{"id":743429,"date":"2024-11-18T19:12:20","date_gmt":"2024-11-18T18:12:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/?p=743429"},"modified":"2024-11-18T19:12:20","modified_gmt":"2024-11-18T18:12:20","slug":"%e7%84%8a%e6%8e%a5%e8%bf%87%e7%a8%8b%e4%b8%ad%e7%83%ad%e4%bc%a0%e9%80%92%e7%9a%84%e6%9c%ba%e5%88%b6%e8%a7%a3%e6%9e%90","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/zh-hans\/%e7%84%8a%e6%8e%a5%e8%bf%87%e7%a8%8b%e4%b8%ad%e7%83%ad%e4%bc%a0%e9%80%92%e7%9a%84%e6%9c%ba%e5%88%b6%e8%a7%a3%e6%9e%90\/","title":{"rendered":"\u710a\u63a5\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u70ed\u4f20\u9012\u7684\u673a\u5236\u89e3\u6790"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"sidekick\">\u710a\u63a5\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u70ed\u4f20\u9012\u7684\u673a\u5236\u89e3\u6790\uff0c\u6df1\u5165\u8bb2\u89e3\u710a\u63a5\u4e2d\u7684\u70ed\u91cf\u4f20\u64ad\u8def\u5f84\u548c\u5f71\u54cd\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u8bfb\u8005\u7406\u89e3\u53ca\u4f18\u5316\u710a\u63a5\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u4ea7\u54c1\u8d28\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/\u710a\u63a5\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u70ed\u4f20\u9012\u7684\u673a\u5236\u89e3\u6790.png\" alt=\"\u710a\u63a5\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u70ed\u4f20\u9012\u7684\u673a\u5236\u89e3\u6790\" style=\"display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\"\/><\/p>\n<h2>\u710a\u63a5\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u70ed\u4f20\u9012\u7684\u673a\u5236\u89e3\u6790<\/h2>\n<p>\u710a\u63a5\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5c06\u4e24\u4e2a\u6216\u591a\u4e2a\u91d1\u5c5e\u6216\u70ed\u5851\u6027\u6750\u6599\u901a\u8fc7\u52a0\u70ed\u3001\u52a0\u538b\u6216\u4e24\u8005\u7ed3\u5408\u8fde\u63a5\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u7684\u5236\u9020\u5de5\u827a\u3002\u5728\u710a\u63a5\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u70ed\u4f20\u9012\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u76f4\u63a5\u5f71\u54cd\u710a\u7f1d\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\u548c\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u89e3\u6790\u710a\u63a5\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u70ed\u4f20\u9012\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u4e3a\u8bfb\u8005\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u4e2a\u57fa\u7840\u7406\u89e3\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u70ed\u4f20\u9012\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u673a\u5236<\/h2>\n<p>\u5728\u710a\u63a5\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u70ed\u4f20\u9012\u4e3b\u8981\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e09\u79cd\u673a\u5236\u5b9e\u73b0\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><u1><\/p>\n<li><b>\u5bfc\u70ed\uff08Conduction\uff09<\/b><\/li>\n<li><b>\u5bf9\u6d41\uff08Convection\uff09<\/b><\/li>\n<li><b>\u8f90\u5c04\uff08Radiation\uff09<\/b><\/li>\n<p><\/u1><\/p>\n<h2>\u5bfc\u70ed<\/h2>\n<p>\u5bfc\u70ed\u662f\u6307\u70ed\u91cf\u5728\u6750\u6599\u5185\u90e8\u901a\u8fc7\u539f\u5b50\u6216\u5206\u5b50\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u76f8\u4e92\u78b0\u649e\u548c\u632f\u52a8\u4f20\u64ad\u3002\u5728\u710a\u63a5\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u7535\u5f27\u6216\u6fc0\u5149\u7b49\u70ed\u6e90\u52a0\u70ed\u710a\u63a5\u6750\u6599\uff0c\u4f7f\u5176\u6e29\u5ea6\u4e0a\u5347\u3002\u70ed\u80fd\u901a\u8fc7\u5bfc\u70ed\u4ece\u6e29\u5ea6\u8f83\u9ad8\u7684\u533a\u57df\u4f20\u9012\u5230\u6e29\u5ea6\u8f83\u4f4e\u7684\u533a\u57df\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5bfc\u70ed\u9075\u5faa\u5085\u7acb\u53f6\u5b9a\u5f8b\uff0c\u5176\u6570\u5b66\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u4e3a\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><i>q = -k \\frac{dT}{dx}<\/i><\/p>\n<p>\u5176\u4e2d\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><o1><\/p>\n<li><i>q<\/i> \u4ee3\u8868\u70ed\u6d41\u5bc6\u5ea6\uff08W\/m\u00b2\uff09<\/li>\n<li><i>k<\/i> \u4ee3\u8868\u5bfc\u70ed\u7cfb\u6570\uff08W\/m\u00b7K\uff09<\/li>\n<li><i>\\frac{dT}{dx}<\/i> \u8868\u793a\u6e29\u5ea6\u68af\u5ea6<\/li>\n<p><\/o1><\/p>\n<h2>\u5bf9\u6d41<\/h2>\n<p>\u5bf9\u6d41\u662f\u70ed\u91cf\u901a\u8fc7\u6d41\u4f53\uff08\u5982\u6c14\u4f53\u6216\u6db2\u4f53\uff09\u8fd0\u52a8\u4f20\u64ad\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u5728\u710a\u63a5\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5468\u56f4\u7a7a\u6c14\u6216\u4fdd\u62a4\u6c14\u4f53\u7684\u6d41\u52a8\u4f1a\u5e26\u8d70\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u70ed\u91cf\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u8fc7\u7a0b\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u5bf9\u6d41\u51b7\u5374\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5bf9\u6d41\u4f20\u70ed\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u65b9\u7a0b\u4e3a\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><i>q = h A \\Delta T<\/i><\/p>\n<p>\u5176\u4e2d\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><o1><\/p>\n<li><i>q<\/i> \u4ee3\u8868\u70ed\u6d41\u91cf\uff08W\uff09<\/li>\n<li><i>h<\/i> \u4ee3\u8868\u5bf9\u6d41\u4f20\u70ed\u7cfb\u6570\uff08W\/m\u00b2\u00b7K\uff09<\/li>\n<li><i>A<\/i> \u4e3a\u4f20\u70ed\u9762\u79ef\uff08m\u00b2\uff09<\/li>\n<li><i>\\Delta T<\/i> \u662f\u6e29\u5dee\uff08K\uff09<\/li>\n<p><\/o1><\/p>\n<h2>\u8f90\u5c04<\/h2>\n<p>\u8f90\u5c04\u662f\u6307\u70ed\u91cf\u901a\u8fc7\u7535\u78c1\u6ce2\u5728\u771f\u7a7a\u6216\u7a7a\u6c14\u4e2d\u4f20\u64ad\u3002\u5728\u710a\u63a5\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6750\u6599\u8868\u9762\u7684\u9ad8\u6e29\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u7ea2\u5916\u8f90\u5c04\uff0c\u90e8\u5206\u70ed\u80fd\u4ee5\u8f90\u5c04\u5f62\u5f0f\u6563\u53d1\u51fa\u53bb\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8f90\u5c04\u4f20\u70ed\u9075\u5faa\u65af\u8482\u82ac-\u73bb\u5c14\u5179\u66fc\u5b9a\u5f8b\uff0c\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u4e3a\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><i>q = \\sigma \\epsilon A (T_s^4 &#8211; T_{env}^4)<\/i><\/p>\n<p>\u5176\u4e2d\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><o1><\/p>\n<li><i>q<\/i> \u4ee3\u8868\u8f90\u5c04\u70ed\u6d41\u91cf\uff08W\uff09<\/li>\n<li><i>\\sigma<\/i> \u4e3a\u65af\u8482\u82ac-\u73bb\u5c14\u5179\u66fc\u5e38\u6570\uff085.67 \u00d7 10<sup>-8<\/sup> W\/m\u00b2\u00b7K<sup>4<\/sup>\uff09<\/li>\n<li><i>\\epsilon<\/i> \u4e3a\u6750\u6599\u7684\u8f90\u5c04\u7387<\/li>\n<li><i>A<\/i> \u4e3a\u8f90\u5c04\u9762\u79ef\uff08m\u00b2\uff09<\/li>\n<li><i>T_s<\/i> \u4ee3\u8868\u6750\u6599\u8868\u9762\u6e29\u5ea6\uff08K\uff09<\/li>\n<li><i>T_{env}<\/i> \u4e3a\u73af\u5883\u6e29\u5ea6\uff08K\uff09<\/li>\n<p><\/o1><\/p>\n<h2>\u7ed3\u8bba<\/h2>\n<p>\u901a\u8fc7\u70ed\u4f20\u9012\u673a\u5236\u7684\u89e3\u6790\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u7406\u89e3\u710a\u63a5\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u5982\u4f55\u63a7\u5236\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u70ed\u91cf\u3002\u5bfc\u70ed\u3001\u5bf9\u6d41\u548c\u8f90\u5c04\u662f\u710a\u63a5\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u70ed\u4f20\u9012\u7684\u4e09\u79cd\u4e3b\u8981\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u638c\u63e1\u8fd9\u4e9b\u57fa\u672c\u539f\u7406\u5bf9\u4e8e\u63d0\u9ad8\u710a\u63a5\u8d28\u91cf\u548c\u5de5\u827a\u6548\u7387\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u710a\u63a5\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u70ed\u4f20\u9012\u7684\u673a\u5236\u89e3\u6790\uff0c\u6df1\u5165\u8bb2\u89e3\u710a\u63a5\u4e2d\u7684\u70ed\u91cf\u4f20\u64ad\u8def\u5f84\u548c\u5f71\u54cd\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u8bfb\u8005\u7406\u89e3\u53ca\u4f18\u5316\u710a\u63a5\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u4ea7\u54c1\u8d28\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[134],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- 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