{"id":740566,"date":"2024-10-29T01:22:31","date_gmt":"2024-10-29T00:22:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/?p=740566"},"modified":"2024-10-29T01:22:31","modified_gmt":"2024-10-29T00:22:31","slug":"%e6%b5%81%e4%bd%93%e6%b7%b7%e5%90%88%e7%89%a9%e7%9a%84%e5%88%86%e5%ad%90%e7%83%ad%e5%8a%9b%e5%ad%a6","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/zh-hans\/%e6%b5%81%e4%bd%93%e6%b7%b7%e5%90%88%e7%89%a9%e7%9a%84%e5%88%86%e5%ad%90%e7%83%ad%e5%8a%9b%e5%ad%a6\/","title":{"rendered":"\u6d41\u4f53\u6df7\u5408\u7269\u7684\u5206\u5b50\u70ed\u529b\u5b66"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"sidekick\">\u5206\u5b50\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u662f\u7814\u7a76\u6d41\u4f53\u6df7\u5408\u7269\u4e2d\u5206\u5b50\u884c\u4e3a\u548c\u80fd\u91cf\u8f6c\u6362\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u6df1\u5165\u89e3\u6790\u7269\u8d28\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u6e29\u5ea6\u548c\u538b\u529b\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\u7684\u6027\u8d28\u53d8\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/\u6d41\u4f53\u6df7\u5408\u7269\u7684\u5206\u5b50\u70ed\u529b\u5b66.png\" alt=\"\u6d41\u4f53\u6df7\u5408\u7269\u7684\u5206\u5b50\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\" style=\"display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\"\/><\/p>\n<h2>\u6d41\u4f53\u6df7\u5408\u7269\u7684\u5206\u5b50\u70ed\u529b\u5b66<\/h2>\n<p>\u5206\u5b50\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u662f\u7814\u7a76\u7269\u8d28\u5206\u5b50\u5c42\u9762\u4e0a\u80fd\u91cf\u548c\u7269\u8d28\u8f6c\u5316\u89c4\u5f8b\u7684\u5b66\u79d1\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6d41\u4f53\u6df7\u5408\u7269\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5206\u5b50\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u6211\u4eec\u7406\u89e3\u548c\u9884\u6d4b\u6df7\u5408\u7269\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\u7684\u6027\u8d28\u548c\u884c\u4e3a\u3002\u8fd9\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8bb8\u591a\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u5316\u5b66\u5de5\u7a0b\u3001\u6750\u6599\u79d1\u5b66\u4ee5\u53ca\u73af\u5883\u5de5\u7a0b\uff0c\u90fd\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u57fa\u672c\u6982\u5ff5<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u7b2c\u4e00\u5b9a\u5f8b\uff1a\u80fd\u91cf\u5b88\u6052\u5b9a\u5f8b\uff0c\u8868\u8ff0\u5728\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u5b83\u7684\u5468\u56f4\u4e4b\u95f4\u80fd\u91cf\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f6c\u79fb\u4f46\u4e0d\u80fd\u521b\u9020\u6216\u6d88\u706d\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5b9a\u5f8b\uff1a\u70ed\u91cf\u4e0d\u80fd\u81ea\u53d1\u5730\u4ece\u51b7\u7269\u4f53\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9\u70ed\u7269\u4f53\uff0c\u71b5\u5728\u5b64\u7acb\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u603b\u662f\u589e\u52a0\u7684\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>\u7406\u60f3\u6df7\u5408\u7269<\/h2>\n<p>\u5728\u7406\u60f3\u6df7\u5408\u7269\u4e2d\uff0c\u5206\u5b50\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u4e0e\u7eaf\u7ec4\u5206\u7684\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u76f8\u540c\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7406\u60f3\u6c14\u4f53\u6df7\u5408\u7269\uff0cDalton\u5b9a\u5f8b\u8868\u8ff0\u7684\u662f\u603b\u538b\u529b\u662f\u5404\u90e8\u5206\u5206\u538b\u7684\u603b\u548c\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>P<sub>total<\/sub> = \u03a3P<sub>i<\/sub><\/p>\n<p>\u5176\u4e2dP<sub>i<\/sub>\u662f\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7ec4\u5206\u7684\u5206\u538b\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u975e\u7406\u60f3\u6df7\u5408\u7269<\/h2>\n<p>\u5927\u591a\u6570\u5b9e\u9645\u7684\u6d41\u4f53\u6df7\u5408\u7269\u662f\u975e\u7406\u60f3\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5206\u5b50\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u4e0d\u518d\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u5404\u7ec4\u5206\u7684\u6027\u8d28\u4e5f\u4f1a\u53d7\u5230\u5176\u4ed6\u7ec4\u5206\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5e38\u7528\u6d3b\u5ea6\uff08activity\uff09\u548c\u6d3b\u5ea6\u7cfb\u6570\uff08activity coefficient\uff09\u6765\u63cf\u8ff0\u6df7\u5408\u7269\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6d3b\u5ea6\u7cfb\u6570 \u03b3 \u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ec4\u5206\u5728\u6df7\u5408\u7269\u4e2d\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u6d53\u5ea6\u4e0e\u5176\u7406\u60f3\u6d53\u5ea6\u4e4b\u6bd4\uff1a<\/p>\n<p> <sub>i<\/sub> = \u03b3<sub>i<\/sub> * x<sub>i<\/sub><\/p>\n<p>\u5176\u4e2d  <sub>i<\/sub> \u662f\u6d3b\u5ea6\uff0cx<sub>i<\/sub> \u662f\u6469\u5c14\u5206\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>Gibbs\u81ea\u7531\u80fd<\/h2>\n<p>\u5728\u6df7\u5408\u7269\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5e38\u7528Gibbs\u81ea\u7531\u80fd\u6765\u63cf\u8ff0\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u80fd\u91cf\u72b6\u6001\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7406\u60f3\u6df7\u5408\u7269\uff0cGibbs\u81ea\u7531\u80fd\u7684\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>G = G<sup>0<\/sup> + RT\u03a3n<sub>i<\/sub>lnx<sub>i<\/sub><\/p>\n<p>\u5176\u4e2d G \u662f\u6df7\u5408\u7269\u7684Gibbs\u81ea\u7531\u80fd\uff0cG<sup>0<\/sup> \u662f\u6807\u51c6Gibbs\u81ea\u7531\u80fd\uff0cR \u662f\u6c14\u4f53\u5e38\u6570\uff0cT \u662f\u7edd\u5bf9\u6e29\u5ea6\uff0cn<sub>i<\/sub> \u662f\u7b2ci\u4e2a\u7ec4\u5206\u7684\u6469\u5c14\u6570\uff0cx<sub>i<\/sub> \u662f\u7b2ci\u4e2a\u7ec4\u5206\u7684\u6469\u5c14\u5206\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u7ed3\u8bba<\/h2>\n<p>\u6d41\u4f53\u6df7\u5408\u7269\u7684\u5206\u5b50\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u590d\u6742\u4f46\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u5206\u5b50\u5c42\u9762\u7684\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u63a7\u5236\u548c\u5229\u7528\u6df7\u5408\u7269\u5728\u5404\u79cd\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u3002\u867d\u7136\u73b0\u5b9e\u4e2d\u7684\u5927\u591a\u6570\u6df7\u5408\u7269\u90fd\u662f\u975e\u7406\u60f3\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u901a\u8fc7\u5b9a\u4e49\u6d3b\u5ea6\u548c\u4f7f\u7528Gibbs\u81ea\u7531\u80fd\u7b49\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5efa\u7acb\u66f4\u52a0\u51c6\u786e\u548c\u5b9e\u7528\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u5206\u5b50\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u662f\u7814\u7a76\u6d41\u4f53\u6df7\u5408\u7269\u4e2d\u5206\u5b50\u884c\u4e3a\u548c\u80fd\u91cf\u8f6c\u6362\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u6df1\u5165\u89e3\u6790\u7269\u8d28\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u6e29\u5ea6\u548c\u538b\u529b\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\u7684\u6027\u8d28\u53d8\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[134],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- 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