{"id":752791,"date":"2024-07-31T14:46:35","date_gmt":"2024-07-31T13:46:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/?p=752791"},"modified":"2024-07-31T14:46:35","modified_gmt":"2024-07-31T13:46:35","slug":"%e7%90%86%e8%a7%a3%e7%84%a6%e8%80%b3-%e6%b1%a4%e5%a7%86%e9%80%8a%e6%95%88%e5%ba%94","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/zh-hans\/%e7%90%86%e8%a7%a3%e7%84%a6%e8%80%b3-%e6%b1%a4%e5%a7%86%e9%80%8a%e6%95%88%e5%ba%94\/","title":{"rendered":"\u7406\u89e3\u7126\u8033-\u6c64\u59c6\u900a\u6548\u5e94"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"sidekick\">\u7406\u89e3\u7126\u8033-\u6c64\u59c6\u900a\u6548\u5e94\uff0c\u6df1\u5165\u63a2\u8ba8\u6c14\u4f53\u5728\u7edd\u70ed\u81a8\u80c0\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u6e29\u5ea6\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u539f\u7406\u53ca\u5176\u5728\u5236\u51b7\u6280\u672f\u4e2d\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/\u7406\u89e3\u7126\u8033-\u6c64\u59c6\u900a\u6548\u5e94.png\" alt=\"\u7406\u89e3\u7126\u8033-\u6c64\u59c6\u900a\u6548\u5e94\" style=\"display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\"\/><\/p>\n<h2>\u7406\u89e3\u7126\u8033-\u6c64\u59c6\u900a\u6548\u5e94<\/h2>\n<p>\u5728\u70ed\u5de5\u5b66\u4e2d\uff0c\u7126\u8033-\u6c64\u59c6\u900a\u6548\u5e94\uff08Joule-Thomson Effect\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5341\u5206\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6548\u5e94\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e86\u6c14\u4f53\u5728\u6052\u5b9a\u7113\uff08\u7113\u662f\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u7269\u7406\u91cf\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u603b\u80fd\u91cf\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5185\u80fd\u548c\u4f53\u79ef\u529f\uff09\u4e0b\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u591a\u5b54\u585e\u65f6\u6e29\u5ea6\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u73b0\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u57fa\u7840\u6982\u5ff5<\/h2>\n<p>\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u7406\u89e3\u4e24\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u6982\u5ff5\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b>\u7113:<\/b> \u4e00\u4e2a\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u91cf\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u603b\u70ed\u80fd\uff0c\u7b26\u53f7\u4e3aH\uff0c\u5176\u5355\u4f4d\u4e3a\u7126\u8033\uff08J\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n<li><b>\u7126\u8033-\u6c64\u59c6\u900a\u7cfb\u6570:<\/b> \u7528\u4e8e\u63cf\u8ff0\u6c14\u4f53\u5728\u67d0\u4e00\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u6e29\u5ea6\u53d8\u5316\u4e0e\u538b\u529b\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u6bd4\u7387\uff0c\u7b26\u53f7\u4e3a\u03bc<sub>JT<\/sub>\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>\u6548\u5e94\u63cf\u8ff0<\/h2>\n<p>\u5f53\u6c14\u4f53\u4ece\u9ad8\u538b\u533a\u901a\u8fc7\u591a\u5b54\u585e\u8fdb\u5165\u4f4e\u538b\u533a\uff0c\u5176\u7113\u4fdd\u6301\u4e0d\u53d8\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6c14\u4f53\u7684\u6e29\u5ea6\u4f1a\u53d1\u751f\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u73b0\u8c61\u5373\u4e3a\u7126\u8033-\u6c64\u59c6\u900a\u6548\u5e94\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u7126\u8033-\u6c64\u59c6\u900a\u7cfb\u6570\u6765\u5224\u65ad\u6e29\u5ea6\u53d8\u5316:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5f53\u03bc<sub>JT<\/sub> > 0 \u65f6\uff0c\u6c14\u4f53\u5728\u81a8\u80c0\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u6e29\u5ea6\u964d\u4f4e\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5f53\u03bc<sub>JT<\/sub> < 0 \u65f6\uff0c\u6c14\u4f53\u5728\u81a8\u80c0\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u6e29\u5ea6\u4e0a\u5347\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>\u6570\u5b66\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f<\/h2>\n<p>\u7126\u8033-\u6c64\u59c6\u900a\u6548\u5e94\u7684\u6570\u5b66\u8868\u793a\u4e3a\uff1a<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align:center;\">\u03bc<sub>JT<\/sub> = \\(\\left( \\frac{\\partial T}{\\partial P} \\right)_{H}\\)<\/p>\n<p>\u5176\u4e2d\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u03a4 \u8868\u793a\u6c14\u4f53\u6e29\u5ea6\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u03a1 \u8868\u793a\u6c14\u4f53\u538b\u529b\u3002<\/li>\n<li>H \u8868\u793a\u6c14\u4f53\u7684\u7113\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>\u5e94\u7528\u9886\u57df<\/h2>\n<p>\u8003\u8651\u7126\u8033-\u6c64\u59c6\u900a\u6548\u5e94\u7684\u573a\u5408\u5305\u62ec\u4f46\u4e0d\u9650\u4e8e\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u51b7\u51bb\u6280\u672f: \u4f8b\u5982\u5236\u51b7\u5242\u7684\u9ad8\u538b\u90e8\u5206\u81a8\u80c0\u5230\u4f4e\u538b\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u8fbe\u5230\u51b7\u5374\u7684\u6548\u679c\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5929\u7136\u6c14\u7684\u6db2\u5316: \u5229\u7528\u7126\u8033-\u6c64\u59c6\u900a\u6548\u5e94\uff0c\u4f7f\u5929\u7136\u6c14\u5728\u81a8\u80c0\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u51b7\u5374\uff0c\u8fbe\u5230\u6db2\u5316\u76ee\u7684\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>\u5b9e\u9a8c\u9a8c\u8bc1<\/h2>\n<p>\u5b9e\u9645\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7126\u8033-\u6c64\u59c6\u900a\u6548\u5e94\u901a\u8fc7\u5982\u4e0b\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5b9e\u73b0\uff1a<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u5c06\u5f85\u6d4b\u6c14\u4f53\u901a\u8fc7\u591a\u5b54\u585e\uff0c\u4f7f\u5176\u4ece\u9ad8\u538b\u533a\u57df\u6d41\u5411\u4f4e\u538b\u533a\u57df\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u6d4b\u91cf\u6c14\u4f53\u5728\u901a\u8fc7\u591a\u5b54\u585e\u524d\u540e\u7684\u6e29\u5ea6\u5dee\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u6839\u636e\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u786e\u8ba4\u548c\u8ba1\u7b97\u51fa\u7126\u8033-\u6c64\u59c6\u900a\u7cfb\u6570\uff0c\u5e76\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5206\u6790\u5176\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u6027\u8d28\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u603b\u7ed3<\/h2>\n<p>\u7126\u8033-\u6c64\u59c6\u900a\u6548\u5e94\u63ed\u793a\u4e86\u6c14\u4f53\u5728\u7279\u5b9a\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\u6e29\u5ea6\u4e0e\u538b\u529b\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u70ed\u5de5\u5b66\u548c\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e94\u7528\u5177\u6709\u91cd\u8981\u610f\u4e49\u3002\u5b66\u4e60\u548c\u7406\u89e3\u8fd9\u4e00\u6548\u5e94\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u6211\u4eec\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u8bbe\u8ba1\u548c\u4f18\u5316\u5b9e\u9645\u5de5\u7a0b\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u6362\u70ed\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u7406\u89e3\u7126\u8033-\u6c64\u59c6\u900a\u6548\u5e94\uff0c\u6df1\u5165\u63a2\u8ba8\u6c14\u4f53\u5728\u7edd\u70ed\u81a8\u80c0\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u6e29\u5ea6\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u539f\u7406\u53ca\u5176\u5728\u5236\u51b7\u6280\u672f\u4e2d\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[134],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- 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