{"id":738746,"date":"2024-12-22T01:42:41","date_gmt":"2024-12-22T00:42:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/?p=738746"},"modified":"2024-12-22T01:42:41","modified_gmt":"2024-12-22T00:42:41","slug":"%e6%b5%81%e4%bd%93%e6%b5%81%e5%8a%a8%e4%b8%ad%e7%9a%84%e7%83%ad%e4%bc%a0%e9%80%92","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/zh-hans\/%e6%b5%81%e4%bd%93%e6%b5%81%e5%8a%a8%e4%b8%ad%e7%9a%84%e7%83%ad%e4%bc%a0%e9%80%92\/","title":{"rendered":"\u6d41\u4f53\u6d41\u52a8\u4e2d\u7684\u70ed\u4f20\u9012"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"sidekick\">\u6d41\u4f53\u6d41\u52a8\u4e2d\u7684\u70ed\u4f20\u9012\uff1a\u8be6\u89e3\u70ed\u80fd\u5728\u6d41\u4f53\u4e2d\u4f20\u9012\u7684\u539f\u7406\uff0c\u5206\u6790\u4e0d\u540c\u6d41\u52a8\u72b6\u6001\u4e0b\u7684\u70ed\u4f20\u9012\u6548\u679c\uff0c\u53ca\u5176\u5728\u5de5\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/\u6d41\u4f53\u6d41\u52a8\u4e2d\u7684\u70ed\u4f20\u9012.png\" alt=\"\u6d41\u4f53\u6d41\u52a8\u4e2d\u7684\u70ed\u4f20\u9012\" style=\"display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\"\/><\/p>\n<h2>\u6d41\u4f53\u6d41\u52a8\u4e2d\u7684\u70ed\u4f20\u9012<\/h2>\n<p>\u70ed\u4f20\u9012\u662f\u6307\u70ed\u91cf\u4ece\u9ad8\u6e29\u533a\u57df\u5411\u4f4e\u6e29\u533a\u57df\u7684\u8f6c\u79fb\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u5728\u6d41\u4f53\u6d41\u52a8\u4e2d\uff0c\u70ed\u4f20\u9012\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u7269\u7406\u73b0\u8c61\uff0c\u6d89\u53ca\u5230\u8bb8\u591a\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u6696\u901a\u7a7a\u8c03\u7cfb\u7edf\u3001\u53d1\u52a8\u673a\u51b7\u5374\u548c\u5316\u5de5\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u70ed\u4f20\u9012\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u65b9\u5f0f<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>\u4f20\u5bfc (Conduction): \u901a\u8fc7\u7269\u4f53\u5185\u90e8\u80fd\u91cf\u4f20\u9012\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5bf9\u6d41 (Convection): \u901a\u8fc7\u6d41\u4f53\u5185\u90e8\u548c\u6d41\u4f53\u4e0e\u56fa\u4f53\u8868\u9762\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u70ed\u91cf\u4ea4\u6362\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u8f90\u5c04 (Radiation): \u901a\u8fc7\u7535\u78c1\u6ce2\u65e0\u63a5\u89e6\u5730\u4f20\u9012\u70ed\u91cf\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>\u5bf9\u6d41\u4f20\u70ed<\/h2>\n<p>\u5bf9\u6d41\u4f20\u70ed\u5728\u6d41\u4f53\u6d41\u52a8\u4e2d\u5c24\u4e3a\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u6839\u636e\u6d41\u52a8\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u5bf9\u6d41\u4f20\u70ed\u53ef\u4ee5\u5206\u4e3a\u81ea\u7136\u5bf9\u6d41\u548c\u5f3a\u5236\u5bf9\u6d41\u3002<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u81ea\u7136\u5bf9\u6d41 (Natural Convection): \u7531\u4e8e\u6d41\u4f53\u5bc6\u5ea6\u5dee\u5f02\u800c\u4ea7\u751f\u6d41\u52a8\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u70ed\u7a7a\u6c14\u4e0a\u5347\u51b7\u7a7a\u6c14\u4e0b\u964d\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5f3a\u5236\u5bf9\u6d41 (Forced Convection): \u9700\u8981\u5916\u529b\uff08\u5982\u6cf5\u6216\u98ce\u6247\uff09\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u6765\u5f15\u8d77\u6d41\u4f53\u6d41\u52a8\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>\u7ebd\u987f\u51b7\u5374\u5b9a\u5f8b<\/h2>\n<p>\u5bf9\u6d41\u4f20\u70ed\u901a\u5e38\u7528\u7ebd\u987f\u51b7\u5374\u5b9a\u5f8b\u6765\u63cf\u8ff0\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>\nQ = h * A * (T_s - T_f)\n<\/pre>\n<p>\u5176\u4e2d\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Q \u662f\u70ed\u91cf\u4f20\u9012\u901f\u7387 (W)<\/li>\n<li>h \u662f\u5bf9\u6d41\u6362\u70ed\u7cfb\u6570 (W\/m\u00b2\u00b7K)<\/li>\n<li>A \u662f\u6362\u70ed\u9762\u79ef (m\u00b2)<\/li>\n<li>T<sub>s<\/sub> \u662f\u56fa\u4f53\u8868\u9762\u6e29\u5ea6 (K)<\/li>\n<li>T<sub>f<\/sub> \u662f\u6d41\u4f53\u6e29\u5ea6 (K)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>\u65e0\u91cf\u7eb2\u6570<\/h2>\n<p>\u5728\u7814\u7a76\u5bf9\u6d41\u4f20\u70ed\u8fc7\u7a0b\u65f6\uff0c\u65e0\u91cf\u7eb2\u6570\u8d77\u7740\u5173\u952e\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u65e0\u91cf\u7eb2\u6570\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u96f7\u8bfa\u6570 (Re): \u63cf\u8ff0\u6d41\u4f53\u6d41\u52a8\u7684\u60ef\u6027\u529b\u4e0e\u7c98\u6027\u529b\u4e4b\u6bd4\uff1a<br \/>\n<math >\n      <mrow>\n        <mi>Re<\/mi>\n        <mo>=<\/mo>\n        <mfrac>\n          <mi>&rho; u L<\/mi>\n          <mrow>\n            <mi>&mu;<\/mi>\n          <\/mrow>\n        <\/mfrac>\n      <\/mrow>\n    <\/math>\n<\/li>\n<li>\u52aa\u585e\u5c14\u7279\u6570 (Nu): \u63cf\u8ff0\u5bf9\u6d41\u4f20\u70ed\u4e0e\u70ed\u5bfc\u4f20\u70ed\u4e4b\u6bd4\uff1a<br \/>\n<math >\n      <mrow>\n        <mi>Nu<\/mi>\n        <mo>=<\/mo>\n        <mfrac>\n          <mi>h L<\/mi>\n          <mrow>\n            <mi>k<\/mi>\n          <\/mrow>\n        <\/mfrac>\n      <\/mrow>\n    <\/math>\n<\/li>\n<li>\u666e\u6717\u7279\u6570 (Pr): \u63cf\u8ff0\u6d41\u4f53\u7c98\u6027\u6269\u6563\u7387\u4e0e\u70ed\u6269\u6563\u7387\u4e4b\u6bd4\uff1a<br \/>\n<math >\n      <mrow>\n        <mi>Pr<\/mi>\n        <mo>=<\/mo>\n        <mfrac>\n          <mi>cp &mu;<\/mi>\n          <mrow>\n            <mi>k<\/mi>\n          <\/mrow>\n        <\/mfrac>\n      <\/mrow>\n    <\/math>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>\u5e94\u7528\u5b9e\u4f8b<\/h2>\n<p>\u6d41\u4f53\u6d41\u52a8\u4e2d\u7684\u70ed\u4f20\u9012\u5728\u8bb8\u591a\u5de5\u7a0b\u9886\u57df\u4e2d\u5747\u6709\u91cd\u8981\u5e94\u7528\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u51b7\u5374\u7cfb\u7edf: \u901a\u8fc7\u6d41\u4f53\u6765\u5e26\u8d70\u7535\u5b50\u5143\u5668\u4ef6\u6216\u53d1\u52a8\u673a\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u4f59\u70ed\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u52a0\u70ed\u7cfb\u7edf: \u4f8b\u5982\u6696\u901a\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5229\u7528\u6d41\u4f53\u5bf9\u6d41\u5c06\u70ed\u91cf\u5206\u5e03\u5230\u5404\u4e2a\u623f\u95f4\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5316\u5de5\u8fc7\u7a0b: \u901a\u8fc7\u6362\u70ed\u5668\u8fdb\u884c\u53cd\u5e94\u7269\u7684\u52a0\u70ed\u6216\u51b7\u5374\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>\u603b\u7ed3<\/h2>\n<p>\u6d41\u4f53\u6d41\u52a8\u4e2d\u7684\u70ed\u4f20\u9012\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u590d\u6742\u4f46\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u73b0\u8c61\u3002\u7406\u89e3\u548c\u5206\u6790\u8fd9\u4e00\u8fc7\u7a0b\u9700\u8981\u7ed3\u5408\u4f20\u5bfc\u3001\u5bf9\u6d41\u548c\u8f90\u5c04\u8fd9\u4e09\u79cd\u57fa\u672c\u70ed\u4f20\u9012\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5e76\u4f7f\u7528\u96f7\u8bfa\u6570\u3001\u52aa\u585e\u5c14\u7279\u6570\u548c\u666e\u6717\u7279\u6570\u7b49\u65e0\u91cf\u7eb2\u6570\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u638c\u63e1\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e9b\u57fa\u7840\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u5b66\u4e60\u70ed\u4f20\u9012\u5c06\u4f1a\u53d8\u5f97\u66f4\u52a0\u5bb9\u6613\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u6d41\u4f53\u6d41\u52a8\u4e2d\u7684\u70ed\u4f20\u9012\uff1a\u8be6\u89e3\u70ed\u80fd\u5728\u6d41\u4f53\u4e2d\u4f20\u9012\u7684\u539f\u7406\uff0c\u5206\u6790\u4e0d\u540c\u6d41\u52a8\u72b6\u6001\u4e0b\u7684\u70ed\u4f20\u9012\u6548\u679c\uff0c\u53ca\u5176\u5728\u5de5\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[134],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- 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