{"id":753158,"date":"2024-11-17T23:39:35","date_gmt":"2024-11-17T22:39:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/?p=753158"},"modified":"2024-11-17T23:39:35","modified_gmt":"2024-11-17T22:39:35","slug":"%e7%90%86%e8%a7%a3%e5%bc%95%e6%93%8e%e4%b8%ad%e7%9a%84%e5%a5%a5%e6%89%98%e5%be%aa%e7%8e%af","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/zh-hans\/%e7%90%86%e8%a7%a3%e5%bc%95%e6%93%8e%e4%b8%ad%e7%9a%84%e5%a5%a5%e6%89%98%e5%be%aa%e7%8e%af\/","title":{"rendered":"\u7406\u89e3\u5f15\u64ce\u4e2d\u7684\u5965\u6258\u5faa\u73af"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"sidekick\">\u7406\u89e3\u5f15\u64ce\u4e2d\u7684\u5965\u6258\u5faa\u73af\uff1a\u63a2\u8ba8\u5965\u6258\u5faa\u73af\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u539f\u7406\u53ca\u5176\u5728\u5185\u71c3\u673a\u4e2d\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u63ed\u793a\u63d0\u9ad8\u53d1\u52a8\u673a\u6548\u7387\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/\u7406\u89e3\u5f15\u64ce\u4e2d\u7684\u5965\u6258\u5faa\u73af.png\" alt=\"\u7406\u89e3\u5f15\u64ce\u4e2d\u7684\u5965\u6258\u5faa\u73af\" style=\"display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\"\/><\/p>\n<h2>\u7406\u89e3\u5f15\u64ce\u4e2d\u7684\u5965\u6258\u5faa\u73af<\/h2>\n<p>\u5965\u6258\u5faa\u73af\uff08Otto Cycle\uff09\u662f\u5927\u591a\u6570\u6c7d\u6cb9\u53d1\u52a8\u673a\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u57fa\u7840\u3002\u5b83\u4ee5\u5fb7\u56fd\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08\u5c3c\u53e4\u62c9\u65af\u00b7\u5965\u6258\uff08Nikolaus Otto\uff09\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u547d\u540d\uff0c\u4ed6\u572819\u4e16\u7eaa70\u5e74\u4ee3\u53d1\u660e\u4e86\u8fd9\u79cd\u5faa\u73af\u3002\u4e86\u89e3\u5965\u6258\u5faa\u73af\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7406\u89e3\u5185\u71c3\u673a\u5de5\u4f5c\u539f\u7406\u4ee5\u53ca\u70ed\u6548\u7387\u662f\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u5965\u6258\u5faa\u73af\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u539f\u7406<\/h2>\n<p>\u5965\u6258\u5faa\u73af\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7406\u60f3\u7684\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u5faa\u73af\uff0c\u7531\u56db\u4e2a\u57fa\u672c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7ec4\u6210\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u7b49\u5bb9\u52a0\u70ed\uff08Isochoric Heating\uff09<\/li>\n<li>\u7edd\u70ed\u81a8\u80c0\uff08Adiabatic Expansion\uff09<\/li>\n<li>\u7b49\u5bb9\u51b7\u5374\uff08Isochoric Cooling\uff09<\/li>\n<li>\u7edd\u70ed\u538b\u7f29\uff08Adiabatic Compression\uff09<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>\u5965\u6258\u5faa\u73af\u7684\u56db\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5<\/h2>\n<h3>1. \u7b49\u5bb9\u52a0\u70ed<\/h3>\n<p>\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u71c3\u6599\u548c\u7a7a\u6c14\u7684\u6df7\u5408\u7269\u88ab\u538b\u7f29\u5230\u5f88\u5c0f\u7684\u4f53\u79ef\uff0c\u968f\u540e\u706b\u82b1\u585e\u70b9\u71c3\u6df7\u5408\u7269\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u706b\u82b1\u585e\u70b9\u706b\u7684\u77ac\u95f4\u4f53\u79ef\u4e0d\u53d8\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6b64\u8fc7\u7a0b\u662f\u7b49\u5bb9\u52a0\u70ed\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u80fd\u91cf\u65b9\u7a0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\\[ Q_{in} = m \\cdot c_v \\cdot (T_3 &#8211; T_2) \\]\n<h3>2. \u7edd\u70ed\u81a8\u80c0<\/h3>\n<p>\u71c3\u70e7\u540e\u7684\u9ad8\u6e29\u9ad8\u538b\u6c14\u4f53\u63a8\u52a8\u6d3b\u585e\u5411\u4e0b\u79fb\u52a8\uff0c\u505a\u529f\u4e8e\u5916\u754c\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u8fc7\u7a0b\u662f\u7edd\u70ed\u7684\uff0c\u5373\u6ca1\u6709\u70ed\u91cf\u4f20\u9012\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u80fd\u91cf\u65b9\u7a0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\\[ W_{out} = \\frac{P_3 \\cdot V_3 &#8211; P_4 \\cdot V_4}{\\gamma &#8211; 1} \\]\n<h3>3. \u7b49\u5bb9\u51b7\u5374<\/h3>\n<p>\u5f53\u6d3b\u585e\u5230\u8fbe\u4e0b\u6b62\u70b9\u540e\uff0c\u6c14\u4f53\u901a\u8fc7\u6392\u6c14\u9600\u6392\u51fa\u3002\u4f53\u79ef\u4fdd\u6301\u4e0d\u53d8\uff0c\u6c14\u4f53\u51b7\u5374\u81f3\u73af\u5883\u6e29\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u80fd\u91cf\u65b9\u7a0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\\[ Q_{out} = m \\cdot c_v \\cdot (T_4 &#8211; T_1) \\]\n<h3>4. \u7edd\u70ed\u538b\u7f29<\/h3>\n<p>\u56db\u51b2\u7a0b\u53d1\u52a8\u673a\u7684\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u662f\u5c06\u51b7\u5374\u540e\u7684\u6c14\u4f53\u6df7\u5408\u7269\u538b\u7f29\u56de\u5230\u521d\u59cb\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u4f7f\u5faa\u73af\u80fd\u591f\u7ee7\u7eed\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u80fd\u91cf\u65b9\u7a0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\\[ W_{in} = \\frac{P_1 \\cdot V_1 &#8211; P_2 \\cdot V_2}{\\gamma &#8211; 1} \\]\n<h2>\u5965\u6258\u5faa\u73af\u7684\u6548\u7387<\/h2>\n<p>\u5965\u6258\u5faa\u73af\u7684\u6548\u7387\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u538b\u7f29\u6bd4\uff08compression ratio\uff09\uff0c\u5373\u6700\u5927\u4f53\u79ef\uff08V<sub>1<\/sub>\uff09\u4e0e\u6700\u5c0f\u4f53\u79ef\uff08V<sub>2<\/sub>\uff09\u7684\u6bd4\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u70ed\u6548\u7387\u516c\u5f0f\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\\[ \\eta = 1 &#8211; \\frac{1}{r^{\\gamma &#8211; 1}} \\]\n<p>\u5176\u4e2d\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\\(r\\) \u662f\u538b\u7f29\u6bd4 \\( \\frac{V_1}{V_2} \\)<\/li>\n<li>\\(\\gamma\\) \u662f\u6bd4\u70ed\u6bd4 (\u4e00\u822c\u4e3a 1.4)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u538b\u7f29\u6bd4\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u53d1\u52a8\u673a\u7684\u70ed\u6548\u7387\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u603b\u7ed3<\/h2>\n<p>\u7406\u89e3\u5965\u6258\u5faa\u73af\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u6211\u4eec\u8ba4\u8bc6\u5230\u4e3a\u4f55\u5185\u71c3\u673a\u7684\u6548\u7387\u6709\u9650\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u63d0\u9ad8\u538b\u7f29\u6bd4\u5982\u4f55\u63d0\u5347\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u5965\u6258\u5faa\u73af\u662f\u5185\u71c3\u673a\u5de5\u7a0b\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u57fa\u7840\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08\u548c\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u638c\u63e1\u8fd9\u4e00\u77e5\u8bc6\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u7406\u89e3\u5f15\u64ce\u4e2d\u7684\u5965\u6258\u5faa\u73af\uff1a\u63a2\u8ba8\u5965\u6258\u5faa\u73af\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u539f\u7406\u53ca\u5176\u5728\u5185\u71c3\u673a\u4e2d\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u63ed\u793a\u63d0\u9ad8\u53d1\u52a8\u673a\u6548\u7387\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[134],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- 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