7\u79cd\u4f20\u70ed\u65b9\u5f0f"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"sidekick\">\u53d1\u9175\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d7\u79cd\u4f20\u70ed\u65b9\u5f0f\u8be6\u7ec6\u89e3\u6790\uff0c\u4ece\u5bfc\u70ed\u3001\u5bf9\u6d41\u5230\u8f90\u5c04\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u8bfb\u8005\u7406\u89e3\u6bcf\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u5728\u53d1\u9175\u4e2d\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u4e0e\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u63d0\u5347\u5de5\u7a0b\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u77e5\u8bc6\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/\u53d1\u9175\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d7\u79cd\u4f20\u70ed\u65b9\u5f0f.png\" alt=\"\u53d1\u9175\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d7\u79cd\u4f20\u70ed\u65b9\u5f0f\" style=\"display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\"\/><\/p>\n<h2>\u53d1\u9175\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d7\u79cd\u4f20\u70ed\u65b9\u5f0f<\/h2>\n<p>\u5728\u53d1\u9175\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6e29\u5ea6\u63a7\u5236\u662f\u5f71\u54cd\u53d1\u9175\u6548\u679c\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u56e0\u7d20\u3002\u4e86\u89e3\u548c\u5e94\u7528\u4f20\u70ed\u65b9\u5f0f\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4f18\u5316\u53d1\u9175\u8fc7\u7a0b\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u4ecb\u7ecd\u53d1\u9175\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u5e38\u89c1\u76847\u79cd\u4f20\u70ed\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n<p><u1><\/p>\n<li>\u5bfc\u70ed<\/li>\n<li>\u5bf9\u6d41<\/li>\n<li>\u8f90\u5c04<\/li>\n<li>\u76f8\u53d8\u4f20\u70ed<\/li>\n<li>\u6405\u62cc\u4f20\u70ed<\/li>\n<li>\u7269\u8d28\u8f93\u9001\u4f20\u70ed<\/li>\n<li>\u751f\u7269\u70ed\u6548\u5e94\u4f20\u70ed<\/li>\n<p><\/u1><\/p>\n<h2>1. \u5bfc\u70ed<\/h2>\n<p>\u5bfc\u70ed\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u5206\u5b50\u6216\u539f\u5b50\u7684\u78b0\u649e\u548c\u632f\u52a8\uff0c\u5c06\u70ed\u91cf\u4ece\u9ad8\u6e29\u533a\u4f20\u9012\u5230\u4f4e\u6e29\u533a\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u5b83\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u4ecb\u8d28\u7684\u6d41\u52a8\u3002\u5bfc\u70ed\u7387\uff08k\uff09\u53cd\u6620\u4e86\u6750\u6599\u4f20\u5bfc\u70ed\u91cf\u7684\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u7528\u516c\u5f0f\u8868\u793a\u4e3a\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>q = -k \\nabla T<\/p>\n<p>\u5176\u4e2d\uff0cq\u8868\u793a\u70ed\u901a\u91cf\uff0ck\u8868\u793a\u5bfc\u70ed\u7cfb\u6570\uff0c\\(\\nabla T\\) \u8868\u793a\u6e29\u5ea6\u68af\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>2. \u5bf9\u6d41<\/h2>\n<p>\u5bf9\u6d41\u662f\u6307\u7531\u4e8e\u6d41\u4f53\u7684\u8fd0\u52a8\u800c\u5f15\u8d77\u7684\u70ed\u91cf\u4f20\u9012\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u81ea\u7136\u5bf9\u6d41\u548c\u5f3a\u5236\u5bf9\u6d41\u3002\u5f3a\u5236\u5bf9\u6d41\u901a\u5e38\u5229\u7528\u5916\u90e8\u8bbe\u5907\uff08\u5982\u6405\u62cc\u5668\uff09\u589e\u5f3a\u70ed\u91cf\u4f20\u9012\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5bf9\u6d41\u6362\u70ed\u516c\u5f0f\u4e3a\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>q = hA(T_s &#8211; T_f)<\/p>\n<p>\u5176\u4e2d\uff0cq\u8868\u793a\u70ed\u91cf\uff0ch\u8868\u793a\u5bf9\u6d41\u70ed\u4f20\u9012\u7cfb\u6570\uff0cA\u8868\u793a\u63a5\u89e6\u9762\u79ef\uff0c\\(T_s\\) \u8868\u793a\u56fa\u4f53\u8868\u9762\u6e29\u5ea6\uff0c\\(T_f\\) \u8868\u793a\u6d41\u4f53\u6e29\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>3. \u8f90\u5c04<\/h2>\n<p>\u8f90\u5c04\u901a\u8fc7\u7535\u78c1\u6ce2\u4f20\u9012\u70ed\u91cf\uff0c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u4ecb\u8d28\u3002\u6240\u6709\u7269\u4f53\u5728\u7edd\u5bf9\u96f6\u5ea6\u4ee5\u4e0a\u90fd\u4f1a\u53d1\u51fa\u8f90\u5c04\u80fd\u91cf\u3002\u8f90\u5c04\u6362\u70ed\u516c\u5f0f\u4e3a\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>q = \\epsilon \\sigma A(T_s^4 &#8211; T_e^4)<\/p>\n<p>\u5176\u4e2d\uff0cq\u8868\u793a\u70ed\u91cf\uff0c\\(\\epsilon\\) \u8868\u793a\u7269\u4f53\u7684\u53d1\u5c04\u7387\uff0c\\(\\sigma\\) \u662f\u65af\u7279\u6cd5-\u73bb\u5c14\u5179\u66fc\u5e38\u6570\uff0c\\(T_s\\) \u4e3a\u53d1\u5c04\u4f53\u8868\u9762\u6e29\u5ea6\uff0c\\(T_e\\) \u4e3a\u5468\u56f4\u73af\u5883\u7684\u6e29\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>4. \u76f8\u53d8\u4f20\u70ed<\/h2>\n<p>\u76f8\u53d8\u4f20\u70ed\u53d1\u751f\u5728\u7269\u8d28\u7531\u4e00\u79cd\u76f8\u6001\u8f6c\u53d8\u4e3a\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u76f8\u6001\u65f6\uff0c\u5982\u6db2\u4f53\u84b8\u53d1\u4e3a\u6c14\u4f53\u6216\u8005\u56fa\u4f53\u7194\u5316\u4e3a\u6db2\u4f53\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u4f20\u70ed\u65b9\u5f0f\u5728\u53d1\u9175\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u5982\u6c34\u7684\u84b8\u53d1\u548c\u51b7\u51dd\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>5. \u6405\u62cc\u4f20\u70ed<\/h2>\n<p>\u5728\u53d1\u9175\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6405\u62cc\u53ef\u4ee5\u589e\u52a0\u70ed\u91cf\u4f20\u9012\u7684\u6548\u7387\u3002\u6405\u62cc\u5668\u901a\u8fc7\u673a\u68b0\u8fd0\u52a8\u589e\u52a0\u6db2\u4f53\u5185\u90e8\u7684\u6df7\u5408\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u52a0\u901f\u70ed\u91cf\u5728\u6574\u4e2a\u5bb9\u5668\u5185\u7684\u5206\u5e03\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>6. \u7269\u8d28\u8f93\u9001\u4f20\u70ed<\/h2>\n<p>\u7269\u8d28\u8f93\u9001\u4f20\u70ed\u6307\u901a\u8fc7\u7269\u8d28\u4ece\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f4d\u7f6e\u5230\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7684\u79fb\u52a8\uff08\u5982\u6cf5\u9001\uff09\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u4f20\u70ed\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u5728\u53d1\u9175\u7f50\u4e4b\u95f4\u6216\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u5c24\u4e3a\u660e\u663e\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>7. \u751f\u7269\u70ed\u6548\u5e94\u4f20\u70ed<\/h2>\n<p>\u7531\u4e8e\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u7684\u65b0\u9648\u4ee3\u8c22\u6d3b\u52a8\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u70ed\u91cf\uff0c\u8fd9\u90e8\u5206\u70ed\u91cf\u4e5f\u9700\u8981\u5728\u53d1\u9175\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u8003\u8651\u3002\u53d1\u9175\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u751f\u7269\u70ed\u6548\u5e94\u5e38\u5bfc\u81f4\u7cfb\u7edf\u5185\u90e8\u6e29\u5ea6\u7684\u4e0a\u5347\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u9700\u8981\u901a\u8fc7\u5408\u9002\u7684\u4f20\u70ed\u65b9\u5f0f\u8fdb\u884c\u63a7\u5236\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u603b\u7ed3\uff0c\u53d1\u9175\u8fc7\u7a0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u590d\u6742\u7684\u4f20\u70ed\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u6d89\u53ca\u591a\u79cd\u4f20\u70ed\u65b9\u5f0f\u7684\u7efc\u5408\u5e94\u7528\u3002\u7406\u89e3\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4f20\u70ed\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u63a7\u5236\u53d1\u9175\u6e29\u5ea6\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u53d1\u9175\u6548\u7387\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u53d1\u9175\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d7\u79cd\u4f20\u70ed\u65b9\u5f0f\u8be6\u7ec6\u89e3\u6790\uff0c\u4ece\u5bfc\u70ed\u3001\u5bf9\u6d41\u5230\u8f90\u5c04\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u8bfb\u8005\u7406\u89e3\u6bcf\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u5728\u53d1\u9175\u4e2d\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u4e0e\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u63d0\u5347\u5de5\u7a0b\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u77e5\u8bc6\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[134],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- 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