{"id":741910,"date":"2024-08-27T08:23:49","date_gmt":"2024-08-27T07:23:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/?p=741910"},"modified":"2024-08-27T08:23:49","modified_gmt":"2024-08-27T07:23:49","slug":"%e7%94%b5%e5%8c%96%e5%ad%a6%e7%94%b5%e5%ae%b9%e5%99%a8%e7%9a%84%e7%83%ad%e5%8a%9b%e5%ad%a6%e5%8e%9f%e7%90%86","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/zh-hans\/%e7%94%b5%e5%8c%96%e5%ad%a6%e7%94%b5%e5%ae%b9%e5%99%a8%e7%9a%84%e7%83%ad%e5%8a%9b%e5%ad%a6%e5%8e%9f%e7%90%86\/","title":{"rendered":"\u7535\u5316\u5b66\u7535\u5bb9\u5668\u7684\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u539f\u7406"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"sidekick\">\u7535\u5316\u5b66\u7535\u5bb9\u5668\u7684\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u539f\u7406\uff1a\u63a2\u8ba8\u7535\u5316\u5b66\u7535\u5bb9\u5668\u7684\u70ed\u80fd\u8f6c\u6362\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u4e86\u89e3\u5176\u5de5\u4f5c\u539f\u7406\u548c\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u63ed\u793a\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u5728\u7535\u5bb9\u5668\u6027\u80fd\u4e2d\u7684\u5173\u952e\u4f5c\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/\u7535\u5316\u5b66\u7535\u5bb9\u5668\u7684\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u539f\u7406.png\" alt=\"\u7535\u5316\u5b66\u7535\u5bb9\u5668\u7684\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u539f\u7406\" style=\"display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\"\/><\/p>\n<h2>\u7535\u5316\u5b66\u7535\u5bb9\u5668\u7684\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u539f\u7406<\/h2>\n<p>\u7535\u5316\u5b66\u7535\u5bb9\u5668\uff0c\u5e38\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u8d85\u7ea7\u7535\u5bb9\u5668\u6216\u8d85\u5bb9\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5177\u6709\u9ad8\u80fd\u91cf\u5b58\u50a8\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u5143\u4ef6\u3002\u4e0e\u4f20\u7edf\u7535\u5bb9\u5668\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u7535\u5316\u5b66\u7535\u5bb9\u5668\u5229\u7528\u7535\u5316\u5b66\u8fc7\u7a0b\u6765\u8fbe\u5230\u8f83\u9ad8\u7684\u80fd\u91cf\u5bc6\u5ea6\u548c\u529f\u7387\u5bc6\u5ea6\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u8bbe\u5907\u5728\u8bb8\u591a\u73b0\u4ee3\u6280\u672f\u4e2d\u8d77\u7740\u5173\u952e\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u518d\u751f\u5236\u52a8\u7cfb\u7edf\u3001\u529f\u7387\u7a33\u5b9a\u5668\u548c\u5907\u7528\u7535\u6e90\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u7535\u5316\u5b66\u7535\u5bb9\u5668\u7684\u7ed3\u6784<\/h2>\n<p>\u8d85\u7ea7\u7535\u5bb9\u5668\u7531\u4e09\u4e2a\u4e3b\u8981\u90e8\u5206\u7ec4\u6210\uff1a\u7535\u6781\u3001\u7535\u89e3\u6db2\u548c\u9694\u819c\u3002\u7535\u6781\u901a\u5e38\u7531\u9ad8\u6bd4\u8868\u9762\u79ef\u7684\u6750\u6599\uff08\u5982\u6d3b\u6027\u70ad\uff09\u5236\u6210\uff0c\u7535\u89e3\u6db2\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u6709\u673a\u6216\u6c34\u6eb6\u6db2\uff0c\u9694\u819c\u5219\u7528\u4e8e\u9632\u6b62\u7535\u6781\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u76f4\u63a5\u63a5\u89e6\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u5141\u8bb8\u79bb\u5b50\u81ea\u7531\u79fb\u52a8\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u7535\u5316\u5b66\u7535\u5bb9\u5668\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u539f\u7406<\/h2>\n<p>\u7535\u5316\u5b66\u7535\u5bb9\u5668\u901a\u8fc7\u53cc\u7535\u5c42\u6548\u5e94\u548c\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u8d5d\u7535\u5bb9\u6548\u5e94\u5b58\u50a8\u80fd\u91cf\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5f53\u65bd\u52a0\u7535\u538b\u65f6\uff0c\u7535\u8377\u4f1a\u5728\u7535\u6781\u8868\u9762\u5f62\u6210\u53cc\u7535\u5c42\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u79bb\u5b50\u4f1a\u5438\u9644\u5728\u7535\u6781\u4e0a\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u57fa\u672c\u65b9\u7a0b\u8868\u793a\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\n\\[<br \/>\nC = \\frac{Q}{V}<br \/>\n\\]\n<\/p>\n<p>\u5176\u4e2d\uff0cC \u8868\u793a\u7535\u5bb9\uff0cQ \u8868\u793a\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u7535\u8377\uff0cV \u8868\u793a\u65bd\u52a0\u7684\u7535\u538b\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u539f\u7406<\/h2>\n<p>\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u5728\u7406\u89e3\u7535\u5316\u5b66\u7535\u5bb9\u5668\u7684\u6548\u7387\u548c\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u65b9\u9762\u8d77\u7740\u91cd\u8981\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u7535\u5316\u5b66\u53cd\u5e94\u5728\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u6e29\u5ea6\u548c\u538b\u529b\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\u8fdb\u884c\uff0c\u5e76\u6d89\u53ca\u5230\u5409\u5e03\u65af\u81ea\u7531\u80fd\uff08Gibbs free energy, G\uff09\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u5409\u5e03\u65af\u81ea\u7531\u80fd<\/h3>\n<p>\u5409\u5e03\u65af\u81ea\u7531\u80fd\u7684\u53d8\u5316 (\u0394G) \u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0b\u516c\u5f0f\u8868\u793a\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\n\\[<br \/>\n\\Delta G = \\Delta H &#8211; T \\Delta S<br \/>\n\\]\n<\/p>\n<p>\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u0394H \u662f\u7113\u53d8\uff08enthalpy change\uff09\uff0cT \u662f\u7edd\u5bf9\u6e29\u5ea6\uff0c\u0394S \u662f\u71b5\u53d8\uff08entropy change\uff09\u3002\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u80fd\u51cf\u5c11\uff08\u0394G<0\uff09\u610f\u5473\u7740\u53cd\u5e94\u662f\u81ea\u53d1\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u70ed\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027<\/h3>\n<p>\u7535\u5316\u5b66\u7535\u5bb9\u5668\u7684\u70ed\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u4e3b\u8981\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u7535\u6781\u6750\u6599\u548c\u7535\u89e3\u6db2\u7684\u6027\u8d28\u3002\u5728\u9ad8\u6e29\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\uff0c\u7535\u5316\u5b66\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\u4f1a\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u7535\u89e3\u6db2\u5206\u89e3\u548c\u7535\u6781\u7ed3\u6784\u9000\u5316\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u548c\u6539\u8fdb\u7535\u6781\u6750\u6599\u7684\u70ed\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\uff0c\u662f\u63d0\u5347\u8d85\u7ea7\u7535\u5bb9\u5668\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u5173\u952e\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u70ed\u7ba1\u7406<\/h3>\n<p>\u5728\u9ad8\u529f\u7387\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u7535\u5316\u5b66\u7535\u5bb9\u5668\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u5927\u91cf\u70ed\u91cf\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u6709\u6548\u7684\u70ed\u7ba1\u7406\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u5982\u51b7\u5374\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u70ed\u5bfc\u6750\u6599\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fdd\u6301\u8bbe\u5907\u5728\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u6e29\u5ea6\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u8fd0\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u603b\u7ed3<\/h2>\n<p>\u7535\u5316\u5b66\u7535\u5bb9\u5668\u7ed3\u5408\u4e86\u7269\u7406\u5316\u5b66\u548c\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u539f\u7406\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u53cc\u7535\u5c42\u6548\u5e94\u548c\u8d5d\u7535\u5bb9\u6548\u5e94\u5b9e\u73b0\u9ad8\u6548\u80fd\u91cf\u5b58\u50a8\u548c\u91ca\u653e\u3002\u7406\u89e3\u8fd9\u4e9b\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u539f\u7406\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u4f18\u5316\u5176\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u5176\u6548\u7387\u548c\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5728\u591a\u79cd\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\u53d1\u6325\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u7535\u5316\u5b66\u7535\u5bb9\u5668\u7684\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u539f\u7406\uff1a\u63a2\u8ba8\u7535\u5316\u5b66\u7535\u5bb9\u5668\u7684\u70ed\u80fd\u8f6c\u6362\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u4e86\u89e3\u5176\u5de5\u4f5c\u539f\u7406\u548c\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u63ed\u793a\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u5728\u7535\u5bb9\u5668\u6027\u80fd\u4e2d\u7684\u5173\u952e\u4f5c\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[134],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- 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