{"id":746546,"date":"2024-12-13T07:25:51","date_gmt":"2024-12-13T06:25:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/?p=746546"},"modified":"2024-12-13T07:25:51","modified_gmt":"2024-12-13T06:25:51","slug":"%e7%83%ad%e5%af%bc%e7%8e%87%e4%bb%aa-%e5%8e%9f%e7%90%86%e4%b8%8e%e6%9d%90%e6%96%99%e6%b5%8b%e8%af%95","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/zh-hans\/%e7%83%ad%e5%af%bc%e7%8e%87%e4%bb%aa-%e5%8e%9f%e7%90%86%e4%b8%8e%e6%9d%90%e6%96%99%e6%b5%8b%e8%af%95\/","title":{"rendered":"\u70ed\u5bfc\u7387\u4eea | \u539f\u7406\u4e0e\u6750\u6599\u6d4b\u8bd5"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"sidekick\">\u70ed\u5bfc\u7387\u4eea\u662f\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6750\u6599\u70ed\u5bfc\u7387\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\uff0c\u6587\u7ae0\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5176\u5de5\u4f5c\u539f\u7406\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e0d\u540c\u6750\u6599\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u8ba9\u8bfb\u8005\u4e86\u89e3\u5982\u4f55\u7cbe\u786e\u6d4b\u91cf\u548c\u5206\u6790\u70ed\u5bfc\u6027\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/\u70ed\u5bfc\u7387\u4eea_\u539f\u7406\u4e0e\u6750\u6599\u6d4b\u8bd5.png\" alt=\"\u70ed\u5bfc\u7387\u4eea | \u539f\u7406\u4e0e\u6750\u6599\u6d4b\u8bd5\" style=\"display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\"\/><\/p>\n<h2>\u70ed\u5bfc\u7387\u4eea | \u539f\u7406\u4e0e\u6750\u6599\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/h2>\n<p>\u70ed\u5bfc\u7387\u4eea\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7528\u4e8e\u6d4b\u91cf\u6750\u6599\u70ed\u5bfc\u7387\uff08\u6216\u79f0\u5bfc\u70ed\u7cfb\u6570\uff09\u7684\u4e13\u95e8\u8bbe\u5907\u3002\u70ed\u5bfc\u7387\u8868\u793a\u6750\u6599\u4f20\u9012\u70ed\u91cf\u7684\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u662f\u70ed\u5de5\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u53c2\u6570\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u6d4b\u91cf\u70ed\u5bfc\u7387\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e86\u89e3\u4e0d\u540c\u6750\u6599\u5728\u70ed\u4f20\u9012\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u6027\u80fd\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u6750\u6599\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u539f\u7406<\/h2>\n<p>\u70ed\u5bfc\u7387\u4eea\u7684\u6d4b\u91cf\u539f\u7406\u57fa\u4e8e\u5085\u91cc\u53f6\u70ed\u4f20\u5bfc\u5b9a\u5f8b\uff0c\u8be5\u5b9a\u5f8b\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e86\u5bfc\u70ed\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u70ed\u6d41\u5bc6\u5ea6\u4e0e\u6e29\u5ea6\u68af\u5ea6\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>q = -k \\nabla T<\/p>\n<p>\u5176\u4e2d\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b>q<\/b>: \u70ed\u6d41\u5bc6\u5ea6 (W\/m<sup>2<\/sup>)<\/li>\n<li><b>k<\/b>: \u70ed\u5bfc\u7387 (W\/m\u00b7K)<\/li>\n<li><b>\\nabla T<\/b>: \u6e29\u5ea6\u68af\u5ea6 (K\/m)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u5085\u91cc\u53f6\u5b9a\u5f8b\u8868\u660e\u70ed\u6d41\u5bc6\u5ea6\u4e0e\u6e29\u5ea6\u68af\u5ea6\u6210\u6b63\u6bd4\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7\u70ed\u5bfc\u7387\u7cfb\u6570\u8fdb\u884c\u5173\u8054\u3002\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u6d4b\u91cf\u4e2d\uff0c\u70ed\u5bfc\u7387\u4eea\u901a\u5e38\u5229\u7528\u7a33\u6001\u6cd5\u6216\u77ac\u6001\u6cd5\u6765\u6d4b\u91cf\u6750\u6599\u7684\u70ed\u5bfc\u7387\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u7a33\u6001\u6cd5<\/h2>\n<p>\u5728\u7a33\u6001\u6cd5\u4e2d\uff0c\u6837\u54c1\u4e00\u7aef\u65bd\u52a0\u6052\u5b9a\u70ed\u6e90\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u7aef\u4fdd\u6301\u4f4e\u6e29\u6216\u51b7\u5374\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u6837\u54c1\u5185\u5efa\u7acb\u7a33\u5b9a\u6e29\u5ea6\u68af\u5ea6\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u6d4b\u91cf\u6837\u54c1\u4e24\u7aef\u7684\u6e29\u5dee\u548c\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u70ed\u6d41\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba1\u7b97\u70ed\u5bfc\u7387\u3002\u57fa\u672c\u516c\u5f0f\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>k = \\frac{Q \\cdot L}{A \\cdot \\Delta T}<\/p>\n<p>\u5176\u4e2d\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Q<\/b>: \u70ed\u6d41\u91cf (W)<\/li>\n<li><b>L<\/b>: \u6837\u54c1\u957f\u5ea6 (m)<\/li>\n<li><b>A<\/b>: \u6837\u54c1\u622a\u9762\u79ef (m<sup>2<\/sup>)<\/li>\n<li><b>\\Delta T<\/b>: \u6837\u54c1\u4e24\u7aef\u7684\u6e29\u5dee (K)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>\u77ac\u6001\u6cd5<\/h2>\n<p>\u77ac\u6001\u6cd5\u76f8\u6bd4\u7a33\u6001\u6cd5\u5177\u6709\u5feb\u901f\u548c\u591a\u70b9\u6d4b\u91cf\u7684\u4f18\u52bf\u3002\u77ac\u6001\u6cd5\u901a\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u6fc0\u5149\u95ea\u5149\u6cd5\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u9762\u53d7\u5230\u6fc0\u5149\u8109\u51b2\u52a0\u70ed\uff0c\u6837\u54c1\u5185\u90e8\u6cbf\u539a\u5ea6\u65b9\u5411\u7684\u6e29\u5ea6\u968f\u65f6\u95f4\u53d8\u5316\u901a\u8fc7\u6e29\u5ea6\u4f20\u611f\u5668\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0c\u5e76\u5229\u7528\u5206\u6790\u6a21\u578b\u6c42\u89e3\u70ed\u5bfc\u7387\u3002\u77ac\u6001\u7a0b\u5e8f\u516c\u5f0f\u901a\u5e38\u8f83\u4e3a\u590d\u6742\uff0c\u5e38\u7528\u5206\u6790\u6a21\u578b\u5982Parker\u6a21\u578b\u3001Clauser-Sch\u00f6sz\u00f6n\u6a21\u578b\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u6750\u6599\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/h2>\n<p>\u70ed\u5bfc\u7387\u4eea\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u6d4b\u8bd5\u591a\u79cd\u6750\u6599\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u91d1\u5c5e\u3001\u9676\u74f7\u3001\u590d\u5408\u6750\u6599\u3001\u7edd\u7f18\u6750\u6599\u7b49\u3002\u4e0d\u540c\u6750\u6599\u7684\u70ed\u5bfc\u7387\u8303\u56f4\u6709\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u91d1\u5c5e\uff1a\u8f83\u9ad8\u7684\u70ed\u5bfc\u7387\uff0c\u5982\u94dc (390 W\/m\u00b7K)\u3001\u94dd (237 W\/m\u00b7K)<\/li>\n<li>\u9676\u74f7\uff1a\u4e2d\u7b49\u70ed\u5bfc\u7387\uff0c\u5982\u6c27\u5316\u94dd (30 W\/m\u00b7K)\u3001\u6c27\u5316\u9506 (2.5 W\/m\u00b7K)<\/li>\n<li>\u590d\u5408\u6750\u6599\uff1a\u6839\u636e\u586b\u6599\u70ed\u5bfc\u7387\u4e0d\u540c\u800c\u53d8\u5316<\/li>\n<li>\u7edd\u7f18\u6750\u6599\uff1a\u4f4e\u70ed\u5bfc\u7387\uff0c\u5982\u73bb\u7483\u7ea4\u7ef4 (<0.05 W\/m\u00b7K)\u3001\u805a\u6c28\u916f\u6ce1\u6cab (~0.03 W\/m\u00b7K)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u603b\u4e4b\uff0c\u70ed\u5bfc\u7387\u4eea\u5728\u6750\u6599\u79d1\u5b66\u4e0e\u5de5\u7a0b\u3001\u70ed\u7ba1\u7406\u3001\u5efa\u7b51\u8282\u80fd\u7b49\u9886\u57df\u4e2d\u5e94\u7528\u5e7f\u6cdb\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u7cbe\u786e\u7684\u70ed\u5bfc\u7387\u6d4b\u91cf\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u4e3a\u6750\u6599\u9009\u62e9\u548c\u6539\u6027\u63d0\u4f9b\u53c2\u8003\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u70ed\u5bfc\u7387\u4eea\u662f\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6750\u6599\u70ed\u5bfc\u7387\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\uff0c\u6587\u7ae0\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5176\u5de5\u4f5c\u539f\u7406\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e0d\u540c\u6750\u6599\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u8ba9\u8bfb\u8005\u4e86\u89e3\u5982\u4f55\u7cbe\u786e\u6d4b\u91cf\u548c\u5206\u6790\u70ed\u5bfc\u6027\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[134],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site 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