{"id":737053,"date":"2024-07-31T16:09:24","date_gmt":"2024-07-31T15:09:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/?p=737053"},"modified":"2024-07-31T16:09:24","modified_gmt":"2024-07-31T15:09:24","slug":"%e9%9a%94%e7%83%ad%e6%9d%90%e6%96%99%e7%83%ad%e6%80%a7%e8%83%bd%e8%af%84%e4%bc%b0","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/zh-hans\/%e9%9a%94%e7%83%ad%e6%9d%90%e6%96%99%e7%83%ad%e6%80%a7%e8%83%bd%e8%af%84%e4%bc%b0\/","title":{"rendered":"\u9694\u70ed\u6750\u6599\u70ed\u6027\u80fd\u8bc4\u4f30"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"sidekick\">\u9694\u70ed\u6750\u6599\u70ed\u6027\u80fd\u8bc4\u4f30\uff1a\u5206\u6790\u4e0d\u540c\u6750\u6599\u7684\u9694\u70ed\u6548\u679c\uff0c\u63a2\u8ba8\u70ed\u5bfc\u7387\u3001\u70ed\u963b\u7cfb\u6570\u7b49\u91cd\u8981\u6307\u6807\u5bf9\u5efa\u7b51\u8282\u80fd\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u9009\u6750\u53c2\u8003\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/\u9694\u70ed\u6750\u6599\u70ed\u6027\u80fd\u8bc4\u4f30.png\" alt=\"\u9694\u70ed\u6750\u6599\u70ed\u6027\u80fd\u8bc4\u4f30\" style=\"display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\"\/><\/p>\n<h2>\u9694\u70ed\u6750\u6599\u70ed\u6027\u80fd\u8bc4\u4f30<\/h2>\n<p>\u9694\u70ed\u6750\u6599\u5728\u5efa\u7b51\u3001\u5de5\u4e1a\u4ee5\u53ca\u65e5\u5e38\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u8d77\u5230\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4e8e\u51cf\u5c11\u70ed\u91cf\u7684\u635f\u5931\u548c\u4f20\u9012\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u63d0\u9ad8\u80fd\u6e90\u6548\u7387\u548c\u8212\u9002\u6027\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u8bc4\u4f30\u9694\u70ed\u6750\u6599\u7684\u70ed\u6027\u80fd\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u4e86\u89e3\u51e0\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u53c2\u6570\u548c\u5b9e\u9a8c\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u70ed\u5bfc\u7387 (Thermal Conductivity)<\/h2>\n<p>\u70ed\u5bfc\u7387\u662f\u8bc4\u4ef7\u9694\u70ed\u6750\u6599\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u6307\u6807\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u7528\u7b26\u53f7 <i>k<\/i> \u6216 <i>\u03bb<\/i> \u8868\u793a\uff0c\u5355\u4f4d\u4e3a\u74e6\u7279\u6bcf\u7c73\u6bcf\u5f00\u5c14\u6587 (W\/m\u00b7K)\u3002\u70ed\u5bfc\u7387\u8d8a\u4f4e\uff0c\u6750\u6599\u7684\u9694\u70ed\u6548\u679c\u8d8a\u597d\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u516c\u5f0f\u4e3a\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><i>q<\/i> = &#8211;<i>k<\/i> \u2207<i>T<\/i><\/p>\n<p>\u5176\u4e2d <i>q<\/i> \u662f\u70ed\u901a\u91cf\uff0c\u2207<i>T<\/i> \u662f\u6e29\u5ea6\u68af\u5ea6\u3002\u70ed\u5bfc\u7387\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u7a33\u6001\u6216\u975e\u7a33\u6001\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u8fdb\u884c\u6d4b\u91cf\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u6fc0\u5149\u95ea\u5149\u6cd5\u548c\u70ed\u7535\u5076\u6cd5\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u70ed\u6269\u6563\u7387 (Thermal Diffusivity)<\/h2>\n<p>\u70ed\u6269\u6563\u7387\u8868\u793a\u70ed\u91cf\u5728\u6750\u6599\u4e2d\u7684\u6269\u6563\u901f\u5ea6\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u7528\u7b26\u53f7 \u03b1 \u8868\u793a\uff0c\u5355\u4f4d\u4e3a\u5e73\u65b9\u5398\u7c73\u6bcf\u79d2 (cm\u00b2\/s)\u3002\u5b83\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u516c\u5f0f\u4e3a\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\u03b1 = \\frac{k}{\u03c1c_p}<\/p>\n<p>\u5176\u4e2d \u03c1 \u662f\u6750\u6599\u5bc6\u5ea6\uff0c<i>c<sub>p<\/sub><\/i> \u662f\u6750\u6599\u7684\u6bd4\u70ed\u5bb9\u3002\u70ed\u6269\u6563\u7387\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u4e0d\u540c\u65f6\u95f4\u70b9\u7684\u6e29\u5ea6\u5206\u5e03\u8fdb\u884c\u6d4b\u91cf\u6765\u83b7\u5f97\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u6bd4\u70ed\u5bb9 (Specific Heat Capacity)<\/h2>\n<p>\u6bd4\u70ed\u5bb9\u662f\u6750\u6599\u5438\u6536\u70ed\u91cf\u7684\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u7528\u7b26\u53f7 <i>c<sub>p<\/sub><\/i> \u8868\u793a\uff0c\u5355\u4f4d\u4e3a\u7126\u8033\u6bcf\u516c\u65a4\u6bcf\u5f00\u5c14\u6587 (J\/kg\u00b7K)\u3002\u5b83\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u516c\u5f0f\u4e3a\uff1a<\/p>\n<p> \\Delta Q = mc_p \\Delta T<\/p>\n<p>\u5176\u4e2d \\(\\Delta Q\\) \u662f\u70ed\u91cf\u53d8\u5316\uff0c<i>m<\/i> \u662f\u8d28\u91cf\uff0c\\(\\Delta T\\) \u662f\u6e29\u5ea6\u53d8\u5316\u3002\u6d4b\u91cf\u6bd4\u70ed\u5bb9\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5305\u62ec\u5dee\u793a\u626b\u63cf\u91cf\u70ed\u6cd5\u548c\u76f4\u70ed\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u603b\u70ed\u963b (Total Thermal Resistance)<\/h2>\n<p>\u603b\u70ed\u963b\u662f\u6307\u6750\u6599\u5bf9\u70ed\u6d41\u8fdb\u884c\u963b\u788d\u7684\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u7528\u7b26\u53f7 <i>R<\/i> \u8868\u793a\uff0c\u5355\u4f4d\u4e3a\u5e73\u65b9\u7c73\u51ef\u5c14\u6587\u6bcf\u74e6\u7279 (m\u00b2\u00b7K\/W)\u3002\u5176\u8ba1\u7b97\u516c\u5f0f\u4e3a\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>R = \\frac{\u0394x}{k}<\/p>\n<p>\u5176\u4e2d \u0394x \u662f\u6750\u6599\u539a\u5ea6\u3002\u5efa\u7b51\u548c\u5de5\u7a0b\u9886\u57df\u5e38\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u603b\u70ed\u963b\u6765\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u9694\u70ed\u6750\u6599\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u5b9e\u9a8c\u65b9\u6cd5<\/h2>\n<p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u51c6\u786e\u8bc4\u4f30\u9694\u70ed\u6750\u6599\u7684\u70ed\u6027\u80fd\uff0c\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u65b9\u6cd5\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><u1><\/p>\n<li>\u7a33\u6001\u6cd5\uff1a\u4f8b\u5982\u5e73\u677f\u6cd5\u3001\u62a4\u73af\u6cd5\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u975e\u7a33\u6001\u6cd5\uff1a\u4f8b\u5982\u6fc0\u5149\u95ea\u5149\u6cd5\u3001\u8109\u51b2\u52a0\u70ed\u6cd5\u3002<\/li>\n<p><\/u1><\/p>\n<h2>\u5e94\u7528\u9886\u57df<\/h2>\n<p>\u9694\u70ed\u6750\u6599\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u4ee5\u4e0b\u9886\u57df\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><u1><\/p>\n<li>\u5efa\u7b51\u5899\u4f53\u548c\u5c4b\u9876\u9694\u70ed\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u7ba1\u9053\u548c\u8bbe\u5907\u4fdd\u6e29\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u51b7\u85cf\u8fd0\u8f93\u548c\u50a8\u5b58\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u6c7d\u8f66\u548c\u822a\u7a7a\u822a\u5929\u5de5\u7a0b\u3002<\/li>\n<p><\/u1><\/p>\n<p>\u901a\u8fc7\u5408\u7406\u9009\u62e9\u548c\u8bc4\u4f30\u9694\u70ed\u6750\u6599\u7684\u70ed\u6027\u80fd\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u663e\u8457\u63d0\u9ad8\u80fd\u6e90\u4f7f\u7528\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u964d\u4f4e\u8fd0\u884c\u6210\u672c\uff0c\u63d0\u5347\u8212\u9002\u5ea6\u548c\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u9694\u70ed\u6750\u6599\u70ed\u6027\u80fd\u8bc4\u4f30\uff1a\u5206\u6790\u4e0d\u540c\u6750\u6599\u7684\u9694\u70ed\u6548\u679c\uff0c\u63a2\u8ba8\u70ed\u5bfc\u7387\u3001\u70ed\u963b\u7cfb\u6570\u7b49\u91cd\u8981\u6307\u6807\u5bf9\u5efa\u7b51\u8282\u80fd\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u9009\u6750\u53c2\u8003\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[134],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- 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