{"id":741891,"date":"2024-08-24T06:50:26","date_gmt":"2024-08-24T05:50:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/?p=741891"},"modified":"2024-08-24T06:50:26","modified_gmt":"2024-08-24T05:50:26","slug":"%e6%b9%8d%e6%b5%81%e4%b8%ad%e7%86%b5%e4%ba%a7%e7%94%9f%e7%a0%94%e7%a9%b6","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/zh-hans\/%e6%b9%8d%e6%b5%81%e4%b8%ad%e7%86%b5%e4%ba%a7%e7%94%9f%e7%a0%94%e7%a9%b6\/","title":{"rendered":"\u6e4d\u6d41\u4e2d\u71b5\u4ea7\u751f\u7814\u7a76"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"sidekick\">\u6e4d\u6d41\u4e2d\u71b5\u4ea7\u751f\u7814\u7a76\uff1a\u89e3\u6790\u6e4d\u6d41\u6d41\u4f53\u4e2d\u7684\u71b5\u53d8\u5316\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u63a2\u7d22\u5982\u4f55\u901a\u8fc7\u7406\u89e3\u71b5\u751f\u6210\u6765\u63d0\u5347\u70ed\u529b\u7cfb\u7edf\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u4e3a\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e94\u7528\u63d0\u4f9b\u65b0\u601d\u8def\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/\u6e4d\u6d41\u4e2d\u71b5\u4ea7\u751f\u7814\u7a76.png\" alt=\"\u6e4d\u6d41\u4e2d\u71b5\u4ea7\u751f\u7814\u7a76\" style=\"display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\"\/><\/p>\n<h2>\u6e4d\u6d41\u4e2d\u71b5\u4ea7\u751f\u7814\u7a76<\/h2>\n<p>\u6e4d\u6d41\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u590d\u6742\u4e14\u6df7\u4e71\u7684\u6d41\u4f53\u8fd0\u52a8\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u5176\u7279\u5f81\u662f\u6d41\u4f53\u7684\u4e0d\u89c4\u5219\u6027\u3001\u5f3a\u70c8\u7684\u526a\u5207\u8fd0\u52a8\u548c\u8f83\u5927\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\u68af\u5ea6\u3002\u5728\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u4e2d\uff0c\u71b5\u4ee3\u8868\u4e86\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6df7\u4e71\u7a0b\u5ea6\u6216\u65e0\u5e8f\u5ea6\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u6e4d\u6d41\u4e2d\u7684\u71b5\u4ea7\u751f\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7406\u89e3\u548c\u63a7\u5236\u6e4d\u6d41\u73b0\u8c61\u6709\u91cd\u8981\u610f\u4e49\u3002<\/p>\n<p><u1><\/p>\n<li>\u71b5\u53ca\u5176\u5b9a\u4e49<\/li>\n<p><\/u1><\/p>\n<p>\u71b5\uff08S\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u7528\u6765\u5ea6\u91cf\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u80fd\u91cf\u5206\u6563\u7a0b\u5ea6\u3002\u71b5\u503c\u8d8a\u9ad8\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d8a\u65e0\u5e8f\u3002\u71b5\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0b\u516c\u5f0f\u8ba1\u7b97\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><i>\\Delta S = \\frac{\\Delta Q}{T}<\/i><\/p>\n<p>\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c<i>\\Delta S<\/i> \u662f\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u71b5\u53d8\u5316\uff0c<i>\\Delta Q<\/i> \u662f\u4f20\u9012\u7684\u70ed\u91cf\uff0c<i>T<\/i> \u662f\u7edd\u5bf9\u6e29\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n<p><u1><\/p>\n<li>\u6e4d\u6d41\u4e2d\u7684\u71b5\u4ea7\u751f<\/li>\n<p><\/u1><\/p>\n<p>\u6e4d\u6d41\u56e0\u5176\u590d\u6742\u6027\uff0c\u5728\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u71b5\u4ea7\u751f\u673a\u5236\u8981\u6bd4\u5c42\u6d41\u590d\u6742\u5f97\u591a\u3002\u4e3b\u8981\u5f71\u54cd\u56e0\u7d20\u5305\u62ec\u901f\u5ea6\u68af\u5ea6\u3001\u9ecf\u6027\u8017\u6563\u548c\u70ed\u4f20\u5bfc\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<p><o1><\/p>\n<li><b>\u901f\u5ea6\u68af\u5ea6<\/b><\/li>\n<p>\u6e4d\u6d41\u4e2d\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\u68af\u5ea6\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u526a\u5207\u5e94\u529b\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u80fd\u91cf\u8017\u6563\u5e76\u589e\u52a0\u71b5\u3002\u71b5\u4ea7\u751f\u901f\u7387\u53ef\u8868\u793a\u4e3a\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><i>\\frac{dS}{dt} \\propto \\nu \\left( \\frac{\\partial u}{\\partial y} \\right)^2<\/i><\/p>\n<p>\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c<i>\\nu<\/i> \u4e3a\u6d41\u4f53\u7684\u9ecf\u6027\u7cfb\u6570\uff0c<i>u<\/i> \u4e3a\u6d41\u4f53\u901f\u5ea6\uff0c<i>y<\/i> \u4e3a\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002<\/p>\n<li><b>\u9ecf\u6027\u8017\u6563<\/b><\/li>\n<p>\u6e4d\u6d41\u4e2d\u9ecf\u6027\u8017\u6563\u4e5f\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u71b5\u7684\u589e\u52a0\u3002\u8017\u6563\u7387\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u6e4d\u6d41\u7684\u80fd\u91cf\u91ca\u653e\u548c\u6d41\u4f53\u7684\u7269\u7406\u6027\u8d28\uff0c\u5176\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u4e3a\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><i> \\varepsilon = 2 \\nu \\left( \\frac{\\partial u_i}{\\partial x_j} \\right)^2<\/i><\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c<i> \\varepsilon <\/i> \u4ee3\u8868\u80fd\u91cf\u8017\u6563\u7387\uff0c<i>u_i<\/i> \u548c<i>x_j<\/i> \u5206\u522b\u4e3a\u901f\u5ea6\u548c\u4f4d\u7f6e\u5750\u6807\u3002<\/p>\n<li><b>\u70ed\u4f20\u5bfc<\/b><\/li>\n<p>\u6e4d\u6d41\u5bfc\u81f4\u70ed\u91cf\u975e\u5747\u5300\u5206\u5e03\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5f15\u8d77\u70ed\u4f20\u5bfc\u6548\u5e94\u3002\u70ed\u4f20\u5bfc\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e5f\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u71b5\u7684\u4ea7\u751f\uff0c\u71b5\u4ea7\u751f\u7387\u53ef\u8868\u793a\u4e3a\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><i>\\frac{dS}{dt} \\propto \\kappa \\left( \\frac{\\partial T}{\\partial x} \\right)^2<\/i><\/p>\n<p>\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c<i>\\kappa<\/i> \u4e3a\u70ed\u5bfc\u7387\uff0c<i>T<\/i> \u4e3a\u6e29\u5ea6\uff0c<i>x<\/i> \u4e3a\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002<\/p>\n<p><\/o1><\/p>\n<p><u1><\/p>\n<li>\u6e4d\u6d41\u6a21\u62df\u4e0e\u71b5\u4ea7\u751f<\/li>\n<p><\/u1><\/p>\n<p>\u73b0\u4ee3\u6e4d\u6d41\u7814\u7a76\u666e\u904d\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u8ba1\u7b97\u6d41\u4f53\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\uff08CFD\uff09\u6a21\u62df\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u6570\u503c\u5206\u6790\u6765\u7814\u7a76\u6e4d\u6d41\u4e2d\u7684\u71b5\u4ea7\u751f\u3002\u76f4\u63a5\u6570\u503c\u6a21\u62df\uff08DNS\uff09\u548c\u5927\u6da1\u6a21\u62df\uff08LES\uff09\u662f\u4e24\u79cd\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u6df1\u5165\u7814\u7a76\u6e4d\u6d41\u7684\u5fae\u89c2\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u4f9b\u66f4\u591a\u7ec6\u8282\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n<p><u1><\/p>\n<li>\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528<\/li>\n<p><\/u1><\/p>\n<p>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u822a\u7a7a\u822a\u5929\u3001\u80fd\u6e90\u5de5\u7a0b\u548c\u73af\u5883\u79d1\u5b66\u7b49\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u6e4d\u6d41\u4e2d\u7684\u71b5\u4ea7\u751f\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u4f18\u5316\u8bbe\u8ba1\u548c\u63d0\u9ad8\u6548\u7387\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5728\u6da1\u8f6e\u53d1\u52a8\u673a\u4e2d\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11\u71b5\u4ea7\u751f\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u70ed\u6548\u7387\uff1b\u5728\u5927\u6c14\u79d1\u5b66\u4e2d\uff0c\u6b63\u786e\u6a21\u62df\u6e4d\u6d41\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u6539\u8fdb\u6c14\u8c61\u9884\u62a5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u603b\u7684\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u6e4d\u6d41\u4e2d\u71b5\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5177\u6709\u7406\u8bba\u610f\u4e49\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u5b9e\u9645\u5de5\u7a0b\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u3002\u672a\u6765\uff0c\u968f\u7740\u8ba1\u7b97\u80fd\u529b\u548c\u5b9e\u9a8c\u6280\u672f\u7684\u8fdb\u6b65\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5bf9\u6e4d\u6d41\u53ca\u5176\u71b5\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u5c06\u4e0d\u65ad\u6df1\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u6e4d\u6d41\u4e2d\u71b5\u4ea7\u751f\u7814\u7a76\uff1a\u89e3\u6790\u6e4d\u6d41\u6d41\u4f53\u4e2d\u7684\u71b5\u53d8\u5316\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u63a2\u7d22\u5982\u4f55\u901a\u8fc7\u7406\u89e3\u71b5\u751f\u6210\u6765\u63d0\u5347\u70ed\u529b\u7cfb\u7edf\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u4e3a\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e94\u7528\u63d0\u4f9b\u65b0\u601d\u8def\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[134],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- 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