{"id":730678,"date":"2024-10-15T18:56:08","date_gmt":"2024-10-15T17:56:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/?p=730678"},"modified":"2024-10-15T18:56:08","modified_gmt":"2024-10-15T17:56:08","slug":"%e9%a3%9f%e5%93%81%e5%8a%a0%e5%b7%a5%e4%b8%ad%e7%9a%84%e4%bc%a0%e7%83%ad%e5%bb%ba%e6%a8%a1","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/zh-hans\/%e9%a3%9f%e5%93%81%e5%8a%a0%e5%b7%a5%e4%b8%ad%e7%9a%84%e4%bc%a0%e7%83%ad%e5%bb%ba%e6%a8%a1\/","title":{"rendered":"\u98df\u54c1\u52a0\u5de5\u4e2d\u7684\u4f20\u70ed\u5efa\u6a21"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"sidekick\">\u98df\u54c1\u52a0\u5de5\u4e2d\u7684\u4f20\u70ed\u5efa\u6a21\uff1a\u89e3\u6790\u4f20\u70ed\u5728\u98df\u54c1\u52a0\u5de5\u4e2d\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u539f\u7406\uff0c\u63a2\u8ba8\u5982\u4f55\u5229\u7528\u4f20\u70ed\u5efa\u6a21\u4f18\u5316\u8fc7\u7a0b\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u98df\u54c1\u5b89\u5168\u4e0e\u54c1\u8d28\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/\u98df\u54c1\u52a0\u5de5\u4e2d\u7684\u4f20\u70ed\u5efa\u6a21.png\" alt=\"\u98df\u54c1\u52a0\u5de5\u4e2d\u7684\u4f20\u70ed\u5efa\u6a21\" style=\"display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\"\/><\/p>\n<h2>\u98df\u54c1\u52a0\u5de5\u4e2d\u7684\u4f20\u70ed\u5efa\u6a21<\/h2>\n<p>\u70ed\u4f20\u5bfc\u662f\u6307\u70ed\u91cf\u901a\u8fc7\u7269\u8d28\u4ece\u9ad8\u6e29\u533a\u57df\u4f20\u9012\u5230\u4f4e\u6e29\u533a\u57df\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u5728\u98df\u54c1\u52a0\u5de5\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f20\u70ed\u5efa\u6a21\u662f\u4e00\u9879\u5173\u952e\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u5b83\u80fd\u5e2e\u52a9\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6709\u6548\u7684\u52a0\u5de5\u8bbe\u5907\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u98df\u54c1\u7684\u54c1\u8d28\u548c\u5b89\u5168\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u4f20\u70ed\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6982\u5ff5<\/h2>\n<p>\u4f20\u70ed\u6709\u4e09\u79cd\u4e3b\u8981\u65b9\u5f0f\uff1a\u5bfc\u70ed\u3001\u5bf9\u6d41\u548c\u8f90\u5c04\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u5b9a\u4e49\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b>\u5bfc\u70ed<\/b>\uff1a\u70ed\u91cf\u901a\u8fc7\u56fa\u4f53\u6750\u6599\u4ece\u4e00\u4e2a\u5206\u5b50\u4f20\u9012\u5230\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u5206\u5b50\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u4e00\u6839\u91d1\u5c5e\u68d2\u4e00\u7aef\u88ab\u52a0\u70ed\u540e\uff0c\u70ed\u91cf\u901a\u8fc7\u5bfc\u70ed\u9010\u6e10\u4f20\u81f3\u53e6\u4e00\u7aef\u3002<\/li>\n<li><b>\u5bf9\u6d41<\/b>\uff1a\u70ed\u91cf\u5728\u6d41\u4f53\uff08\u6db2\u4f53\u6216\u6c14\u4f53\uff09\u4e2d\u4f20\u9012\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u6db2\u4f53\u6216\u6c14\u4f53\u6d41\u52a8\u65f6\uff0c\u70ed\u91cf\u968f\u7740\u6d41\u52a8\u7684\u4ecb\u8d28\u4e00\u8d77\u79fb\u52a8\u3002<\/li>\n<li><b>\u8f90\u5c04<\/b>\uff1a\u70ed\u91cf\u4ee5\u7535\u78c1\u6ce2\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u4ece\u4e00\u4e2a\u7269\u4f53\u4f20\u9012\u5230\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u7269\u4f53\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u70ed\u8f90\u5c04\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u4ecb\u8d28\uff0c\u80fd\u5728\u771f\u7a7a\u4e2d\u4f20\u64ad\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u4f20\u70ed\u65b9\u7a0b<\/h2>\n<p>\u5728\u98df\u54c1\u52a0\u5de5\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u4e9b\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u4f20\u70ed\u65b9\u7a0b\u6765\u63cf\u8ff0\u70ed\u91cf\u4f20\u9012\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<h3>\u5085\u91cc\u53f6\u70ed\u4f20\u5bfc\u5b9a\u5f8b<\/h3>\n<p>\u5085\u91cc\u53f6\u5b9a\u5f8b\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e86\u5bfc\u70ed\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u70ed\u6d41\u5bc6\u5ea6\uff0c\u4e0e\u6e29\u5ea6\u68af\u5ea6\u6210\u6b63\u6bd4\uff1a<\/p>\n<p> \\( q = -k \\nabla T \\) <\/p>\n<p>\u5176\u4e2d\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li> \\( q \\) \uff1a\u70ed\u6d41\u5bc6\u5ea6\uff0c\u5355\u4f4d\u4e3a \\(\\text{W\/m}^2\\)\u3002<\/li>\n<li> \\( k \\) \uff1a\u6750\u6599\u7684\u5bfc\u70ed\u7cfb\u6570\uff0c\u5355\u4f4d\u4e3a \\(\\text{W\/(m\u00b7K)}\\)\u3002<\/li>\n<li> \\( \\nabla T \\) \uff1a\u6e29\u5ea6\u68af\u5ea6\uff0c\u5355\u4f4d\u4e3a \\(\\text{K\/m}\\)\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u5bf9\u6d41\u6362\u70ed\u65b9\u7a0b<\/h3>\n<p>\u5bf9\u6d41\u6362\u70ed\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u516c\u5f0f\u8868\u793a\uff1a<\/p>\n<p> \\( q = hA(T_s &#8211; T_{\\infty}) \\) <\/p>\n<p>\u5176\u4e2d\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li> \\( q \\) \uff1a\u4f20\u9012\u7684\u70ed\u91cf\uff0c\u5355\u4f4d\u4e3a \\(\\text{W}\\)\u3002<\/li>\n<li> \\( h \\) \uff1a\u5bf9\u6d41\u6362\u70ed\u7cfb\u6570\uff0c\u5355\u4f4d\u4e3a \\(\\text{W\/(m}^2\\text{\u00b7K)}\\)\u3002<\/li>\n<li> \\( A \\) \uff1a\u4f20\u70ed\u9762\u79ef\uff0c\u5355\u4f4d\u4e3a \\(\\text{m}^2\\)\u3002<\/li>\n<li> \\( T_s \\) \uff1a\u8868\u9762\u6e29\u5ea6\uff0c\u5355\u4f4d\u4e3a \\(\\text{K}\\)\u3002<\/li>\n<li> \\( T_{\\infty} \\) \uff1a\u6d41\u4f53\u8fdc\u5904\u7684\u6e29\u5ea6\uff0c\u5355\u4f4d\u4e3a \\(\\text{K}\\)\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>\u4f20\u70ed\u5efa\u6a21\u5728\u98df\u54c1\u52a0\u5de5\u4e2d\u7684\u5e94\u7528<\/h2>\n<p>\u5728\u98df\u54c1\u52a0\u5de5\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f20\u70ed\u5efa\u6a21\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u591a\u79cd\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f\uff0c\u5982\u52a0\u70ed\u3001\u51b7\u5374\u3001\u51bb\u7ed3\u548c\u5e72\u71e5\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u52a0\u70ed\u8fc7\u7a0b<\/h3>\n<p>\u5728\u98df\u54c1\u52a0\u70ed\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4f20\u70ed\u5efa\u6a21\u6765\u786e\u5b9a\u52a0\u70ed\u65f6\u95f4\u548c\u80fd\u91cf\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u98df\u54c1\u88ab\u5747\u5300\u52a0\u70ed\u5230\u5b89\u5168\u6e29\u5ea6\u3002\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u5305\u62ec\u7a33\u6001\u5bfc\u70ed\u6a21\u578b\u548c\u77ac\u6001\u5bfc\u70ed\u6a21\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u51b7\u5374\u548c\u51bb\u7ed3\u8fc7\u7a0b<\/h3>\n<p>\u51b7\u5374\u548c\u51bb\u7ed3\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u4f20\u70ed\u5efa\u6a21\u53ef\u5e2e\u52a9\u786e\u5b9a\u51b7\u5374\u901f\u7387\u548c\u8282\u70b9\u6e29\u5ea6\uff0c\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u98df\u54c1\u7684\u8d28\u5730\u548c\u98ce\u5473\u4e0d\u53d7\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u5178\u578b\u6a21\u578b\u5305\u62ec\u725b\u987f\u51b7\u5374\u6a21\u578b\u548c\u76f8\u53d8\u6a21\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u5e72\u71e5\u8fc7\u7a0b<\/h3>\n<p>\u98df\u54c1\u5e72\u71e5\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f20\u70ed\u548c\u4f20\u8d28\u540c\u65f6\u53d1\u751f\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u8026\u5408\u7684\u4f20\u70ed\u4f20\u8d28\u6a21\u578b\u6765\u4f18\u5316\u5e72\u71e5\u65f6\u95f4\u548c\u80fd\u91cf\u6d88\u8017\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u7ed3\u8bba<\/h2>\n<p>\u4f20\u70ed\u5efa\u6a21\u5728\u98df\u54c1\u52a0\u5de5\u4e2d\u5177\u6709\u91cd\u8981\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u7406\u89e3\u548c\u5e94\u7528\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u4f20\u70ed\u65b9\u7a0b\uff0c\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbe\u8ba1\u51fa\u66f4\u9ad8\u6548\u3001\u66f4\u53ef\u9760\u7684\u98df\u54c1\u52a0\u5de5\u8bbe\u5907\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u98df\u54c1\u7684\u54c1\u8d28\u548c\u5b89\u5168\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u98df\u54c1\u52a0\u5de5\u4e2d\u7684\u4f20\u70ed\u5efa\u6a21\uff1a\u89e3\u6790\u4f20\u70ed\u5728\u98df\u54c1\u52a0\u5de5\u4e2d\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u539f\u7406\uff0c\u63a2\u8ba8\u5982\u4f55\u5229\u7528\u4f20\u70ed\u5efa\u6a21\u4f18\u5316\u8fc7\u7a0b\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u98df\u54c1\u5b89\u5168\u4e0e\u54c1\u8d28\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[134],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- 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