{"id":727522,"date":"2024-11-16T23:26:20","date_gmt":"2024-11-16T22:26:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/?p=727522"},"modified":"2024-11-16T23:26:20","modified_gmt":"2024-11-16T22:26:20","slug":"%e7%83%ad%e7%ae%a1%e7%90%86%e4%b8%ad%e7%9a%8412%e7%a7%8d%e7%83%ad%e6%b5%81%e5%88%86%e6%9e%90%e7%b1%bb%e5%9e%8b","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/zh-hans\/%e7%83%ad%e7%ae%a1%e7%90%86%e4%b8%ad%e7%9a%8412%e7%a7%8d%e7%83%ad%e6%b5%81%e5%88%86%e6%9e%90%e7%b1%bb%e5%9e%8b\/","title":{"rendered":"\u70ed\u7ba1\u7406\u4e2d\u768412\u79cd\u70ed\u6d41\u5206\u6790\u7c7b\u578b"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u70ed\u7ba1\u7406\u4e2d\u768412\u79cd\u70ed\u6d41\u5206\u6790\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u70ed\u7ba1\u7406\u6280\u672f\u4e2d\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u70ed\u6d41\u5206\u6790\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u7406\u89e3\u548c\u4f18\u5316\u70ed\u4f20\u9012\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u7cfb\u7edf\u6548\u7387\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\u70ed\u7ba1\u7406\u4e2d\u768412\u79cd\u70ed\u6d41\u5206\u6790\u7c7b\u578b\"<\/p>\n

\u70ed\u7ba1\u7406\u4e2d\u768412\u79cd\u70ed\u6d41\u5206\u6790\u7c7b\u578b<\/h2>\n

\u70ed\u6d41\u5206\u6790\u662f\u70ed\u7ba1\u7406\u4e2d\u7684\u5173\u952e\u73af\u8282\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5206\u6790\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u51c6\u786e\u5730\u9884\u6d4b\u548c\u63a7\u5236\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u6e29\u5ea6\u53d8\u5316\u4ee5\u53ca\u70ed\u91cf\u4f20\u9012\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u70ed\u7ba1\u7406\u4e2d\u5e38\u7528\u768412\u79cd\u70ed\u6d41\u5206\u6790\u7c7b\u578b\uff1a<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. \u4e00\u7ef4\u7a33\u6001\u70ed\u4f20\u5bfc\u5206\u6790<\/strong><\/li>\n

    \u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u7528\u6765\u5206\u6790\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a7a\u95f4\u7ef4\u5ea6\u4e0a\u7684\u7a33\u6001\u6e29\u5ea6\u5206\u5e03\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u89e3\u51b3\u4e00\u7ef4\u70ed\u4f20\u5bfc\u65b9\u7a0b \\(\\frac{d^2 T}{dx^2} = 0\\)\uff0c\u53ef\u627e\u5230\u7cfb\u7edf\u5728\u7a33\u6001\u4e0b\u7684\u6e29\u5ea6\u5206\u5e03\u3002<\/p>\n

  2. \u4e8c\u7ef4\u7a33\u6001\u70ed\u4f20\u5bfc\u5206\u6790<\/strong><\/li>\n

    \u7528\u4e8e\u5206\u6790\u5728\u4e24\u4e2a\u7a7a\u95f4\u7ef4\u5ea6\u4e0a\u7684\u6e29\u5ea6\u5206\u5e03\u3002\u5229\u7528\u4e8c\u7ef4\u70ed\u4f20\u5bfc\u65b9\u7a0b \\(\\frac{\\partial^2 T}{\\partial x^2} + \\frac{\\partial^2 T}{\\partial y^2} = 0\\)\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f97\u5230\u8be6\u7ec6\u7684\u7a33\u6001\u6e29\u5ea6\u5206\u5e03\u3002<\/p>\n

  3. \u4e09\u7ef4\u7a33\u6001\u70ed\u4f20\u5bfc\u5206\u6790<\/strong><\/li>\n

    \u5728\u66f4\u52a0\u590d\u6742\u7684\u4e09\u7ef4\u7a7a\u95f4\u5185\u8fdb\u884c\u7a33\u6001\u6e29\u5ea6\u5206\u6790\u3002\u8fd9\u901a\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u590d\u6742\u7684\u6570\u503c\u65b9\u6cd5\u5982\u6709\u9650\u5143\u6cd5\u6765\u89e3\u51b3\u4e09\u7ef4\u70ed\u4f20\u5bfc\u65b9\u7a0b \\(\\nabla^2 T = 0\\)\u3002<\/p>\n

  4. \u4e00\u7ef4\u77ac\u6001\u70ed\u4f20\u5bfc\u5206\u6790<\/strong><\/li>\n

    \u7528\u4e8e\u5206\u6790\u65f6\u95f4\u7ef4\u5ea6\u4e0a\u6e29\u5ea6\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u3002\u89e3\u51b3\u4e00\u7ef4\u77ac\u6001\u70ed\u4f20\u5bfc\u65b9\u7a0b \\(\\frac{\\partial T}{\\partial t} = \\alpha \\frac{\\partial^2 T}{\\partial x^2}\\)\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u83b7\u5f97\u6e29\u5ea6\u968f\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u60c5\u51b5\u3002<\/p>\n

  5. \u4e8c\u7ef4\u77ac\u6001\u70ed\u4f20\u5bfc\u5206\u6790<\/strong><\/li>\n

    \u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e00\u7ef4\u77ac\u6001\u70ed\u4f20\u5bfc\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u4e24\u4e2a\u7a7a\u95f4\u7ef4\u5ea6\u4e0a\u8fdb\u884c\u3002\u89e3\u51b3 \\(\\frac{\\partial T}{\\partial t} = \\alpha \\left( \\frac{\\partial^2 T}{\\partial x^2} + \\frac{\\partial^2 T}{\\partial y^2} \\right)\\)\u65b9\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n

  6. \u4e09\u7ef4\u77ac\u6001\u70ed\u4f20\u5bfc\u5206\u6790<\/strong><\/li>\n

    \u8003\u8651\u65f6\u95f4\u548c\u4e09\u4e2a\u7a7a\u95f4\u7ef4\u5ea6\u7684\u70ed\u4f20\u5bfc\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u901a\u8fc7 \\(\\frac{\\partial T}{\\partial t} = \\alpha \\nabla^2 T\\)\u65b9\u7a0b\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u884c\u8be6\u7ec6\u7684\u6e29\u5ea6\u53d8\u5316\u5206\u6790\u3002<\/p>\n

  7. \u5bf9\u6d41\u4f20\u70ed\u5206\u6790<\/strong><\/li>\n

    \u7814\u7a76\u6d41\u4f53\u4e2d\u7684\u70ed\u91cf\u4f20\u9012\u3002\u5bf9\u6d41\u4f20\u70ed\u65b9\u7a0b\u4e3a \\(q = hA(T_s – T_\\infty)\\)\uff0c\u5176\u4e2dh\u662f\u5bf9\u6d41\u6362\u70ed\u7cfb\u6570\uff0c\\(T_s\\)\u662f\u8868\u9762\u6e29\u5ea6\uff0c\\(T_\\infty\\)\u662f\u6d41\u4f53\u6e29\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n

  8. \u8f90\u5c04\u4f20\u70ed\u5206\u6790<\/strong><\/li>\n

    \u7528\u4e8e\u5206\u6790\u4e0d\u540c\u8868\u9762\u4e4b\u95f4\u901a\u8fc7\u7535\u78c1\u6ce2\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u70ed\u91cf\u4f20\u9012\u3002\u8f90\u5c04\u4f20\u70ed\u65b9\u7a0b\u4e3a \\(q = \\epsilon \\sigma A (T^4 – T_{sur}^4)\\)\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\\(\\epsilon\\)\u662f\u53d1\u5c04\u7387\uff0c\\(\\sigma\\)\u662f\u65af\u8482\u82ac-\u73bb\u5c14\u5179\u66fc\u5e38\u6570\uff0c\\(T\\)\u548c\\(T_{sur}\\)\u5206\u522b\u662f\u7269\u4f53\u548c\u5468\u56f4\u8868\u9762\u7684\u6e29\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n

  9. \u7ec4\u5408\u4f20\u70ed\u5206\u6790<\/strong><\/li>\n

    \u8003\u8651\u5bfc\u70ed\u3001\u5bf9\u6d41\u548c\u8f90\u5c04\u7b49\u591a\u79cd\u4f20\u70ed\u65b9\u5f0f\u7efc\u5408\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u901a\u8fc7\u6570\u503c\u6a21\u62df\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u6790\u3002<\/p>\n

  10. \u8282\u80fd\u70ed\u5206\u6790<\/strong><\/li>\n

    \u4e3b\u8981\u5206\u6790\u5982\u4f55\u901a\u8fc7\u4f18\u5316\u70ed\u7ba1\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf\u6765\u8282\u7701\u80fd\u6e90\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u6d89\u53ca\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6027\u548c\u73af\u5883\u56e0\u7d20\u7684\u8003\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n

  11. \u76f8\u53d8\u70ed\u4f20\u9012\u5206\u6790<\/strong><\/li>\n

    \u7814\u7a76\u6750\u6599\u5728\u76f8\u53d8\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff08\u5982\u878d\u5316\u6216\u51dd\u56fa\uff09\u7684\u70ed\u4f20\u9012\u73b0\u8c61\uff0c\u91cd\u8981\u5e94\u7528\u5305\u62ec\u51b0\u7bb1\u3001\u7a7a\u8c03\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n

  12. \u7eb3\u5c3a\u5ea6\u70ed\u4f20\u5bfc\u5206\u6790<\/strong><\/li>\n

    \u5728\u5fae\u7eb3\u7c73\u5c3a\u5ea6\u4e0a\u5206\u6790\u70ed\u91cf\u4f20\u9012\u73b0\u8c61\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u7535\u5b50\u5668\u4ef6\u548c\u7eb3\u7c73\u6750\u6599\u70ed\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u65b9\u5411\u3002<\/p>\n<\/ol>\n

    \u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u4ee5\u4e0a12\u79cd\u70ed\u6d41\u5206\u6790\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u6df1\u5165\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u7406\u89e3\u548c\u5e94\u7528\u70ed\u4f20\u9012\u73b0\u8c61\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4f18\u5316\u70ed\u7ba1\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u80fd\u6e90\u6548\u7387\u548c\u7cfb\u7edf\u53ef\u9760\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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