{"id":743562,"date":"2024-09-23T11:53:04","date_gmt":"2024-09-23T10:53:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/?p=743562"},"modified":"2024-09-23T11:53:04","modified_gmt":"2024-09-23T10:53:04","slug":"%e7%83%ad%e7%bb%9d%e7%bc%98%e6%9d%90%e6%96%99%e6%b5%8b%e8%af%95","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/zh-hans\/%e7%83%ad%e7%bb%9d%e7%bc%98%e6%9d%90%e6%96%99%e6%b5%8b%e8%af%95\/","title":{"rendered":"\u70ed\u7edd\u7f18\u6750\u6599\u6d4b\u8bd5"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"sidekick\">\u70ed\u7edd\u7f18\u6750\u6599\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff1a\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5404\u79cd\u70ed\u7edd\u7f18\u6750\u6599\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5206\u6790\u5176\u70ed\u6027\u80fd\u53ca\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u8bfb\u8005\u7406\u89e3\u5982\u4f55\u9009\u62e9\u548c\u4f7f\u7528\u5408\u9002\u7684\u7edd\u7f18\u6750\u6599\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/\u70ed\u7edd\u7f18\u6750\u6599\u6d4b\u8bd5.png\" alt=\"\u70ed\u7edd\u7f18\u6750\u6599\u6d4b\u8bd5\" style=\"display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\"\/><\/p>\n<h2>\u70ed\u7edd\u7f18\u6750\u6599\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/h2>\n<p>\u70ed\u7edd\u7f18\u6750\u6599\u5728\u8bb8\u591a\u9886\u57df\u4e2d\u8d77\u7740\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u4ece\u5efa\u7b51\u8282\u80fd\u5230\u5de5\u4e1a\u8bbe\u5907\u4fdd\u62a4\u65e0\u6240\u4e0d\u5305\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u786e\u4fdd\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6750\u6599\u7684\u6027\u80fd\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u8fdb\u884c\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6765\u786e\u5b9a\u5176\u9694\u70ed\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u70ed\u7edd\u7f18\u6750\u6599\u6d4b\u8bd5\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u6027\u80fd\u6307\u6807\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5bfc\u70ed\u7cfb\u6570\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/li>\n<li>\u6bd4\u70ed\u5bb9\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/li>\n<li>\u81a8\u80c0\u7cfb\u6570\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>\u5bfc\u70ed\u7cfb\u6570\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/h2>\n<p>\u5bfc\u70ed\u7cfb\u6570 (Thermal Conductivity)\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u7528\u7b26\u53f7 <i>k<\/i> \u8868\u793a\uff0c\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a\u6750\u6599\u4f20\u5bfc\u70ed\u91cf\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5bfc\u70ed\u7cfb\u6570\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6709\u5f88\u591a\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u662f\u7a33\u6001\u6cd5\u548c\u77ac\u6001\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b>\u7a33\u6001\u70ed\u6d41\u8ba1\u6cd5\uff1a<\/b>\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u901a\u8fc7\u5728\u6750\u6599\u7684\u4e00\u4fa7\u65bd\u52a0\u6052\u5b9a\u7684\u70ed\u6e90\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u5728\u53e6\u4e00\u4fa7\u51b7\u5374\uff0c\u5e76\u6d4b\u91cf\u4e24\u4fa7\u7684\u6e29\u5dee\u548c\u70ed\u6d41\u91cf\u6765\u8ba1\u7b97\u5bfc\u70ed\u7cfb\u6570\u3002<\/li>\n<li><b>\u77ac\u6001\u5e73\u677f\u70ed\u6e90\u6cd5\uff1a<\/b>\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u5229\u7528\u77ac\u6001\u70ed\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u5c06\u4e00\u4e2a\u70ed\u6e90\u653e\u7f6e\u5728\u6750\u6599\u7684\u4e00\u4fa7\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u6d4b\u91cf\u6e29\u5ea6\u968f\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u6765\u8ba1\u7b97\u5bfc\u70ed\u7cfb\u6570\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>\u6bd4\u70ed\u5bb9\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/h2>\n<p>\u6bd4\u70ed\u5bb9 (Specific Heat Capacity)\uff0c\u8bb0\u4f5c <i>c<\/i>\uff0c\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a\u5355\u4f4d\u8d28\u91cf\u6750\u6599\u5728\u5355\u4f4d\u6e29\u5ea6\u53d8\u5316\u4e0b\u5438\u6536\u6216\u91ca\u653e\u7684\u70ed\u91cf\u3002\u6bd4\u70ed\u5bb9\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0b\u65b9\u6cd5\u6d4b\u91cf\uff1a<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><b>\u5361\u5c14\u5bc6\u6cd5\uff1a<\/b>\u5c06\u5df2\u77e5\u8d28\u91cf\u7684\u6750\u6599\u52a0\u70ed\u81f3\u67d0\u4e00\u6e29\u5ea6\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u653e\u5165\u5df2\u77e5\u6e29\u5ea6\u548c\u6bd4\u70ed\u5bb9\u7684\u6c34\u4e2d\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u70ed\u91cf\u5e73\u8861\u65b9\u7a0b\u8ba1\u7b97\u6750\u6599\u7684\u6bd4\u70ed\u5bb9\u3002<\/li>\n<li><b>\u5dee\u793a\u626b\u63cf\u91cf\u70ed\u6cd5 (DSC)\uff1a<\/b>\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u6837\u54c1\u8fdb\u884c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6027\u5347\u6e29\u6216\u964d\u6e29\uff0c\u6d4b\u91cf\u5176\u70ed\u6d41\u91cf\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u8ba1\u7b97\u6bd4\u70ed\u5bb9\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>\u81a8\u80c0\u7cfb\u6570\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/h2>\n<p>\u81a8\u80c0\u7cfb\u6570 (Thermal Expansion Coefficient) \u7528\u4e8e\u63cf\u8ff0\u6750\u6599\u968f\u6e29\u5ea6\u53d8\u5316\u800c\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u3002\u6d4b\u8bd5\u81a8\u80c0\u7cfb\u6570\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u70ed\u673a\u68b0\u5206\u6790\u6cd5 (TMA)\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u901a\u8fc7\u6d4b\u91cf\u6750\u6599\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u6e29\u5ea6\u4e0b\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u8ba1\u7b97\u81a8\u80c0\u7cfb\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u70ed\u4f20\u5bfc\u65b9\u7a0b\u548c\u5e94\u7528<\/h2>\n<p>\u5728\u70ed\u7edd\u7f18\u6750\u6599\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4e2d\uff0c\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u70ed\u4f20\u5bfc\u65b9\u7a0b\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><i>q = -k \\frac{\\Delta T}{\\Delta x}<\/i><\/p>\n<p>\u5176\u4e2d\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><i>q<\/i> \u662f\u70ed\u6d41\u5bc6\u5ea6\uff08W\/m\u00b2\uff09<\/li>\n<li><i>k<\/i> \u662f\u5bfc\u70ed\u7cfb\u6570\uff08W\/m\u00b7K\uff09<\/li>\n<li><i>\\Delta T<\/i> \u662f\u6e29\u5ea6\u68af\u5ea6\uff08K\uff09<\/li>\n<li><i>\\Delta x<\/i> \u662f\u957f\u5ea6\uff08m\uff09<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u8bfb\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e86\u89e3\u5230\u70ed\u7edd\u7f18\u6750\u6599\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6d4b\u8bd5\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u76f8\u5173\u53c2\u6570\u3002\u5e0c\u671b\u8fd9\u4e9b\u77e5\u8bc6\u80fd\u6fc0\u53d1\u5bf9\u70ed\u5de5\u7a0b\u9886\u57df\u7684\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5174\u8da3\u548c\u63a2\u8ba8\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u70ed\u7edd\u7f18\u6750\u6599\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff1a\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5404\u79cd\u70ed\u7edd\u7f18\u6750\u6599\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5206\u6790\u5176\u70ed\u6027\u80fd\u53ca\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u8bfb\u8005\u7406\u89e3\u5982\u4f55\u9009\u62e9\u548c\u4f7f\u7528\u5408\u9002\u7684\u7edd\u7f18\u6750\u6599\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[134],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is 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