{"id":753348,"date":"2024-12-28T12:09:07","date_gmt":"2024-12-28T11:09:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/?p=753348"},"modified":"2024-12-28T12:09:07","modified_gmt":"2024-12-28T11:09:07","slug":"%e7%90%86%e8%a7%a3%e6%b5%81%e4%bd%93%e5%8a%a8%e9%87%8f%e4%bc%a0%e9%80%92","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/zh-hans\/%e7%90%86%e8%a7%a3%e6%b5%81%e4%bd%93%e5%8a%a8%e9%87%8f%e4%bc%a0%e9%80%92\/","title":{"rendered":"\u7406\u89e3\u6d41\u4f53\u52a8\u91cf\u4f20\u9012"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"sidekick\">\u7406\u89e3\u6d41\u4f53\u52a8\u91cf\u4f20\u9012\uff0c\u6df1\u5165\u63a2\u8ba8\u6d41\u4f53\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\u7684\u8fd0\u52a8\u65b9\u5f0f\u548c\u538b\u529b\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u63ed\u793a\u5176\u5728\u70ed\u529b\u5de5\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u53ca\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/\u7406\u89e3\u6d41\u4f53\u52a8\u91cf\u4f20\u9012.png\" alt=\"\u7406\u89e3\u6d41\u4f53\u52a8\u91cf\u4f20\u9012\" style=\"display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\"\/><\/p>\n<h2>\u7406\u89e3\u6d41\u4f53\u52a8\u91cf\u4f20\u9012<\/h2>\n<p>\u6d41\u4f53\u52a8\u91cf\u4f20\u9012\u662f\u5728\u6d41\u4f53\u529b\u5b66\u548c\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u5b83\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e86\u6d41\u4f53\u5728\u6d41\u52a8\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u52a8\u91cf\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u4ece\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f4d\u7f6e\u5411\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f4d\u7f6e\u8fdb\u884c\u4f20\u9012\u7684\u3002\u7406\u89e3\u8fd9\u4e00\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8bb8\u591a\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u7ba1\u9053\u8bbe\u8ba1\u3001\u6cf5\u8bbe\u8ba1\u548c\u70ed\u4ea4\u6362\u5668\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u52a8\u91cf\u4f20\u9012\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u539f\u7406<\/h2>\n<p>\u5728\u6d41\u4f53\u4e2d\uff0c\u52a8\u91cf\u662f\u7531\u4e8e\u6d41\u52a8\u901f\u5ea6\u548c\u8d28\u91cf\u7684\u7ed3\u5408\u800c\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u3002\u52a8\u91cf\u4f20\u9012\u4e3b\u8981\u901a\u8fc7\u4e24\u79cd\u673a\u5236\u8fdb\u884c\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><u1><\/p>\n<li>\u901a\u8fc7\u6d41\u4f53\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u76f4\u63a5\u63a5\u89e6\uff08\u526a\u5207\u6d41\u52a8\uff09<\/li>\n<li>\u901a\u8fc7\u6d41\u4f53\u56e2\u5757\u7684\u5bf9\u6d41<\/li>\n<p><\/u1><\/p>\n<h2>\u725b\u987f\u7c98\u6027\u5b9a\u5f8b<\/h2>\n<p>\u725b\u987f\u7c98\u6027\u5b9a\u5f8b\u4e3a\u63cf\u8ff0\u52a8\u91cf\u4f20\u9012\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u65b9\u7a0b\u3002\u5b83\u6307\u51fa\u526a\u5207\u5e94\u529b \\( \\tau \\) \u548c\u901f\u5ea6\u68af\u5ea6 \\( \\frac{du}{dy} \\) \u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\n  \\[<br \/>\n  \\tau = \\mu \\frac{du}{dy}<br \/>\n  \\]\n<\/p>\n<p>\u5176\u4e2d\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><u1><\/p>\n<li>\\( \\tau \\)\uff1a\u526a\u5207\u5e94\u529b<\/li>\n<li>\\( \\mu \\)\uff1a\u6d41\u4f53\u7684\u7c98\u6027\u7cfb\u6570<\/li>\n<li>\\( \\frac{du}{dy} \\)\uff1a\u901f\u5ea6\u68af\u5ea6\uff08\u901f\u5ea6u\u76f8\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8ddd\u79bby\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u7387\uff09<\/li>\n<p><\/u1><\/p>\n<h2>\u5c42\u6d41\u548c\u6e4d\u6d41<\/h2>\n<p>\u6839\u636e\u6d41\u4f53\u7684\u6d41\u52a8\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u52a8\u91cf\u4f20\u9012\u53ef\u4ee5\u5206\u4e3a\u4e24\u79cd\u4e3b\u8981\u7c7b\u578b\uff1a\u5c42\u6d41\u548c\u6e4d\u6d41\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u5c42\u6d41<\/h3>\n<p>\u5c42\u6d41\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5e73\u7a33\u7684\u6d41\u52a8\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6d41\u4f53\u5206\u5b50\u6cbf\u7740\u5e73\u884c\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u79fb\u52a8\u3002\u5178\u578b\u7684\u5c42\u6d41\u6d41\u52a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4f4e\u96f7\u8bfa\u6570\uff08Re\uff09\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\u89c2\u5bdf\u5230\uff0c\u516c\u5f0f\u4e3a\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\n  \\[<br \/>\n  Re = \\frac{\\rho u D}{\\mu}<br \/>\n  \\]\n<\/p>\n<p>\u5176\u4e2d\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><u1><\/p>\n<li>\\( \\rho \\)\uff1a\u6d41\u4f53\u5bc6\u5ea6<\/li>\n<li>\\( u \\)\uff1a\u7279\u5f81\u901f\u5ea6<\/li>\n<li>\\( D \\)\uff1a\u7279\u5f81\u957f\u5ea6\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u7ba1\u9053\u7684\u76f4\u5f84\uff09<\/li>\n<li>\\( \\mu \\)\uff1a\u52a8\u6001\u7c98\u5ea6<\/li>\n<p><\/u1><\/p>\n<h3>\u6e4d\u6d41<\/h3>\n<p>\u6e4d\u6d41\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u4e0d\u89c4\u5219\u4e14\u6df7\u4e71\u7684\u6d41\u52a8\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u5728\u9ad8\u96f7\u8bfa\u6570\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\u51fa\u73b0\u3002\u5728\u6e4d\u6d41\u4e2d\uff0c\u52a8\u91cf\u4f20\u9012\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u7531\u4e8e\u6d41\u4f53\u56e2\u5757\u7684\u968f\u673a\u8fd0\u52a8\u548c\u78b0\u649e\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u52a8\u91cf\u65b9\u7a0b<\/h2>\n<p>\u6d41\u4f53\u52a8\u91cf\u4f20\u9012\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u65b9\u7a0b\u662f\u52a8\u91cf\u65b9\u7a0b\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u725b\u987f\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5b9a\u5f8b\u5728\u6d41\u4f53\u529b\u5b66\u4e2d\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u3002\u65b9\u7a0b\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e3a\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\n  \\[<br \/>\n  \\rho \\left( \\frac{\\partial u}{\\partial t} + u \\frac{\\partial u}{\\partial x} \\right) = -\\frac{\\partial p}{\\partial x} + \\mu \\frac{\\partial^2 u}{\\partial x^2} + \\text{\u5176\u4ed6\u529b}<br \/>\n  \\]\n<\/p>\n<p>\u5176\u4e2d\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><u1><\/p>\n<li>\\( \\rho \\)\uff1a\u6d41\u4f53\u5bc6\u5ea6<\/li>\n<li>\\( \\frac{\\partial u}{\\partial t} \\)\uff1a\u901f\u5ea6\u968f\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u7387<\/li>\n<li>\\( u \\frac{\\partial u}{\\partial x} \\)\uff1a\u5bf9\u6d41\u9879<\/li>\n<li>\\( \\frac{\\partial p}{\\partial x} \\)\uff1a\u538b\u529b\u68af\u5ea6<\/li>\n<li>\\( \\mu \\frac{\\partial^2 u}{\\partial x^2} \\)\uff1a\u7c98\u6027\u9879<\/li>\n<li>\u5176\u4ed6\u529b\uff1a\u4f8b\u5982\u91cd\u529b\u6216\u5916\u529b<\/li>\n<p><\/u1><\/p>\n<h2>\u52a8\u91cf\u4f20\u9012\u5728\u5de5\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u5e94\u7528<\/h2>\n<p>\u52a8\u91cf\u4f20\u9012\u5728\u70ed\u4ea4\u6362\u5668\u3001\u7ba1\u9053\u6d41\u52a8\u3001\u7a7a\u6c14\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7b49\u4f17\u591a\u5de5\u7a0b\u9886\u57df\u4e2d\u8d77\u7740\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5e08\u548c\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08\u901a\u8fc7\u7406\u89e3\u548c\u5e94\u7528\u52a8\u91cf\u4f20\u9012\u539f\u7406\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u4f18\u5316\u7cfb\u7edf\u6027\u80fd\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u80fd\u6548\uff0c\u5e76\u786e\u4fdd\u5b89\u5168\u548c\u7a33\u5b9a\u8fd0\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u603b\u800c\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u7406\u89e3\u6d41\u4f53\u52a8\u91cf\u4f20\u9012\u4e0d\u4ec5\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u89e3\u6790\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u6d41\u4f53\u529b\u5b66\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u8fd8\u4e3a\u8bb8\u591a\u590d\u6742\u5de5\u7a0b\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u548c\u4f18\u5316\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u7406\u8bba\u4f9d\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u7406\u89e3\u6d41\u4f53\u52a8\u91cf\u4f20\u9012\uff0c\u6df1\u5165\u63a2\u8ba8\u6d41\u4f53\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\u7684\u8fd0\u52a8\u65b9\u5f0f\u548c\u538b\u529b\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u63ed\u793a\u5176\u5728\u70ed\u529b\u5de5\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u53ca\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[134],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- 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